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android notification,notificationmanager详解


我们知道在使用Android的通知的时候一定会用到NotificationManager 、 Notification这两个类,这两个类的作用分别是:


NotificationManager :  是状态栏通知的管理类,负责发通知、清楚通知等。

Notification:状态栏通知对象,可以设置icon、文字、提示声音、振动等等参数。

这里需要声明一点,由于Android的系统升级,Android在通知这块也有很多老的东西被抛弃了,一个是api11的版本,一个是api16的版本。我们来比较下api11之前的用法这是通用的:

PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,  
new Intent(this, MainActivity.class), 0);
// 下面需兼容Android 2.x版本是的处理方式
Notification notify1 = new Notification();
notify1.icon = R.drawable.message;
notify1.tickerText = "TickerText:您有新短消息,请注意查收!";
notify1.when = System.currentTimeMillis();
notify1.setLatestEventInfo(this, "Notification Title",
"This is the notification message", pendingIntent);
notify1.number = 1;
notify1.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL;
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_FLAG, notify1);

api11-api16的用法是这样的(主要是新增了自定义通知图标,并且通知的构造方式也发生了改变)

PendingIntent pendingIntent2 = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,  
new Intent(this, MainActivity.class), 0);
// API11之后才支持
Notification notify2 = new Notification.Builder(this)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.message)
.setTicker("TickerText:" + "您有新短消息,请注意查收!")
.setContentTitle("Notification Title")
.setContentText("This is the notification message")
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent2)
.setNumber(1)
.getNotification(); // 需要注意build()是在API level
// 16及之后增加的,在API11中可以使用getNotificatin()来代替
notify2.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL;
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_FLAG, notify2);


api16之后

PendingIntent pendingIntent3 = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,  
new Intent(this, MainActivity.class), 0);
// API16之后才支持
Notification notify3 = new Notification.Builder(this)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.message)
.setTicker("TickerText:" + "您有新短消息,请注意查收!")
.setContentTitle("Notification Title")
.setContentText("This is the notification message")
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent3).setNumber(1).build();
notify3.flags |= Notification.FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL; // FLAG_AUTO_CANCEL表明当通知被用户点击时,通知将被清除。
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_FLAG, notify3);//关联通知


我们这里讲的主要是api16之后的使用方法



首先我们通过系统的Service获取NotificationManager对象,然后通过他将消息发送给系统,获取方法如下:


NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);


Notification主要包含以下参数:


  • An icon  (通知的图标)
  • A title and expanded message  (通知的标题和内容)
  • A​​PendingIntent   (点击通知执行页面跳转)​

使用流程:

1、创建NotificationManager 

通过NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);获取NotificationNotificationManager 消息管理类,

2,创建Notification实体

通过Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);创建一个通知的实体,里面可以包含很多的参数,如通知的Icon,消息内容,跳转等。

3,通过notificationManager.notify(0, builder.build());将消息绑定,里面会用到NotificationService(这里不做讲解)

普通通知


Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
Intent mIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse));
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, mIntent, 0);
builder.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.lanucher);
builder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.lanucher));
builder.setAutoCancel(true);
builder.setContentTitle("普通通知");
builder.setContentText("您有新短消息,请注意查收");
notificationManager.notify(0, builder.build());

折叠式通知

我们还可以通过RemoteViews(这里就是桌面小控件的实现,不知道大家是否还有印象)

Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
Intent mIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse(""));
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, mIntent, 0);
builder.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.foldleft);
builder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.lanucher));
builder.setAutoCancel(true);
builder.setContentTitle("折叠菜单");
builder.setContentText("您有新短消息,请注意查收");
//用RemoteViews来创建自定义Notification视图
RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.view_fold);
Notification notification = builder.build();
//指定展开时的视图
notification.bigContentView = remoteViews;
notificationManager.notify(1, notification);


自定义通知

Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this);
Intent mIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("));
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, mIntent, 0);
builder.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.foldleft);
builder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.icon));
builder.setAutoCancel(true);
builder.setContentTitle("自定义菜单");
builder.setContentText("您有新短消息,请注意查收");
//设置点击跳转
Intent hangIntent = new Intent(this,NotificationActivity.class);
hangIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
PendingIntent hangPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, hangIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);
builder.setFullScreenIntent(hangPendingIntent, true);

notificationManager.notify(2, builder.build());


android notification,notificationmanager详解_自定义

android notification,notificationmanager详解_自定义_02





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