[oracle@ ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=jyc
[oracle@ ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Apr 11 12:15:07 2022

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied

Enter user-name: 

原因是工程师在做安全加固的时候属组漏了dba

[root@ ~]# id oracle
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),10(wheel)
[root@ ~]# usermod -a -G dba oracle
[root@ ~]# id oracle
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),10(wheel),1003(dba)