SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ

1.生产者SpringBootProducer

1.2 创建工程并导入依赖

我们使用的springboot版本为2.5.6，其他都是根据spring-boot-starter-parent自动选择版本

引入以下工程即可

• spring-boot-starter-test 用于测试
• junit 用于单元测试
• spring-boot-starter-amqp SpringBoot和RabbitMQ的整合方案

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.6</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>springboot-producer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

1.2 创建配置文件并配置

SpringBoot配置文件名称为application.yml

需要配置的内容如下：

# 配置RabbitMQ的基本信息
spring:
  rabbitmq:
    # 地址
    host: 192.168.52.128
    # 端口
    port: 5672
    # 用户名
    username: admin
    # 密码
    password: admin
    # 虚拟机
    virtual-host: /test

1.3 创建项目启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

1.4 创建RabbitMQ配置类

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
	// 配置代码都写在这里
}

（1）设置默认的交换机的名称和队列名称

/**
 * 默认测试的交换机机名称
 * springboot_topic_exchange
 */
public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "springboot_topic_exchange";

/**
 * 默认的队列名称
 * springboot_root_queue
 */
public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "springboot_root_queue";

（2）创建通配符类型的交换机

/**
 * 创建交换机
 *
 * @return 交换机
 */
@Bean("bootExchange")
public Exchange bootExchange() {
    // 创建一个通配符的交换机
    return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
}

（3）创建一个队列

/**
 * 创建队列
 *
 * @return 队列
 */
@Bean("bootQueue")
public Queue bootQueue() {
    return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
}

（4）绑定交换机和队列

/**
 * 绑定队列和交换机
 * 主要：队列、交换机、routing key
 *
 * @return 绑定关系
 */
@Bean
public Binding bindingQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange) {
    return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
}

（5）完整配置类

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

    /**
     * 默认测试的交换机机名称
     * springboot_topic_exchange
     */
    public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "springboot_topic_exchange";

    /**
     * 默认的队列名称
     * springboot_root_queue
     */
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "springboot_root_queue";

    /**
     * 创建交换机
     *
     * @return 交换机
     */
    @Bean("bootExchange")
    public Exchange bootExchange() {
        // 创建一个通配符的交换机
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
    }
    

    /**
     * 创建队列
     *
     * @return 队列
     */
    @Bean("bootQueue")
    public Queue bootQueue() {
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
    }

    /**
     * 绑定队列和交换机
     * 主要：队列、交换机、routing key
     *
     * @return 绑定关系
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
    }

}

1.5 测试发送消息

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class ProducerTest {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testSend() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME, "boot.name", "Spring Boot RabbitMQ");
    }
}

2.消费者SpringBootConsumer

2.1 创建工程并导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.6</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springboot-consumer</name>
    <description>springboot-consumer</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2.2 创建配置文件并配置

SpringBoot配置文件名称为application.yml

需要配置的内容如下：

# 配置RabbitMQ的基本信息
spring:
  rabbitmq:
    # 地址
    host: 192.168.52.128
    # 端口
    port: 5672
    # 用户名
    username: admin
    # 密码
    password: admin
    # 虚拟机
    virtual-host: /test

2.3 创建项目启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

2.3 创建监听器

@Component
public class RabbitMQListener {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "springboot_root_queue")
    public void listenerQueue(Message message) {
        System.out.println("RabbitMQListener:" + new String(message.getBody()));
    }
}

2.4 run

控制台如下：