二进制安装mariadb10.4

安装前的准备：

1、yum info mariadb，找到官网，http://mariadb.org，找到mariadb-10.4.22-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz版本，镜像站点可以选择国内的阿里云，点击下载即可

安装步骤：

1、安装相关包

[root@centos7 ~]#yum -y install libaio numactl-libs

2、创建用户和组

[root@centos7 ~]#groupadd mysql
[root@centos7 ~]#useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

3、准备程序文件

[root@centos7 ~]#tar xfv mariadb-10.4.22-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@centos7 ~]#cd /usr/local/
[root@centos7 local]#ln -s mariadb-10.4.22-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 mysql
[root@centos7 local]#chown -R root.root /usr/local/mysql/

4、准备环境变量

[root@centos7 local]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@centos7 local]#. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

5、创建数据库目录，修改权限

[root@centos7 local]#mkdir /data/mysql -pv
mkdir: created directory ‘/data/mysql’
[root@centos7 local]#chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

6、准备配置文件

[root@centos7 local]#cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@centos7 mysql]#cp /etc/my.cnf{,.bak}
[root@centos7 mysql]#vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@centos7 mysql]#cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#datadir=/var/lib/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

7、创建配置文件中指定的路径并修改权限

[root@centos7 mysql]#mkdir /var/lib/mysql
[root@centos7 mysql]#chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
[root@centos7 mysql]#touch /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@centos7 mysql]#ll  /var/lib/mysql
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb  1 13:00 mysql.sock
[root@centos7 mysql]#chmod guo+wr /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@centos7 mysql]#ll  /var/lib/mysql
total 0
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 0 Feb  1 13:00 mysql.sock
[root@centos7 mysql]#touch /data/mysql/mysql.log
[root@centos7 mysql]#ll /data/mysql/
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb  1 13:18 mysql.log
[root@centos7 mysql]#chmod guo+rw /data/mysql/mysql.log
[root@centos7 mysql]#ll /data/mysql/mysql.log
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 0 Feb  1 13:18 /data/mysql/mysql.log
[root@centos7 mysql]#mkdir /var/run/mariadb
[root@centos7 mysql]#chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mariadb/
[root@centos7 mysql]#touch /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
[root@centos7 mysql]#ll /var/run/mariadb/
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb  1 13:32 mariadb.pid
[root@centos7 mysql]#chmod guo+rw /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
[root@centos7 mysql]#ll /var/run/mariadb/
total 0
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 0 Feb  1 13:32 mariadb.pid

8、初始化数据库文件并生成 root 空密码

[root@centos7 mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

9、启动MariaDB守护程序

[root@centos7 mysql]#./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql &

10、测试MariaDB守护程序

[root@centos7 mysql]#cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

11、准备服务脚本和启动

[root@centos7 mysql]#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@centos7 mysql]#chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@centos7 mysql]#chkconfig --list mysqld

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysqld         	0:off	1:off	2:on	3:on	4:on	5:on	6:off

[root@centos7 mysql]#systemctl start mysqld.service

12、数据库的登录、查询，修改密码，Ctrl+D，退出数据库

[root@centos7 mysql]#ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
[root@centos7 mysql]#./bin/mysql -uroot -p
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
MariaDB [mysql]> select user,host,password from user;
MariaDB [mysql]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY "MySQL@2022.";
MariaDB [mysql]> Bye
[root@centos7 mysql]#

13、登录测试

[root@centos7 mysql]#mysql -uroot -pMySQL@2022.