将字典转成URL请求参数

from urllib.parse import urlencode
params = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
result = urlencode(params)
print(result)

将URL请求参数转成字典

from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlparse
url = 'https://so.***.net/so/search?spm=1000.2115.3001.4498&q=test&t=&u='
query = urlparse(url).query
params = parse_qs(query)
print(params)