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LNMP架构搭建之论坛

思考的鸿毛 2022-05-23 阅读 89
mysqlnginxphp云计算

一、nginx服务安装

1.关闭防火墙将安装包全部拖入/opt目录下

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_php

2.安装依赖包

yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

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3.创建运行用户、组

Nginx 服务程序默认以 nobody 身份运行，建议为其创建专门的用户账号，以便更准确地控制其访问权限
Nginx服务程序默认以匿名运行
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

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4.编译安装Nginx

cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz
 
cd nginx-1.20.2/
./configure \    
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \               #指定nginx的安装路径
--user=nginx \                            #指定用户名
--group=nginx \                           #指定组名
--with-http_stub_status_module            #启用 http_stub_status_module 模块以支持状态统计
 
make -j2 && make install
 
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/    #让系统识别nginx的操作命令

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5.添加 Nginx 系统服务 

vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecrReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecrStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
 
chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service

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6.nginx结果验证

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二、mysql搭建

1.安装Mysql环境依赖包

yum -y install \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
ncurses \           #字符终端下图形互动功能的动态库
ncurses-devel \     #ncurses开发包
bison \             #语法分析器
cmake               #mysql需要用cmake编译安装
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake

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2.创建程序用户，便于准确控制访问用户

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_12

3.配置软件模块并编译安装

cd /opt
tar xzvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz -C /opt
 
cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
 
#编译及安装
make -j4 && make install

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_13

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4.修改mysql 配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
 
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES' > /etc/my.cnf

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_php_15

5.更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

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6.设置路径环境变量

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile  
source /etc/profile

7.初始化数据库

 
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \       #生成初始化密码为空
--user=mysql \                      #指定管理用户
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \        #指定数据库的安装目录
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   #指定数据库文件的存储路径

./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_php_17

8.添加mysqld系统服务

cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/    #用于systemctl服务管理
systemctl daemon-reload         #刷新识别     
systemctl start mysqld.service  #开启服务
systemctl enable mysqld         #开机自启动
netstat -anpt | grep 3306       #查看端口

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_18

9.修改mysql 的登录密码

mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456"   #给root账号设置密码为123456，提示输入的是原始密码（为空）

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_19

10.授权远程登录

 
mysql -u root -p
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
#授予root用户可以在所有终端远程登录，使用的密码是abc123，并对所有数据库和所有表有操作权限
 
show databases;     #查看当前已有的数据库

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_20

三、php服务搭建

1.安装GD库和GD库关联程序，用来处理和生成图片

yum -y install \
gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel

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2.配置软件模块

cd /opt
tar zxvf php-7.1.24.tar.gz
cd /opt/php-7.1.24/
 
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_php_22

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_php_23

3.编译及安装

make -j2 && make install

4.复制模版文件作为PHP 的主配置文件，并进行修改

cp /opt/php-7.1.24/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
 
 
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
--1170行--修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
--939行--取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_24

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5.优化把PHP 的可执行程序文件放入路径环境变量的目录中便于系统识别

ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
 
php -m      #查看PHP 加载了哪些模块

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_27

6.进程服务配置文件：php-fpm.conf

cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
 
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
 
17行 pid = run/php-fpm.pid'

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_28

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_29

7.扩展配置文件：www.conf

cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_30

8.启动php-fpm

ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
netstat -anpt | grep 9000

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_31

9.修改nginx服务的配置文件，让nginx支持PHP

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 
--65行--取消注释，修改
65c location ~ \.php$ {' 
66c root           html;' 
67c fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;' 
68c fastcgi_index  index.php;' 
69c fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;' 
70c include        fastcgi_params;' 
71c }' 
systemctl restart nginx.service
echo '<?php
phpinfo();
?>' > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_32

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_33

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10.验证PHP测试页

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_php_35

四、部署Discuz社区论坛

1.创建一个数据库

 
mysql -u root -p
 
mysql> CREATE DATABASE bbs;
#把bbs数据库里面所有表的权限授予给bbsuser，并设置密码
 
mysql> GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'；
 
#刷新数据库
mysql>flush privileges;
 
#解压论坛压缩包
unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/dis
 
cd /opt/dis
#上传站点更新包
cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
 
#切换论坛目录
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
 
#更改论坛目录属主（httpd安装若改配置文件为apache，则下方命令将daemon改为apache，并创建apache用户）
chown -R nginx ./config
chown -R nginx ./data
chown -R nginx ./uc_client
chown -R nginx ./uc_server/data
 
 
数据库服务器：localhost  #本地架设就用localhost，如果不是在本机上就要填写IP地址和端口号
数据库名字：bbs
数据库用户名：bbuser
数据库密码：自行输入
管理员账号：admin
管理员密码：自行输入

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_36

2.解压论坛压缩包

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_37

3.上传站点更新包

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_mysql_38

4.更改论坛目录属主

 chmod -R 777 ./config/ ./data/ ./uc_client/ ./uc_server/   ##若不行则将权限全部改为777

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_php_39

5.验证是否能登陆并注册用户

论坛页面访问
http://192.168.131.19/bbs/install/index.php

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LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_45


LNMP架构搭建之论坛_nginx_46

6.新建一个用户

LNMP架构搭建之论坛_php_47

五、一键部署lnmp脚本

#!/bin/bash
#关闭系统防火墙和安全机制
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
 
 
#======编译安装nginx服务======
#安装所需开发包和编译环境、编译器
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
#创建程序用户，便于准确控制访问
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
 
#解压安装包
cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz -C /opt/
 
#指定安装路径、指定用户名、组名、启用模块以支持统计状态
cd nginx-1.20.2/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-file-aio --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_flv_module
 
 
#编译及安装
make -j2 && make install
 
#软链接便于系统识别nginx操作命令
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
 
#添加nginx系统服务
echo '[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecrReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecrStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target' > /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
 
#赋权及开启服务、开启开机自启
chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service
 
 
 
#=======编译安装mysql服务=======
#安装Mysql环境依赖包
yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake
 
#创建程序用户，便于准确控制访问用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql
 
#编译安装
cd /opt
tar xzvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz -C /opt
 
cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
 
 
#编译及安装
make -j4 
make install
 
#修改mysql 配置文件
echo '[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES' > /etc/my.cnf
 
 
#更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
 
#设置软连接方便使用
 
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin
ln -s /usrlocal/mysql/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin
 
 
#初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
 
#添加mysqld系统服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ 
 
 
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld
 
echo -e "\033[31m mysql安装完成！\033[0m"
 
#=====PHP=======
#安装环境依赖包
yum -y install gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel
 
#编译安装
cd /opt
tar xzvf php-7.1.24.tar.gz
 
cd php-7.1.24
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip
 
make && make install
 
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
 
#主配置文件：php.ini
cp /opt/php-7.1.24/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
sed -i '1170c mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
 
sed -i '939c date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
#验证安装的模块
php -m 
 
#进程服务配置文件：php-fpm.conf
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
 
sed -i '17c pid = run/php-fpm.pid' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
 
#扩展配置文件：www.conf
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf
 
#启动php-fpm
ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
netstat -anpt | grep 9000
 
#配置 Nginx 支持 PHP 解析
#--65行--取消注释，修改
sed -i '66c location ~ \.php$ {' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
sed -i '67c root           html;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
sed -i '68c fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
sed -i '69c fastcgi_index  index.php;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
sed -i '70c fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
sed -i '71c include        fastcgi_params;' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
sed -i '72c }' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
systemctl restart nginx.service
 
echo '<?php
phpinfo();
?>' > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
k=`ip a | grep "ens33" | awk 'NR==2{print$2}' | awk -F/ '{print$1}'`
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