VTK（Visualization Toolkit）是一个开源的、跨平台的三维可视化开发库，用于处理和可视化三维数据。它提供了一系列算法和工具，用于创建、操作和渲染复杂的三维图形，并支持多种数据表示方式，包括点、线、面、体等。VTK提供了一套高效的算法，用于可视化医学图像、流体动力学模拟、地理信息系统等领域的数据。
1、VTK源码下载
源码下载地址：https://vtk.org/download/
将VTK-9.3.1.tar.gz ，VTKData-9.3.1.tar.gz，VTKLargeData-9.3.1.tar.gz解压到同一目录，并创建build和SDK文件夹。
2、CMake设置
打开CMake-gui进行设置：
开启支持Qt编译；电脑上会自动找到对应的Qt路径（Qt已经在电脑环境变量添加过路径）。
点击“config”按钮，没有错误提示后点击“Generate”按钮，最后点击“open project”按钮打开VS工程。
3、VS编译
点击Open project 按钮打开VS项目工程，然后先选择 ALL_BUILD进行生成，随后选择INSTALL进行sdk整理。
编译后的VTK sdk如下所示：
编译好的SDK下载地址：https://download.csdn.net/download/m0_37251750/89908158
4、示例demo
编译完成后我们来验证一下VTK编译的是否正确可用。此处可以参考VTK提供的示例代码。我们用了Qt+VTK来进行验证。https://examples.vtk.org/site/。
4.1 Qt_VTK演示效果
演示效果如下图：
4.2 源码
#include <QtCore/QCoreApplication>
#include <QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget.h>
#include <vtkActor.h>
#include <vtkDataSetMapper.h>
#include <vtkDoubleArray.h>
#include <vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkPointData.h>
#include <vtkProperty.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <vtkSphereSource.h>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QDockWidget>
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QPointer>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <random>
namespace {
/**
* Deform the sphere source using a random amplitude and modes and render it in
* the window
*
* @param sphere the original sphere source
* @param mapper the mapper for the scene
* @param window the window to render to
* @param randEng the random number generator engine
*/
void Randomize(vtkSphereSource* sphere, vtkMapper* mapper,
vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow* window, std::mt19937& randEng);
} // namespace
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
QSurfaceFormat::setDefaultFormat(QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget::defaultFormat());
QApplication app(argc, argv);
// Main window.
QMainWindow mainWindow;
mainWindow.resize(1200, 900);
// Control area.
QDockWidget controlDock;
mainWindow.addDockWidget(Qt::LeftDockWidgetArea, &controlDock);
QLabel controlDockTitle("Control Dock");
controlDockTitle.setMargin(20);
controlDock.setTitleBarWidget(&controlDockTitle);
QPointer<QVBoxLayout> dockLayout = new QVBoxLayout();
QWidget layoutContainer;
layoutContainer.setLayout(dockLayout);
controlDock.setWidget(&layoutContainer);
QPushButton randomizeButton;
randomizeButton.setText("Randomize");
dockLayout->addWidget(&randomizeButton);
// Render area.
QPointer<QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget> vtkRenderWidget =
new QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget();
mainWindow.setCentralWidget(vtkRenderWidget);
// VTK part.
vtkNew<vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow> window;
vtkRenderWidget->setRenderWindow(window.Get());
vtkNew<vtkSphereSource> sphere;
sphere->SetRadius(1.0);
sphere->SetThetaResolution(100);
sphere->SetPhiResolution(100);
vtkNew<vtkDataSetMapper> mapper;
mapper->SetInputConnection(sphere->GetOutputPort());
vtkNew<vtkActor> actor;
actor->SetMapper(mapper);
actor->GetProperty()->SetEdgeVisibility(true);
actor->GetProperty()->SetRepresentationToSurface();
vtkNew<vtkRenderer> renderer;
renderer->AddActor(actor);
window->AddRenderer(renderer);
// Setup initial status.
std::mt19937 randEng(0);
::Randomize(sphere, mapper, window, randEng);
// connect the buttons
QObject::connect(&randomizeButton, &QPushButton::released,
[&]() { ::Randomize(sphere, mapper, window, randEng); });
mainWindow.show();
return app.exec();
}
namespace {
void Randomize(vtkSphereSource* sphere, vtkMapper* mapper,
vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow* window, std::mt19937& randEng)
{
// Generate randomness.
double randAmp = 0.2 + ((randEng() % 1000) / 1000.0) * 0.2;
double randThetaFreq = 1.0 + (randEng() % 9);
double randPhiFreq = 1.0 + (randEng() % 9);
// Extract and prepare data.
sphere->Update();
vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData> newSphere;
newSphere.TakeReference(sphere->GetOutput()->NewInstance());
newSphere->DeepCopy(sphere->GetOutput());
vtkNew<vtkDoubleArray> height;
height->SetName("Height");
height->SetNumberOfComponents(1);
height->SetNumberOfTuples(newSphere->GetNumberOfPoints());
newSphere->GetPointData()->AddArray(height);
// Deform the sphere.
for (int iP = 0; iP < newSphere->GetNumberOfPoints(); iP++)
{
double pt[3] = { 0.0 };
newSphere->GetPoint(iP, pt);
double theta = std::atan2(pt[1], pt[0]);
double phi =
std::atan2(pt[2], std::sqrt(std::pow(pt[0], 2) + std::pow(pt[1], 2)));
double thisAmp =
randAmp * std::cos(randThetaFreq * theta) * std::sin(randPhiFreq * phi);
height->SetValue(iP, thisAmp);
pt[0] += thisAmp * std::cos(theta) * std::cos(phi);
pt[1] += thisAmp * std::sin(theta) * std::cos(phi);
pt[2] += thisAmp * std::sin(phi);
newSphere->GetPoints()->SetPoint(iP, pt);
}
newSphere->GetPointData()->SetScalars(height);
// Reconfigure the pipeline to take the new deformed sphere.
mapper->SetInputDataObject(newSphere);
mapper->SetScalarModeToUsePointData();
mapper->ColorByArrayComponent("Height", 0);
window->Render();
}
} // namespace
普通示例：
// CylinderExample.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <vtkActor.h>
#include <vtkCamera.h>
#include <vtkCylinderSource.h>
#include <vtkNamedColors.h>
#include <vtkNew.h>
#include <vtkPolyDataMapper.h>
#include <vtkProperty.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <array>
#include <vtkAutoInit.h>
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);// VTK was built with vtkRenderingOpenGL2
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
int main(int, char* [])
{
vtkNew<vtkNamedColors> colors;
// Set the background color.
std::array<unsigned char, 4> bkg{ {26, 51, 102, 255} };
colors->SetColor("BkgColor", bkg.data());
// This creates a polygonal cylinder model with eight circumferential facets
// (i.e, in practice an octagonal prism).
vtkNew<vtkCylinderSource> cylinder;
cylinder->SetResolution(8);
// The mapper is responsible for pushing the geometry into the graphics
// library. It may also do color mapping, if scalars or other attributes are
// defined.
vtkNew<vtkPolyDataMapper> cylinderMapper;
cylinderMapper->SetInputConnection(cylinder->GetOutputPort());
// The actor is a grouping mechanism: besides the geometry (mapper), it
// also has a property, transformation matrix, and/or texture map.
// Here we set its color and rotate it around the X and Y axes.
vtkNew<vtkActor> cylinderActor;
cylinderActor->SetMapper(cylinderMapper);
cylinderActor->GetProperty()->SetColor(
colors->GetColor4d("Tomato").GetData());
cylinderActor->RotateX(30.0);
cylinderActor->RotateY(-45.0);
// The renderer generates the image
// which is then displayed on the render window.
// It can be thought of as a scene to which the actor is added
vtkNew<vtkRenderer> renderer;
renderer->AddActor(cylinderActor);
renderer->SetBackground(colors->GetColor3d("BkgColor").GetData());
// Zoom in a little by accessing the camera and invoking its "Zoom" method.
renderer->ResetCamera();
renderer->GetActiveCamera()->Zoom(1.5);
// The render window is the actual GUI window
// that appears on the computer screen
vtkNew<vtkRenderWindow> renderWindow;
renderWindow->SetSize(300, 300);
renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer);
renderWindow->SetWindowName("Cylinder");
// The render window interactor captures mouse events
// and will perform appropriate camera or actor manipulation
// depending on the nature of the events.
vtkNew<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> renderWindowInteractor;
renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
// This starts the event loop and as a side effect causes an initial render.
renderWindow->Render();
renderWindowInteractor->Start();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
4.3 项目属性设定
如果不想麻烦去一个个*.lib匹配，可以粗暴一些把所有lib文件都放进依赖项，具体操作：
cmd 进入lib文件夹，输入下面命令：dir /b *.lib>out.txt 即可快速生成包含所有lib的txt文件。
vtkGUISupportQt-9.3d.lib
vtkRenderingCore-9.3d.lib
vtkRenderingOpenGL2-9.3d.lib
vtkCommonCore-9.3d.lib
vtkCommonDataModel-9.3d.lib
vtkCommonExecutionModel-9.3d.lib
vtkFiltersCore-9.3d.lib
vtkFiltersSources-9.3d.lib
vtksys-9.3d.lib
