1. 简述 Samba 服务

对于我而言，最简单的理解就是，我可以通过部署 Samba 服务来实现 Linux 端和 Windows 端的文件共享，可以免去对第三方软件工具的依赖，直接进行数据交互；尤其是将 Windows 端的一些数据向 Linux 端进行同步或者备份时，Samba 服务还是非常还用的。

2. 配置 Samba 服务端

步骤1：关闭系统防火墙（也可启用防火墙放行相关端口）。

[root@mylinux ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service && systemctl disable firewalld.service
[root@mylinux ~]# systemctl list-unit-files |grep firewalld && firewall-cmd --state
firewalld.service                             disabled
not running

步骤2：关闭 SELINUX。

[root@mylinux ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config |grep -vE "^#|^$"
SELINUX=disabled   //此项修改为 “disabled” 即可。
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

步骤3：配置本地 YUM 源。

[root@mylinux ~]# mkdir /iso
[root@mylinux ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@mylinux ~]# mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/repo_backup
[root@mylinux ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/repo_backup/
[root@mylinux ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
> > > local.repo 内容如下所示 > > >
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
> > > EOF > > >
[root@mylinux ~]# mount -o loop /iso/CentOS-7.6-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso /mnt/cdrom/
[root@mylinux ~]# yum clean all
[root@mylinux ~]# yum repolist

步骤4：安装 samba 和 samba-client 软件包。

[root@mylinux ~]# yum search samba --showduplicates
[root@mylinux ~]# yum -y install samba samba-client
[root@mylinux ~]# rpm -qa |grep -i samba
samba-client-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-client-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-common-tools-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-common-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64
samba-common-4.8.3-4.el7.noarch

步骤5：创建共享目录并赋予最高权限。

[root@mylinux ~]# mkdir -p /samba_share/share_folder_1
[root@mylinux ~]# mkdir /samba_share/share_folder_2
[root@mylinux ~]# chmod -R 777 /samba_share/   //此处若不赋予权限，则通过 windows 访问共享目录时只能读取数据，而无法创建文件夹以及向文件中写入数据。
[root@mylinux ~]# ls -l /samba_share/
总用量 0
drwxrwxrwx 3 root root 41 6月   3 23:42 share_folder_1
drwxrwxrwx 3 root root 24 6月   3 23:38 share_folder_2

步骤6：编辑 smb.conf 文件将目录共享出去。

[root@mylinux ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
> > > 要将刚刚创建的目录共享出去，需要在 smb.conf 文件末尾添加如下内容 > > >
[share_folder_1]
        comment = This is a shared directory
        path = /samba_share/share_folder_1
        browseable = yes
        writable = yes
[share_folder_2]
        comment = This is a shared directory
        path = /samba_share/share_folder_2
        browseable = yes
        writable = yes
> > > EOF > > >

[root@mylinux ~]# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf
# See smb.conf.example for a more detailed config file or
# read the smb.conf manpage.
# Run 'testparm' to verify the config is correct after
# you modified it.

[global]
        workgroup = SAMBA
        security = user

        passdb backend = tdbsam

        printing = cups
        printcap name = cups
        load printers = yes
        cups options = raw

#[homes]
#       comment = Home Directories
#       valid users = %S, %D%w%S
#       browseable = No
#       read only = No
#       inherit acls = Yes

[printers]
        comment = All Printers
        path = /var/tmp
        printable = Yes
        create mask = 0600
        browseable = No

[print$]
        comment = Printer Drivers
        path = /var/lib/samba/drivers
        write list = @printadmin root
        force group = @printadmin
        create mask = 0664
        directory mask = 0775

[share_folder_1]
        comment = This is a shared directory
        path = /samba_share/share_folder_1
        browseable = yes
        writable = yes

[share_folder_2]
        comment = This is a shared directory
        path = /samba_share/share_folder_2
        browseable = yes
        writable = yes

步骤7：创建 samba 用户。

[root@mylinux ~]# useradd sambauser
[root@mylinux ~]# smbpasswd -a sambauser
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
Added user sambauser.

步骤8：重启 smb.service 和 nmb.service 服务并设置为开机自启动。

[root@mylinux ~]# systemctl enable smb.service nmb.service 
[root@mylinux ~]# systemctl restart smb.service nmb.service 
[root@mylinux ~]# systemctl status smb.service nmb.service    //两个服务都应该为 “active” 状态。