text justification
 ‘’’
 原字符串左侧对齐, 右侧补零:
 ‘’’
 str.ljust(width,‘0’)
 input: ‘789’.ljust(32,‘0’)
 output: ‘78900000000000000000000000000000’
‘’’
 原字符串右侧对齐, 左侧补零:
 方法一:
 ‘’’
 str.rjust(width,‘0’)
 input: ‘798’.rjust(32,‘0’)
 output: ‘00000000000000000000000000000798’
 ‘’’
 方法二:
 ‘’’
 str.zfill(width)
 input: ‘123’.zfill(32)
 output:‘00000000000000000000000000000123’
 ‘’’
 方法三:
 ‘’’
 ‘%07d’ % n
 input: ‘%032d’ % 89
 output:‘00000000000000000000000000000089’










