评: 
 Apache HttpClient ( http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/httpclient/ ) 是一个纯 Java 的HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包, 对 HTTP 协议的支持相当全面, 更多细节也可以参考IBM 网站上的这篇文章 HttpClient入门 ( http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-httpclient/ ). 
问题分析 
不过在实际使用中, 还是发现按照最基本的方式调用 HttpClient 时, 并不支持 UTF-8 编码, 在网络上找过一些文章, 也不得要领, 于是查看了 commons-httpclient-3.0.1 的一些代码, 首先在 PostMethod 中找到了 generateRequestEntity() 方法: 
 
/** 
 * Generates a request entity from the post parameters, if present. Calls 
 * {@link EntityEnclosingMethod#generateRequestBody()} if parameters have not been set. 
 * 
 * @since 3.0 
 */ 
 protected RequestEntity generateRequestEntity() { 
 if (!this.params.isEmpty()) { 
 // Use a ByteArrayRequestEntity instead of a StringRequestEntity. 
 // This is to avoid potential encoding issues. Form url encoded strings 
 // are ASCII by definition but the content type may not be. Treating the content 
 // as bytes allows us to keep the current charset without worrying about how 
 // this charset will effect the encoding of the form url encoded string. 
 String content = EncodingUtil.formUrlEncode(getParameters(), getRequestCharSet()); 
 ByteArrayRequestEntity entity = new ByteArrayRequestEntity( 
 EncodingUtil.getAsciiBytes(content), 
 FORM_URL_ENCODED_CONTENT_TYPE 
 ); 
 return entity; 
 } else { 
 return super.generateRequestEntity(); 
 } 
 }
原来使用 NameValuePair 加入的 HTTP 请求的参数最终都会转化为 RequestEntity 提交到 HTTP 服务器, 接着在 PostMethod 的父类 EntityEnclosingMethod 中找到了如下的代码: 
 
/** 
 * Returns the request's charset. The charset is parsed from the request entity's 
 * content type, unless the content type header has been set manually. 
 * 
 * @see RequestEntity#getContentType() 
 * 
 * @since 3.0 
 */ 
 public String getRequestCharSet() { 
 if (getRequestHeader("Content-Type") == null) { 
 // check the content type from request entity 
 // We can't call getRequestEntity() since it will probably call 
 // this method. 
 if (this.requestEntity != null) { 
 return getContentCharSet( 
 new Header("Content-Type", requestEntity.getContentType())); 
 } else { 
 return super.getRequestCharSet(); 
 } 
 } else { 
 return super.getRequestCharSet(); 
 } 
 } 
解决方案 
从上面两段代码可以看出是 HttpClient 是如何依据 "Content-Type" 获得请求的编码(字符集), 而这个编码又是如何应用到提交内容的编码过程中去的. 按照这个原来, 其实我们只需要重载 getRequestCharSet() 方法, 返回我们需要的编码(字符集)名称, 就可以解决 UTF-8 或者其它非默认编码提交 POST 请求时的乱码问题了. 
测试 
首先在 Tomcat 的 ROOT WebApp 下部署一个页面 test.jsp, 作为测试页面, 主要代码片段如下: 
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8"%> 
<%@ page session="false" %> 
<% 
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); 
String val = request.getParameter("TEXT"); 
System.out.println(">>>> The result is " + val); 
%> 
接着写一个测试类, 主要代码如下: 
 
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, IOException { 
 String url = "http://localhost:8080/test.jsp"; 
 PostMethod postMethod = new UTF8PostMethod(url); 
 //填入各个表单域的值 
 NameValuePair[] data = { 
 new NameValuePair("TEXT", "中文"), 
 }; 
 //将表单的值放入postMethod中 
 postMethod.setRequestBody(data); 
 //执行postMethod 
 HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(); 
 httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod); 
 } 
 //Inner class for UTF-8 support 
 public static class UTF8PostMethod extends PostMethod{ 
 public UTF8PostMethod(String url){ 
 super(url); 
 } 
 @Override 
 public String getRequestCharSet() { 
 //return super.getRequestCharSet(); 
 return "UTF-8"; 
 } 
 } 
运行这个测试程序, 在 Tomcat 的后台输出中可以正确打印出 ">>>> The result is 中文" . 
代码下载 
本文所提到的所有代码, 以及测试程序(可直接导入 eclipse)提供打包下载: att:HttpClient POST 的 UTF-8 编码问题.httpClientUTF8.tar.bz2 
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