1.2.2. Instantiating a container
1.2.2. 实例化一个容器
The location path or paths supplied to an ApplicationContext constructor are resource strings that let the container load configuration metadata from a variety of external resources, such as the local file system, the Java CLASSPATH, and so on.
提供给ApplicationContext构造函数的一个或多个位置路径是资源字符串，这些资源字符串使容器可以从各种外部资源（例如本地文件系统，Java CLASSPATH等）加载配置元数据。
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("services.xml", "daos.xml");
After you learn about Spring’s IoC container, you may want to know more about Spring’s Resource abstraction, as described in Resources, which provides a convenient mechanism for reading an InputStream from locations defined in a URI syntax. In particular, Resource paths are used to construct applications contexts as described in Application contexts and Resource paths.
了解了Spring的IoC容器之后，您可能想了解更多有关Spring的Resource抽象（如参考资料所述），它提供了一种方便的机制，可以从URI语法中定义的位置读取InputStream。 尤其是，如应用程序上下文和资源路径中所述，资源路径用于构造应用程序上下文。
The following example shows the service layer objects (services.xml) configuration file:
以下示例显示服务层对象（services.xml）配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- services -->
<bean id="petStore" class="org.springframework.samples.jpetstore.services.PetStoreServiceImpl">
<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
<property name="itemDao" ref="itemDao"/>
<!-- additional collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
</bean>
<!-- more bean definitions for services go here -->
</beans>
The following example shows the data access objects daos.xml file:
以下示例显示了数据访问对象daos.xml文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="accountDao"
class="org.springframework.samples.jpetstore.dao.jpa.JpaAccountDao">
<!-- additional collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
</bean>
<bean id="itemDao" class="org.springframework.samples.jpetstore.dao.jpa.JpaItemDao">
<!-- additional collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
</bean>
<!-- more bean definitions for data access objects go here -->
</beans>
In the preceding example, the service layer consists of the class PetStoreServiceImpl, and two data access objects of the type JpaAccountDao and JpaItemDao (based on the JPA Object/Relational mapping standard). The property name element refers to the name of the JavaBean property, and the ref element refers to the name of another bean definition. This linkage between id and ref elements expresses the dependency between collaborating objects. For details of configuring an object’s dependencies, see Dependencies.
在前面的示例中，服务层由PetStoreServiceImpl类和两个JpaAccountDao和JpaItemDao类型的数据访问对象组成（基于JPA对象关系映射标准）。属性名称元素引用JavaBean属性的名称，而ref元素引用另一个bean定义的名称。 id和ref元素之间的这种联系表达了协作对象之间的依赖性。有关配置对象的依存关系的详细信息，请参阅依存关系。
