目录
阻塞队列(Array/Linked)BlockingQueue
读写锁ReadWriteLock
读的时候可以被多线程同时读,写的时候只能有一个线程去写。
- 独占锁(写锁):一次只能被一个线程占有
- 共享锁(读锁):可以被多个线程同时占有
- 读-读:可以共存
- 读-写:不能共存
- 写-写:不能共存
public class ReadWriteLockTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyCacheLock myCache = new MyCacheLock();
        //写入
        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
            final int temp = i;
            new Thread(()->{
                myCache.put(temp+"",temp+"");
            },String.valueOf(i)).start();
        }
        //读取
        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
            final int temp = i;
            new Thread(()->{
                myCache.get(temp+"");
            },String.valueOf(i)).start();
        }
    }
}
//加锁的
class MyCacheLock{
    private volatile Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
    //读写锁(更加细粒度的控制)
    private ReadWriteLock readWriteLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
    //存 写入的时候,只希望同时只有一个线程在写
    public void put(String key, Object value){
        //加写锁
        readWriteLock.writeLock().lock();
        try {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入"+key);
            map.put(key,value);
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"写入成功");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            readWriteLock.writeLock().unlock();
        }
    }
    //读 取,所有人可以读
    public void get(String key){
        //加读锁
        readWriteLock.readLock().lock();
        try {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取"+key);
            Object o = map.get(key);
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"读取成功");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            readWriteLock.readLock().unlock();
        }
    }
}阻塞队列(Array/Linked)BlockingQueue
写入:如果队列满了,就必须阻塞等待
 读取:如果队列是空的,必须阻塞等待生产

什么情况会使用阻塞队列?
多线程(A调用B,必须等B先执行,B没有执行完,A就会挂起或者等待)
 线程池(出了弹性大小之外,一般会用一个队列去维护里面的大小)
学会使用队列
 添加,移除
四组API
| 方式 | 抛出异常 | 有返回值,不抛出异常 | 阻塞等待 | 超时等待 | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 添加 | add | offer | put | offer(,) | 
| 移除 | remove | poll | take | poll(,) | 
| 判断队列首 | element | peek | - | - | 
1.抛出异常
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //List,Set的父类Collection
        //BlockQueue不是新的东西继承自 Collection
//        什么情况下会使用阻塞队列:多线程并发处理,线程池
        test1();
    }
    
    // 1. 抛出异常
    public static void test1 () {
        //队列的大小
        ArrayBlockingQueue arrayBlockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.add("a"));
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.add("b"));
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.add("c"));
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.element());//查看队首元素
        //ava.lang.IllegalStateException
        //java.lang.IllegalStateException: Queue full 抛出异常
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.add("d"));//队列满了抛出异常
        System.out.println("=============");
        //队列移除顺序
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.remove());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.remove());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.remove());
        //java.util.NoSuchElementException
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.remove());//队列为空,抛出异常
    }
}
 2.不会抛出异常
 
// 2. 有返回值,不抛出异常
    public static void test2(){
        ArrayBlockingQueue arrayBlockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.offer("a"));
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.offer("b"));
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.offer("c"));
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.peek());//查看队首元素
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.offer("d")); //返回false 不抛出异常
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.poll());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.poll());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.poll());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.poll()); //返回null 不抛出异常
    }
 3.等待阻塞(一直阻塞)
 
// 3. 等待,阻塞(一直阻塞)
    public static void test3() throws InterruptedException {
        ArrayBlockingQueue arrayBlockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        arrayBlockingQueue.put("a");
        arrayBlockingQueue.put("b");
        arrayBlockingQueue.put("c");
        //arrayBlockingQueue.put("d"); //队列没有位置,一直阻塞
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.take());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.take());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.take());
        //System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.take()); //没有这个元素,一直阻塞
    }
 4.等待超时
 
// 4. 等待,阻塞(等待超时)
    public static void test4() throws InterruptedException {
        ArrayBlockingQueue arrayBlockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3);
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.offer("a"));
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.offer("b"));
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.offer("c"));
        //等待超过2秒就退出
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.offer("d", 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); 
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.poll());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.poll());
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.poll());
        
        //等待超过2秒就退出
        System.out.println(arrayBlockingQueue.poll(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); 
    }同步队列(SynchronousQueue)
- 没有容量,进去一个元素,必须等待取出来之后,才能再往里面放一个元素。
- 和其他的BlockingQueue 不一样, SynchronousQueue 不存储元素
- put进去一个元素,必须从里面先take取出来,否则不能再put进去值!
public class SynchronousQueueDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BlockingQueue<String> synchronousQueue = new SynchronousQueue<>();//同步队列
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" put 1");
                synchronousQueue.put("1");
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" put 2");
                synchronousQueue.put("2");
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" put 3");
                synchronousQueue.put("3");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"T1").start();
        new Thread(()->{
            try {
                //模拟睡眠3s
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" take "+synchronousQueue.take());
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" take "+synchronousQueue.take());
                TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" take "+synchronousQueue.take());
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        },"T2").start();
    }
}










