Docker容器操作-CFANZ编程社区

1. 从镜像启动一个容器

1.1 前台启动容器

root@node16:~# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE
root@node16:~# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Already exists 
a9edb18cadd1: Already exists 
589b7251471a: Already exists 
186b1aaa4aa6: Already exists 
b4df32aa5a72: Already exists 
a0bcbecc962e: Already exists 
Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
root@node16:~# 
root@node16:~# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
22bfc1251066   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   33 seconds ago   Up 30 seconds   80/tcp    optimistic_brahmagupta
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker

1.2 后台启动容器

### 后台启动容器，并生成随机的容器ID和名称
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
22bfc1251066   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 minutes ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             optimistic_brahmagupta
root@node16:~# docker run -d nginx
e9251fe9a682fe2d5b2a6ca0c1984565d66af5ea0f9dcfa2124d854e3b75ac08
root@node16:~#
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
e9251fe9a682   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   12 seconds ago   Up 10 seconds                   80/tcp    heuristic_newton
22bfc1251066   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 minutes ago    Exited (0) About a minute ago             optimistic_brahmagupta
root@node16:~# 
root@node16:~# docker container ls 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
e9251fe9a682   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   29 seconds ago   Up 28 seconds   80/tcp    heuristic_newton
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_02

1.3 创建容器时并进入容器（依赖于"-i"(保持一个标准输入)和"-t"(分配一个tty终端)两个参数）

### 会打开一个bash并直接进入到容器，并随机生成容器ID和名称
root@node16:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   2 months ago   141MB
root@node16:~# docker run -it nginx bash
root@e3b823472f5e:/# 
root@e3b823472f5e:/# cat /etc/issue
Debian GNU/Linux 11 \n \l

root@e3b823472f5e:/# 
root@e3b823472f5e:/# uname -a
Linux e3b823472f5e 4.15.0-112-generic #113-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 9 23:41:39 UTC 2020 x86_64 GNU/Linux
root@e3b823472f5e:/# exit
exit
root@node16:~# uname -a
Linux node16 4.15.0-112-generic #113-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 9 23:41:39 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_03

1.4 自定义容器名称（一般在单机上会有点作用，在k8s集群中很少去自定义容器名称）

root@node16:~# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   2 months ago   141MB
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
b4d22577de0f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   20 seconds ago   Up 19 seconds               80/tcp    mynginx
e3b823472f5e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago    Exited (0) 3 minutes ago              strange_mcnulty
e9251fe9a682   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   9 minutes ago    Up 9 minutes                80/tcp    heuristic_newton
22bfc1251066   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   15 minutes ago   Exited (0) 10 minutes ago             optimistic_brahmagupta
root@node16:~# docker run --name my_nginx -d nginx
fe311fd2419c13222f416a86523ceaf3ea563aff71ff6ee9a25b2069a2222ce2
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
fe311fd2419c   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 seconds ago    Up 2 seconds                80/tcp    my_nginx
b4d22577de0f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   40 seconds ago   Up 39 seconds               80/tcp    mynginx
e3b823472f5e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 minutes ago    Exited (0) 3 minutes ago              strange_mcnulty
e9251fe9a682   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   9 minutes ago    Up 9 minutes                80/tcp    heuristic_newton
22bfc1251066   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   15 minutes ago   Exited (0) 10 minutes ago             optimistic_brahmagupta
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_04

1.5 单次运行容器（容器退出后会自动删除，主要用于临时验证镜像内容是否符合标准，如配置文件目录组织结构等信息）

root@node16:~# docker run -it --rm --name V1nginx nginx bash
root@d46480b32cb4:/# exit
exit
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a |grep V1nginx         #发现容器没有了
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a

Docker容器操作_docker_05

1.6 批量强制关闭正在运行的容器

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
fe311fd2419c   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   12 minutes ago   Up 12 minutes               80/tcp    my_nginx
b4d22577de0f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   12 minutes ago   Up 12 minutes               80/tcp    mynginx
e3b823472f5e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Exited (0) 15 minutes ago             strange_mcnulty
e9251fe9a682   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   21 minutes ago   Up 21 minutes               80/tcp    heuristic_newton
22bfc1251066   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   27 minutes ago   Exited (0) 22 minutes ago             optimistic_brahmagupta
root@node16:~# docker container ps -a -q
fe311fd2419c
b4d22577de0f
e3b823472f5e
e9251fe9a682
22bfc1251066
root@node16:~# 
root@node16:~# docker kill $(docker container ps -a -q)
fe311fd2419c
b4d22577de0f
e9251fe9a682
Error response from daemon: Cannot kill container: e3b823472f5e: Container e3b823472f5e4b0de10b98b9322800330eafb2cd8187031b4de1173687da7578 is not running
Error response from daemon: Cannot kill container: 22bfc1251066: Container 22bfc125106624d7540d23d9ee3a2d3fe2c35a1be1cf1745a4f95033b8706f9d is not running
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                        PORTS     NAMES
fe311fd2419c   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   13 minutes ago   Exited (137) 16 seconds ago             my_nginx
b4d22577de0f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   13 minutes ago   Exited (137) 16 seconds ago             mynginx
e3b823472f5e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   17 minutes ago   Exited (0) 16 minutes ago               strange_mcnulty
e9251fe9a682   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   22 minutes ago   Exited (137) 16 seconds ago             heuristic_newton
22bfc1251066   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   28 minutes ago   Exited (0) 23 minutes ago               optimistic_brahmagupta
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_06

1.7 批量删除所有容器

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
fe311fd2419c   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Exited (137) 3 minutes ago             my_nginx
b4d22577de0f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Exited (137) 3 minutes ago             mynginx
e3b823472f5e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   20 minutes ago   Exited (0) 19 minutes ago              strange_mcnulty
e9251fe9a682   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   25 minutes ago   Exited (137) 3 minutes ago             heuristic_newton
22bfc1251066   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   31 minutes ago   Exited (0) 26 minutes ago              optimistic_brahmagupta
root@node16:~# docker ps -a -q
fe311fd2419c
b4d22577de0f
e3b823472f5e
e9251fe9a682
22bfc1251066
root@node16:~# 
root@node16:~# docker container rm -f `docker container ps -a -q`
fe311fd2419c
b4d22577de0f
e3b823472f5e
e9251fe9a682
22bfc1251066
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_07

2. 查看容器

2.1 查看正在运行的容器

root@node16:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
75effa3b5d32   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 seconds ago    Up 3 seconds    80/tcp    brave_edison
22d3fe040ab5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   13 seconds ago   Up 12 seconds   80/tcp    serene_sinoussi
root@node16:~# docker container ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
75effa3b5d32   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   18 seconds ago   Up 16 seconds   80/tcp    brave_edison
22d3fe040ab5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   26 seconds ago   Up 24 seconds   80/tcp    serene_sinoussi
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_08

2.2 查看所有容器（包含当前正在运行以及关闭的所有容器）

root@node16:~# docker container ps --help

Usage:  docker container ls [OPTIONS]

List containers

Aliases:
  ls, ps, list

Options:
  -a, --all             Show all containers (default shows just running)
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided
      --format string   Pretty-print containers using a Go template
  -n, --last int        Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
  -l, --latest          Show the latest created container (includes all states)
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
  -q, --quiet           Only display container IDs
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes
root@node16:~#

root@node16:~# docker ps --help

Usage:  docker ps [OPTIONS]

List containers

Options:
  -a, --all             Show all containers (default shows just running)
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided
      --format string   Pretty-print containers using a Go template
  -n, --last int        Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
  -l, --latest          Show the latest created container (includes all states)
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
  -q, --quiet           Only display container IDs
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes

root@node16:~# docker container ls --help

Usage:  docker container ls [OPTIONS]

List containers

Aliases:
  ls, ps, list

Options:
  -a, --all             Show all containers (default shows just running)
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided
      --format string   Pretty-print containers using a Go template
  -n, --last int        Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
  -l, --latest          Show the latest created container (includes all states)
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
  -q, --quiet           Only display container IDs
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes

root@node16:~# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
75effa3b5d32   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes   80/tcp    brave_edison
22d3fe040ab5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 minutes ago   Up 5 minutes   80/tcp    serene_sinoussi
root@node16:~#

root@node16:~# docker container list --help

Usage:  docker container ls [OPTIONS]

List containers

Aliases:
  ls, ps, list

Options:
  -a, --all             Show all containers (default shows just running)
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided
      --format string   Pretty-print containers using a Go template
  -n, --last int        Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
  -l, --latest          Show the latest created container (includes all states)
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
  -q, --quiet           Only display container IDs
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes
root@node16:~# 
root@node16:~# docker container list
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
75effa3b5d32   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 minutes ago   Up 6 minutes   80/tcp    brave_edison
22d3fe040ab5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 minutes ago   Up 6 minutes   80/tcp    serene_sinoussi
root@node16:~#

root@node16:~# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
cdd03684811a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 seconds ago   Exited (0) 12 seconds ago             admiring_hawking
75effa3b5d32   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago    Up 7 minutes                80/tcp    brave_edison
22d3fe040ab5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago    Up 7 minutes                80/tcp    serene_sinoussi
root@node16:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
cdd03684811a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   26 seconds ago   Exited (0) 22 seconds ago             admiring_hawking
75effa3b5d32   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago    Up 7 minutes                80/tcp    brave_edison
22d3fe040ab5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago    Up 7 minutes                80/tcp    serene_sinoussi
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_09

3. 删除运行中的容器

3.1 删除单个容器

root@Kubernetes:~# docker container rm --help 

Usage:  docker container rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Remove one or more containers

Options:
  -f, --force     Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)
  -l, --link      Remove the specified link
  -v, --volumes   Remove anonymous volumes associated with the container
root@Kubernetes:~# root@Kubernetes:~# docker container rm --help 

Usage:  docker container rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Remove one or more containers

Options:
  -f, --force     Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)
  -l, --link      Remove the specified link
  -v, --volumes   Remove anonymous volumes associated with the container
root@Kubernetes:~#

root@Kubernetes:~# docker rm --help

Usage:  docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Remove one or more containers

Options:
  -f, --force     Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)
  -l, --link      Remove the specified link
  -v, --volumes   Remove anonymous volumes associated with the container
root@Kubernetes:~#

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
b2be2056e8cc   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   12 seconds ago   Up 10 seconds              80/tcp    lucid_hawking
a92ef63990b3   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   28 seconds ago   Up 26 seconds              80/tcp    strange_franklin
2a8c66062b02   alpine    "/bin/sh"                2 minutes ago    Exited (0) 2 minutes ago             cool_chaplygin
cdd03684811a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   22 hours ago     Exited (0) 22 hours ago              admiring_hawking
75effa3b5d32   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago     Exited (0) 22 hours ago              brave_edison
22d3fe040ab5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago     Exited (0) 22 hours ago              serene_sinoussi
root@node16:~# 
root@node16:~# docker container rm -f b2be2056e8cc        #基于容器ID强制删除该容器
b2be2056e8cc
root@node16:~#
root@node16:~# docker rm -f 22d3fe040ab5
22d3fe040ab5
root@node16:~# docker container ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
a92ef63990b3   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes

Docker容器操作_docker_10

3.2 删除多个容器

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                    PORTS     NAMES
a92ef63990b3   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago   Up 7 minutes              80/tcp    strange_franklin
cdd03684811a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago    Exited (0) 23 hours ago             admiring_hawking
root@node16:~# docker container rm -f a92ef63990b3 cdd03684811a
a92ef63990b3
cdd03684811a
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

Docker容器操作_docker_11

3.3 批量删除状态为已退出的容器

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
f953b556817b   alpine    "/bin/sh"                50 seconds ago       Exited (0) 49 seconds ago             agitated_panini
089167ee6bf2   alpine    "/bin/sh"                51 seconds ago       Exited (0) 50 seconds ago             romantic_brattain
008b6448950e   alpine    "/bin/sh"                53 seconds ago       Exited (0) 51 seconds ago             romantic_cerf
714c14ea777e   alpine    "/bin/sh"                54 seconds ago       Exited (0) 53 seconds ago             intelligent_tharp
83a11c1e556c   alpine    "/bin/sh"                56 seconds ago       Exited (0) 54 seconds ago             brave_robinson
4c829a31213e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute           80/tcp    funny_wing
83aabe7b8b22   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute           80/tcp    awesome_mayer
7c2f4e32e545   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute           80/tcp    adoring_noether
98e39c1a2abf   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute
root@node16:~# docker container ps -aq -f status=exited
f953b556817b
089167ee6bf2
008b6448950e
714c14ea777e
83a11c1e556c
root@node16:~#
root@node16:~# docker container rm -f `docker container ps -qa -f status=exited`
f953b556817b
089167ee6bf2
008b6448950e
714c14ea777e
83a11c1e556c
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
4c829a31213e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   80/tcp    funny_wing
83aabe7b8b22   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   80/tcp    awesome_mayer
7c2f4e32e545   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   80/tcp    adoring_noether
98e39c1a2abf   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   80/tcp    exciting_visvesvaraya
f406b036985d   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp    clever_mahavira
7bcab6a5489f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp    interesting_wu
159adb663185   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp    kind_knuth
aeaa19272e8e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp    hopeful_wilson
367a9a3e0f59   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes   80/tcp    jolly_jennings
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_12

3.4 批量关闭正在运行的容器

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
7bcab6a5489f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   8 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   80/tcp    interesting_wu
159adb663185   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   8 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   80/tcp    kind_knuth
aeaa19272e8e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   8 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   80/tcp    hopeful_wilson
367a9a3e0f59   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   8 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   80/tcp    jolly_jennings
root@node16:~# docker ps -a -q
7bcab6a5489f
159adb663185
aeaa19272e8e
367a9a3e0f59
root@node16:~# docker stop $(docker container ps -a -q)
7bcab6a5489f
159adb663185
aeaa19272e8e
367a9a3e0f59
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
7bcab6a5489f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   9 minutes ago   Exited (0) 7 seconds ago             interesting_wu
159adb663185   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   9 minutes ago   Exited (0) 7 seconds ago             kind_knuth
aeaa19272e8e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   9 minutes ago   Exited (0) 7 seconds ago             hopeful_wilson
367a9a3e0f59   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   9 minutes ago   Exited (0) 7 seconds ago             jolly_jennings
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_13

3.5 批量开启关闭的容器

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
7bcab6a5489f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   13 minutes ago   Exited (0) 4 minutes ago             interesting_wu
159adb663185   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   13 minutes ago   Exited (0) 4 minutes ago             kind_knuth
aeaa19272e8e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   13 minutes ago   Exited (0) 4 minutes ago             hopeful_wilson
root@node16:~# docker container ps -a -q -f status=exited
7bcab6a5489f
159adb663185
aeaa19272e8e
root@node16:~# docker start `docker container ps -q -a -f status=exited`
7bcab6a5489f
159adb663185
aeaa19272e8e
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
7bcab6a5489f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   14 minutes ago   Up 9 seconds   80/tcp    interesting_wu
159adb663185   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   14 minutes ago   Up 9 seconds   80/tcp    kind_knuth
aeaa19272e8e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   14 minutes ago   Up 8 seconds   80/tcp    hopeful_wilson
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_14

3.6 批量强制关闭正在运行的容器

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
7bcab6a5489f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   80/tcp    interesting_wu
159adb663185   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   80/tcp    kind_knuth
aeaa19272e8e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   80/tcp    hopeful_wilson
root@node16:~# docker  container ps -a -q
7bcab6a5489f
159adb663185
aeaa19272e8e
root@node16:~# docker kill $(docker container ps -a -q)
7bcab6a5489f
159adb663185
aeaa19272e8e
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                        PORTS     NAMES
7bcab6a5489f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   17 minutes ago   Exited (137) 12 seconds ago             interesting_wu
159adb663185   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   17 minutes ago   Exited (137) 12 seconds ago             kind_knuth
aeaa19272e8e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   17 minutes ago   Exited (137) 12 seconds ago             hopeful_wilson
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_15

3.7 批量删除所有容器

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
7bcab6a5489f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   19 minutes ago   Exited (137) 2 minutes ago             interesting_wu
159adb663185   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   19 minutes ago   Exited (137) 2 minutes ago             kind_knuth
aeaa19272e8e   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   19 minutes ago   Exited (137) 2 minutes ago             hopeful_wilson
root@node16:~# docker container ps -a -q
7bcab6a5489f
159adb663185
aeaa19272e8e
root@node16:~# docker container rm -f $(docker container ps -a -q)
7bcab6a5489f
159adb663185
aeaa19272e8e
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
root@node16:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_16

4. 容器端口映射

4.1 随机端口映射

root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
c23a0456d6a6   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 seconds ago   Up 3 seconds   80/tcp    happy_bassi
root@node16:~# docker container rm -f c23a0456d6a6
c23a0456d6a6
root@node16:~# docker image ls
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   2 months ago   141MB
alpine       latest    c059bfaa849c   3 months ago   5.59MB
root@node16:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
root@node16:~#
root@node16:~# docker run -P nginx          #前台启动并随机映射本地端口到容器的80端口
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
2022/03/01 13:28:31 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event method
2022/03/01 13:28:31 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.21.5
2022/03/01 13:28:31 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 10.2.1 20210110 (Debian 10.2.1-6) 
2022/03/01 13:28:31 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic
2022/03/01 13:28:31 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576
2022/03/01 13:28:31 [notice] 1#1: start worker processes
2022/03/01 13:28:31 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 32
2022/03/01 13:28:31 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 33

Docker容器操作_docker_17

4.2 指定端口映射

root@node15:~# hostname -i
172.16.1.15
root@node15:~# docker run -p 10001:80 --name myNginx-test01 -it -d nginx        #将本地所有地址的10001端口映射到容器的80端口
4c123f46e38f7246fc74725082737ce933f0faa352c015113833804272c87b23
root@node15:~# docker run -p 172.16.1.15:20002:80 --name myNginx-test02 -it -d nginx        #将本地172.16.1.15对应的IP地址的20002端口映射到容器的80端口
e90410d961d576ce7fb6cf6c2dda8f97703d55c07dbc572c0578e5c8b3d64ba3
root@node15:~# docker run -p 172.16.1.15::80 --name myNginx-test03 -it -d nginx             #将本地172.16.1.15对应的IP地址的随机端口映射到容器的80端口
3c6eae128f3455f2fca232900d7627ab4cd9a99ef4baaf21a26fa3a43e9b1352
root@node15:~# docker run -p 172.16.1.15:40004:80/udp --name myNginx-test04 -it -d nginx    #将本地172.16.1.15对应的IP地址的40004端口映射到80UDP端口，如果不指定协议默认为TCP端口
43c85684930a13492c1665d99af2c61929f5f2b2e7aaf3091c0e9fb86be1aa75
root@node15:~# docker run -p 172.16.1.15:50001:80/udp -p 50002:443/tcp -p 50003:53/udp --name myNginx-test05 -it -d nginx       #还可以一次性映射多个端口/协议
15acaf3a4cff4fa3ab73ca407a93cf040410a33919cdf2fbd0479f7eb6c86f98
root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                                                                                                                   NAMES
15acaf3a4cff   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   32 seconds ago       Up 31 seconds       80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50003->53/udp, :::50003->53/udp, 172.16.1.15:50001->80/udp, 0.0.0.0:50002->443/tcp, :::50002->443/tcp   myNginx-test05
43c85684930a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   80/tcp, 172.16.1.15:40004->80/udp                                                                                       myNginx-test04
3c6eae128f34   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago        Up 2 minutes        172.16.1.15:49153->80/tcp                                                                                               myNginx-test03
e90410d961d5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago        Up 2 minutes        172.16.1.15:20002->80/tcp                                                                                               myNginx-test02
4c123f46e38f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago        Up 3 minutes        0.0.0.0:10001->80/tcp, :::10001->80/tcp                                                                                 myNginx-test01
root@node15:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_18

4.3 查看容器已经映射的端口

root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                                                                                   NAMES
15acaf3a4cff   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   9 minutes ago    Up 9 minutes    80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50003->53/udp, :::50003->53/udp, 172.16.1.15:50001->80/udp, 0.0.0.0:50002->443/tcp, :::50002->443/tcp   myNginx-test05
43c85684930a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   10 minutes ago   Up 10 minutes   80/tcp, 172.16.1.15:40004->80/udp                                                                                       myNginx-test04
3c6eae128f34   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   10 minutes ago   Up 10 minutes   172.16.1.15:49153->80/tcp                                                                                               myNginx-test03
e90410d961d5   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   11 minutes ago   Up 11 minutes   172.16.1.15:20002->80/tcp                                                                                               myNginx-test02
4c123f46e38f   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   12 minutes ago   Up 12 minutes   0.0.0.0:10001->80/tcp, :::10001->80/tcp                                                                                 myNginx-test01
root@node15:~# docker container port myNginx-test05
80/udp -> 172.16.1.15:50001
443/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:50002
443/tcp -> :::50002
53/udp -> 0.0.0.0:50003
53/udp -> :::50003
root@node15:~# docker container port myNginx-test04
80/udp -> 172.16.1.15:40004
root@node15:~# docker container port myNginx-test03
80/tcp -> 172.16.1.15:49153
root@node15:~# docker container port myNginx-test02
80/tcp -> 172.16.1.15:20002
root@node15:~# docker container port myNginx-test01
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:10001
80/tcp -> :::10001
root@node15:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_19

5. 使用inspect命令获取容器的信息

5.1 获取容器的详细信息

### 查看容器名称为"myNginx-test05"的容器详细信息
root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                                                                                   NAMES
15acaf3a4cff   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   12 minutes ago   Up 12 minutes   80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50003->53/udp, :::50003->53/udp, 172.16.1.15:50001->80/udp, 0.0.0.0:50002->443/tcp, :::50002->443/tcp   myNginx-test05
root@node15:~# docker container inspect myNginx-test05
[
    {
        "Id": "15acaf3a4cff4fa3ab73ca407a93cf040410a33919cdf2fbd0479f7eb6c86f98",
        "Created": "2022-03-01T14:05:29.698813256Z",
        "Path": "/docker-entrypoint.sh",
        "Args": [
            "nginx",
            "-g",
            "daemon off;"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 2855,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2022-03-01T14:05:30.823644089Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:605c77e624ddb75e6110f997c58876baa13f8754486b461117934b24a9dc3a85",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/15acaf3a4cff4fa3ab73ca407a93cf040410a33919cdf2fbd0479f7eb6c86f98/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/15acaf3a4cff4fa3ab73ca407a93cf040410a33919cdf2fbd0479f7eb6c86f98/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/15acaf3a4cff4fa3ab73ca407a93cf040410a33919cdf2fbd0479f7eb6c86f98/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/15acaf3a4cff4fa3ab73ca407a93cf040410a33919cdf2fbd0479f7eb6c86f98/15acaf3a4cff4fa3ab73ca407a93cf040410a33919cdf2fbd0479f7eb6c86f98-json.log",
        "Name": "/myNginx-test05",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "docker-default",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {
                "443/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "",
                        "HostPort": "50002"
                    }
                ],
                "53/udp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "",
                        "HostPort": "50003"
                    }
                ],
                "80/udp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "172.16.1.15",
                        "HostPort": "50001"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/26c80ddc859369aa91dc6b6851dbba06ee5c279d943ae35a9887ce136b215f21-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5a7618ea5a0fa112e17a4bb1c9dee7ca22cec7d74c1b678dbc23ac4930b3a180/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3be83da644a2a178cfe60f1988b081822660589a317a3e651e5103c63e84d161/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/eabfcaff677298c8de8e747449a2e6b2a2e880d1b209df79471b25ac8319226d/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/16040bf8bb5a6bfe2725e4ee9937301ed432cf2e54be2f65915779326de181c2/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1e03d3aff8d8f00cfe8807317dac5ff3a85df649c719c4298c3dd59c4e6a48f6/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/87f90de43c71bef203cd6759ac817746e575575171cb644b6038a3ced9f544aa/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/26c80ddc859369aa91dc6b6851dbba06ee5c279d943ae35a9887ce136b215f21/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/26c80ddc859369aa91dc6b6851dbba06ee5c279d943ae35a9887ce136b215f21/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/26c80ddc859369aa91dc6b6851dbba06ee5c279d943ae35a9887ce136b215f21/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "15acaf3a4cff",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
                "443/tcp": {},
                "53/udp": {},
                "80/tcp": {},
                "80/udp": {}
            },
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
                "NGINX_VERSION=1.21.5",
                "NJS_VERSION=0.7.1",
                "PKG_RELEASE=1~bullseye"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "nginx",
                "-g",
                "daemon off;"
            ],
            "Image": "nginx",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": [
                "/docker-entrypoint.sh"
            ],
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers <docker-maint@nginx.com>"
            },
            "StopSignal": "SIGQUIT"
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "c3a326db64307dd66a8c559856c3e81b1314ae9ca27deb30e88fd71a5fddf1ca",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {
                "443/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
                        "HostPort": "50002"
                    },
                    {
                        "HostIp": "::",
                        "HostPort": "50002"
                    }
                ],
                "53/udp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
                        "HostPort": "50003"
                    },
                    {
                        "HostIp": "::",
                        "HostPort": "50003"
                    }
                ],
                "80/tcp": null,
                "80/udp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "172.16.1.15",
                        "HostPort": "50001"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/c3a326db6430",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "ca79902b0c3e8e90c2d4c3300cf1546dbeefb6d601b8e31c10aa423d4768e317",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.6",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:06",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "5317e48bd29cc927dccc4efcfab6eeb695a7b932311f55c13a891028c7b8fb9c",
                    "EndpointID": "ca79902b0c3e8e90c2d4c3300cf1546dbeefb6d601b8e31c10aa423d4768e317",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.6",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:06",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]
root@node15:~#

### 也可以基于容器ID查看容器的详细信息
root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                                                                                   NAMES
15acaf3a4cff   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   15 minutes ago   Up 15 minutes   80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50003->53/udp, :::50003->53/udp, 172.16.1.15:50001->80/udp, 0.0.0.0:50002->443/tcp, :::50002->443/tcp   myNginx-test05
root@node15:~# docker container inspect 15acaf3a4cff

5.2 获取容器的IP地址

root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                                                                                   NAMES
15acaf3a4cff   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Up 16 minutes   80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50003->53/udp, :::50003->53/udp, 172.16.1.15:50001->80/udp, 0.0.0.0:50002->443/tcp, :::50002->443/tcp   myNginx-test05
root@node15:~# docker container inspect -f "{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}" myNginx-test05
172.17.0.6
root@node15:~# docker container inspect -f "{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}" 15acaf3a4cff
172.17.0.6
root@node15:~#

5.3 获取容器的PID信息

root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                                                                                   NAMES
15acaf3a4cff   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   18 minutes ago   Up 18 minutes   80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50003->53/udp, :::50003->53/udp, 172.16.1.15:50001->80/udp, 0.0.0.0:50002->443/tcp, :::50002->443/tcp   myNginx-test05
root@node15:~# docker container inspect -f "{{.State.Pid}}" 15acaf3a4cff
2855
root@node15:~# docker container inspect -f "{{.State.Pid}}"  myNginx-test05
2855
root@node15:~#

6. 进入到正在运行的容器

6.1 使用attach命令连接正在运行的容器（生产环境不推荐使用，因为使用exit退出容器后容器会跟着自动关闭）

root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS     NAMES
39cb32823eb0   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   80/tcp    myNginx-test01
root@node15:~# docker container attach 39cb32823eb0
root@39cb32823eb0:/# ls /
bin   dev      docker-entrypoint.sh  home  lib64  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
boot  docker-entrypoint.d  etc       lib   media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
root@39cb32823eb0:/# date
Wed Mar  2 01:51:16 UTC 2022
root@39cb32823eb0:/# date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S
2022-03-02-01:51:28
root@39cb32823eb0:/# exit
exit
root@node15:~# docker container  ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
39cb32823eb0   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             myNginx-test01
root@node15:~#

6.2 使用exec命令（生产环境推荐使用这种方式）

root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
39cb32823eb0   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago   Up 3 seconds   80/tcp    myNginx-test01
root@node15:~# docker container exec -it  myNginx-test01 bash
root@39cb32823eb0:/# cat /etc/hosts 
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
172.17.0.2  39cb32823eb0
root@39cb32823eb0:/# exit
exit
root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
39cb32823eb0   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   8 minutes ago   Up 49 seconds   80/tcp    myNginx-test01
root@node15:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_20

6.3 使用nsenter命令(生产环境也推荐使用这种方式，但需要单独安装nsenter命令)

root@node15:~# apt-get install util-linux       #安装nsenter命令

root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
39cb32823eb0   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   18 minutes ago   Up 10 minutes   80/tcp    myNginx-test01
root@node15:~# docker container inspect -f "{{.State.Pid}}" myNginx-test01        #获取容器PID
2559
root@node15:~# nsenter -t 2559 -m -u -i -n -p           #通过容器的PID连接运行中的容器
root@39cb32823eb0:/# cat /etc/issue
Debian GNU/Linux 11 \n \l

root@39cb32823eb0:/# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
# This file is managed by man:systemd-resolved(8). Do not edit.
#
# This is a dynamic resolv.conf file for connecting local clients directly to
# all known uplink DNS servers. This file lists all configured search domains.
#
# Third party programs must not access this file directly, but only through the
# symlink at /etc/resolv.conf. To manage man:resolv.conf(5) in a different way,
# replace this symlink by a static file or a different symlink.
#
# See man:systemd-resolved.service(8) for details about the supported modes of
# operation for /etc/resolv.conf.

nameserver 114.114.114.114
root@39cb32823eb0:/# exit
logout
root@node15:~# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
39cb32823eb0   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   19 minutes ago   Up 12 minutes   80/tcp    myNginx-test01
root@node15:~#

Docker容器操作_docker_21

6.4 脚本方式连接容器

root@node15:/data/scripts# pwd 
/data/scripts
root@node15:/data/scripts# cat docker_connect.sh 
#!/bin/bash
function docker_connect(){
    CONTAINER_NAME=$1
    CONTAINER_PID=$(docker container inspect -f "{{.State.Pid}}" ${CONTAINER_NAME})
    nsenter -t ${CONTAINER_PID} -m -u -i -n -p
}


docker_connect $1
root@node15:/data/scripts#

root@node15:/data/scripts# ll docker_connect.sh 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 582 Mar  2 10:19 docker_connect.sh
root@node15:/data/scripts# chmod +x docker_connect.sh 
root@node15:/data/scripts# ll docker_connect.sh 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 582 Mar  2 10:19 docker_connect.sh*

root@node15:/data/scripts# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
39cb32823eb0   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   33 minutes ago   Up 25 minutes   80/tcp    myNginx-test01
root@node15:/data/scripts# ll
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar  2 10:22 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar  2 10:16 ../
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  582 Mar  2 10:19 docker_connect.sh*
root@node15:/data/scripts# ./docker_connect.sh myNginx-test01
root@39cb32823eb0:/# cat /etc/issue
Debian GNU/Linux 11 \n \l

root@39cb32823eb0:/# date +%F
2022-03-02
root@39cb32823eb0:/# exit
logout
root@node15:/data/scripts# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
39cb32823eb0   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   34 minutes ago   Up 26 minutes   80/tcp    myNginx-test01
root@node15:/data/scripts#

Docker容器操作_docker_22