一、安装

下载地址：中科大源 ​​http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-releases/20.04.4/​​​ 安装步骤：​​​​

二、使用准备

配置源：

• 备份源：​​sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak​​
• 修改源：​​sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list​​ 清空填入以下内容

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

• 更新源：​​sudo apt update​​
• 安装工具：​​sudo apt install net-tools​​
• 查看网络：​​ifconfig -a​​
• 缓存与垃圾清理​​详情查看​​​​sudo apt-get autoclean​​ 清理旧版本的软件缓存
  ​​sudo apt-get clean​​ 清理所有软件缓存
  ​​sudo apt-get autoremove​​ 删除系统不再使用的孤立软件

三、安装开发工具

1. 安装Anaconda
   ​​教程与使用​​，下载：​​https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/anaconda/​​ 一路默认安装或者yes安装完成，激活Anaconda 使用 ​​source ~/.bashrc​​
2. 安装依赖：
   ​​sudo apt-get install python3-dev​​​​sudo apt-get install gcc​​