Spring中编程式事务处理(使用TransactionTemplate)

Spring的编程式事务处理，需要使用Hibernate事务回调接口，事务回调接口可以管理Hibernate的事务：

TransactionCallbackWithoutResult —— 执行事务没有返回值，例如save、update、delete等等；

TransactionCallback —— 执行事务处理后有返回值，如find要返回结果集(List)；

使用Spring的IoC容器来管理bean，具体注入的过程为：

装配DataSource —— 将DataSource注入到SessionFactory Bean中 —— 将SessionFactory Bean注入到HibernateTransactionManager中 —— 将SessionFactory Bean与HibernateTransactionManager Bean一起都注入到DAO中

对应的Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml的配置如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"> 

<beans> 

<bean id="threeDataSource" 
   class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> 
   <property name="driverClassName" 
    value="com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver"> 
   </property> 
   <property name="url" 
    value="jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databasename=hibernate"> 
   </property> 
   <property name="username" value="sa"></property> 
   <property name="password" value="111111"></property> 
</bean> 

<bean id="threeSessionFactory" 
   class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
   <property name="dataSource"> 
    <ref bean="threeDataSource" /> 
   </property> 
   <property name="mappingResources"> 
    <list> 
     <value>org/shirdrn/entity/Person.hbm.xml</value> 
    </list> 
   </property> 
   <property name="hibernateProperties"> 
    <props> 
     <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> 
      org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect 
     </prop> 
     <prop key="hibernate.show_sql"> 
                    true 
                </prop> 
    </props> 
   </property> 
</bean> 

<bean id="hTransactionManager" 
   class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" 
   abstract="false" singleton="true" lazy-init="default" 
   autowire="default" dependency-check="default"> 
   <property name="sessionFactory"> 
    <ref bean="threeSessionFactory" /> 
   </property> 
</bean> 

<bean id="threePersonDao" class="org.shirdrn.no.three.dao.PersonDao" 
   abstract="false" singleton="true" lazy-init="default" 
   autowire="default" dependency-check="default"> 
   <property name="transactionManager"> 
    <ref bean="hTransactionManager"/> 
   </property> 
   <property name="sessionFactory"> 
    <ref bean="threeSessionFactory" /> 
   </property> 
</bean> 

</beans> 

实体类Person对应DAO的服务接口为IPerson，如下所示： 

package org.shirdrn.no.three.interf; 

import java.util.List; 

import org.shirdrn.entity.Person; 

public interface IPersonDao { 
public void createPerson(Person person); 
public void updatePerson(Person person); 
public void deletePerson(Person person); 
public List queryPerson(String hql); 
public Person queryOnePerson(String hql); 
} 

PersonDao实现了服务接口IPerson，同时必须集成HibernateDaoSupport，因为在HibernateDaoSupport中实现了DataSource、SessionFactory的setter方法，继承HibernateDaoSupport从而将SessionFactory注入到DAO中可以简化编程。 

PersonDao的实现如下所示： 

package org.shirdrn.no.three.dao; 

import java.util.List; 

import org.shirdrn.entity.Person; 
import org.shirdrn.no.three.interf.IPersonDao; 
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; 
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; 
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition; 
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus; 
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallback; 
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult; 
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate; 

public class PersonDao extends HibernateDaoSupport implements IPersonDao{ 

private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate; 

public void setTransactionManager(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager){     // 注入TransactionManager 
   this.transactionTemplate = new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager);     //   以注入的TransactionManager作为参数，获取一个TransactionTemplate实例，该实例封装了Hibernate的行为 

} 

public void createPerson(final Person person) { 
   transactionTemplate.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED); 
   transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult(){    // 使用无返回值的事务回调接口 
    @Override 
    protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus arg0) { 
     getHibernateTemplate().save(person);    
    }   
   }); 
} 

public void deletePerson(final Person person) { 
   transactionTemplate.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED); 
   transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult(){     // 使用无返回值的事务回调接口 
    @Override 
    protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus arg0) { 
     getHibernateTemplate().delete(person);    
    }   
   }); 
} 

public void updatePerson(final Person person) { 
   transactionTemplate.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED); 
   transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult(){     // 使用无返回值的事务回调接口 
    @Override 
    protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus arg0) { 
     getHibernateTemplate().update(person);    
    }   
   }); 
} 

public List queryPerson(final String hql) { 
   transactionTemplate.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED); 
   List list = (List)transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallback(){   // 使用带返回值的事务回调接口 

    public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus arg0) { 
     System.out.println(hql); 
     return getHibernateTemplate().find(hql); 
    }   
   }); 
   return list; 
} 

public Person queryOnePerson(final String hql) { 
   transactionTemplate.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED); 
   return (Person)transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallback(){     // 使用带返回值的事务回调接口 

    public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus arg0) { 
     return getHibernateTemplate().find(hql).get(0); 
    }   
   }); 
} 
}

编写测试函数，如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.no.three.test; 

import org.shirdrn.entity.Person; 
import org.shirdrn.no.three.interf.IPersonDao; 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; 
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 

public class SpringTest { 
public static void main(String[] args) { 
   ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); 
   IPersonDao personDao = (IPersonDao)ctx.getBean("threePersonDao"); 
   /** 
   * 测试save 
   */ 
   /*Person p = new Person(); 
   p.setId("200804150016"); 
   p.setName("Sujnn"); 
   p.setAddr("Shanghai"); 
   p.setAge(new Integer(22)); 
   p.setGender("male"); 
   personDao.createPerson(p);*/ 
   /** 
   * 测试update 
   */ 
   /*Person p = new Person(); 
   p.setId("200804150016"); 
   p.setName("SujnnXXX"); 
   p.setAddr("Hongkong"); 
   p.setAge(new Integer(22)); 
   p.setGender("male"); 
   personDao.updatePerson(p);*/ 
   /** 
   * 测试delete 
   */ 
   /*Person p = new Person(); 
   p.setId("200804150016"); 
   personDao.deletePerson(p);*/ 
   /** 
   * 测试find(HQL) 
   */ 
   /*List list = personDao.queryPerson("from Person"); 
   for(Object o : list.toArray()){ 
    Person p = (Person)o; 
    System.out.println("Id   = "+p.getId()); 
    System.out.println("Name = "+p.getName()); 
    System.out.println("Addr = "+p.getAddr()); 
    System.out.println("******************************"); 
   }*/ 
   /** 
   * 测试find(Person) 
   */ 
   Person p = personDao.queryOnePerson("from Person p where p.id='200804150015'"); 
   System.out.println("Id    = "+p.getId()); 
   System.out.println("Name = "+p.getName()); 
   System.out.println("Addr = "+p.getAddr()); 
   System.out.println("Gender= "+p.getGender()); 
   System.out.println("Age = "+p.getAge()); 
} 
}

以上主函数中的五个测试均成功。