并查集判环:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<string.h>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<sstream>
#include<time.h>
#include<utility>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<stdexcept>
using namespace std;
int n,m;
int p[1000000];
int num;
int find (int x)
{
if (x == p[x])
return x ;
else return find (p[x]);
}
void un(int a ,int b)
{
int fa = find (a);
int fb = find (b);
if (fa==fb)
{
num++;
return ;
}
else
{
if (fa>fb)
p[fa]=fb;
else
p[fb]=fa;
}
}
int main ()
{
int n,m;
while (scanf ("%d%d",&n,&m)!=EOF )
{
num=0;
for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
p[i]=i;
int a,b;
for (int i=0;i<m;i++)
{
scanf ("%d%d",&a,&b);
un(a,b);
}
printf("%d\n",num);
}
return 0;
}