02 IntegerCache

阿里巴巴Java开发手册中，[强制] 所有的相同类型的包装类对象之间值的比较，全部使用equals方法比较

说明：

对于Integervar=?在-128至127之间的赋值，Integer对象是在IntegerCache.cache产生，会复用已有对象，这个区间内的Integer值可以直接使用==进行判断，但是这个区间之外的所有数据，都会在堆上产生，并不会复用已有对象，这是一个大坑，推荐使用equals方法进行判断。

先看一段代码:

public class IntegerTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Integer a = 100, b = 100, c = 129, d = 129;
		System.out.println(a == b);
		System.out.println(c == d);
	}
}

返回结果:

true
false

原因看源码:

    /**
     * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between 
     * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
     *
     * The cache is initialized on first usage. During VM initialization the
     * getAndRemoveCacheProperties method may be used to get and remove any system
     * properites that configure the cache size. At this time, the size of the
     * cache may be controlled by the vm option -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>.
     */

    // value of java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property (obtained during VM init)
    private static String integerCacheHighPropValue;

    static void getAndRemoveCacheProperties() {
        if (!sun.misc.VM.isBooted()) {
            Properties props = System.getProperties();
            integerCacheHighPropValue =
                (String)props.remove("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
            if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null)
                System.setProperties(props);  // remove from system props
        }
    }

    private static class IntegerCache {
        static final int high;
        static final Integer cache[];

        static {
            final int low = -128;

            // high value may be configured by property
            int h = 127;
            if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
                // Use Long.decode here to avoid invoking methods that
                // require Integer's autoboxing cache to be initialized
                int i = Long.decode(integerCacheHighPropValue).intValue();
                i = Math.max(i, 127);
                // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
                h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - -low);
            }
            high = h;

            cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
            int j = low;
            for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
                cache[k] = new Integer(j++);
        }

        private IntegerCache() {}
    }

    /**
     * Returns a <tt>Integer</tt> instance representing the specified
     * <tt>int</tt> value.
     * If a new <tt>Integer</tt> instance is not required, this method
     * should generally be used in preference to the constructor
     * {@link #Integer(int)}, as this method is likely to yield
     * significantly better space and time performance by caching
     * frequently requested values.
     *
     * @param  i an <code>int</code> value.
     * @return a <tt>Integer</tt> instance representing <tt>i</tt>.
     * @since  1.5
     */
    public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
        if(i >= -128 && i <= IntegerCache.high)
            return IntegerCache.cache[i + 128];
        else
            return new Integer(i);
    }