descprition方法
Person.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
@interface Person : NSObject
@property(strong, nonatomic) NSString* name;
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
 
Person.m
重写description方法
#import "Person.h"
@implementation Person
- (NSString *)description
{
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name:%@", self.name];
}
@end
 
main.m
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Person.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        Person* p1 = [Person new];
        p1.name = @"dancer";
        //幕后调用了一个description方法
        NSLog(@"p1:%@",p1);
    }
    return 0;
}
 

类型方法
Person.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
@interface Person : NSObject
-(instancetype)initWithName:(NSString*)name;
+(instancetype)personWithName:(NSString*)name;
+(void)sayHello;
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END 
Person.m
#import "Person.h"
@interface Person()
@property(strong, nonatomic)NSString* name;
@end
@implementation Person
- (instancetype)initWithName:(NSString *)name{
    self = [super init];
    if(self){
        _name = name;
    }
    return self;
}
+ (instancetype)personWithName:(NSString *)name{
    Person* p = [[Person alloc]initWithName:name];
    return p;
}
+ (void)sayHello{
    //类方法里不能访问成员变量
    //_name = @"dancer";
    //如果一个方法的实现逻辑,并不关注细节的不同,可以设计成类型方法
    NSLog(@"Hello world");
}
@end
 
main.m
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Person.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        Person* p1 = [Person personWithName:@"dancer"];
        //反馈结果都相同,可以使用类型方法
        [Person sayHello];
    }
    return 0;
}










