02-docker系列-镜像分类以及操作（导入、导出、删除）

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​​主旨​​

本文主要介绍docker镜像的相关操作和简单命令。

​​环境​​

linux环境
docker环境

​​查看已有镜像​​

语法：docker images
实例：
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker images
  REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
  hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$

​​搜索镜像​​

语法：docker search 镜像名
实例：
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker search centos

​​下载镜像​​

语法：docker pull 镜像名:版本号 （如果不指定版本号，默认下载最新的）
实例：
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker pull centos:7
  7: Pulling from library/centos
  2d473b07cdd5: Pull complete 
  Digest: sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987
  Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:7
  docker.io/library/centos:7
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$

再次查看的时候，就会发现有这个镜像了

[yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
centos        7         eeb6ee3f44bd   4 months ago   204MB
[yunweijia@localhost ~]$

​​重命名镜像​​

语法：docker tag 原镜像名:版本号 新名字：新版本号
实例：
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker tag centos:7 yunweijia_centos:10
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker images
  REPOSITORY         TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
  hello-world        latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
  centos             7         eeb6ee3f44bd   4 months ago   204MB
  yunweijia_centos   10        eeb6ee3f44bd   4 months ago   204MB
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$

​​删除镜像​​

语法：docker rmi 镜像名:版本号
实例：
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker rmi centos:7
  Untagged: centos:7
  Untagged: centos@sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987

再次查看的时候，发现对应镜像就消失了

[yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker images
  REPOSITORY         TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
  hello-world        latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
  yunweijia_centos   10        eeb6ee3f44bd   4 months ago   204MB
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$

​​导出镜像​​

语法：docker save 镜像名:版本号 > 保存位置
实例：
  [yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker save yunweijia_centos:10 > /home/yunweijia/centos_7.tar

删除镜像，以供下面我们做导入验证

[yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker rmi yunweijia_centos:10
Untagged: yunweijia_centos:10
Deleted: sha256:eeb6ee3f44bd0b5103bb561b4c16bcb82328cfe5809ab675bb17ab3a16c517c9
Deleted: sha256:174f5685490326fc0a1c0f5570b8663732189b327007e47ff13d2ca59673db02
[yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
[yunweijia@localhost ~]$

导入镜像

语法：docker load < 保存位置
实例：
[yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker load < /home/yunweijia/centos_7.tar 
174f56854903: Loading layer [==================================================>]  211.7MB/211.7MB
Loaded image: yunweijia_centos:10
[yunweijia@localhost ~]$

再次查看现有镜像

[yunweijia@localhost ~]$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY         TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
hello-world        latest    feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
yunweijia_centos   10        eeb6ee3f44bd   4 months ago   204MB
[yunweijia@localhost ~]$

至此，镜像的简单命令介绍完毕。

下一章：docker容器的基本操作