查阅指南
A
abs()
i= -12
print(abs(i)) #12
print(abs(-10.5)) #10.5
all()
x = all((0,1,2,4))
y = all([True,False,True])
z = all(())
k = all([])
print(x, y,z,k) #结果False False True True
any()
x = any((0,1,2,3)) #123都为True
y = any((True,False,False)) #含有一个True
z = any((0,False ,'',))# 0和False以及空值都是False
print(x,y,z) #结果：True True False
B
basestring()
bin()
a = 10 #a的值为整形或长整型
print(bin(a)) #结果：0b1010
bool()
x = bool(0)
y = bool(1)
z = bool('')
print(x,y,z) #结果：False True False
bytearray()
print(bytearray()) # bytearray(b'')
print(bytearray(1))# bytearray(b'\x00')
print(bytearray('suliang',encoding='utf-8'))# bytearray(b'suliang')
C
callable()
print(callable(0)) #False
x = callable(print)
print(x) #True
def name(x):
return x+1
y = name(5)
print(y) #6
print(callable(name)) #True
chr()
print(chr(97),chr(65),chr(0x30))
#结果：a A 0
classmethod()
class A(object):
bar = 1
def func1(self):
print('foo')
@classmethod
def func2(cls):
print('func2')
print(cls.bar)
cls().func1() # 调用 foo 方法
A.func2() #结果func2,1,foo
cmp()
import operator
x = int(input("输入第一个数："))
y = int(input("输入第二个数："))
z = operator.ge(x,y)
print(z)
结果：
compile()
a = 'sliang'
b = compile(a ,'0','exec')
print(b)
# 结果：<code object <module> at 0x000001E206B1D0E0, file "0", line 1>
complex()
a = complex(5,6)
b = complex('15')
c = complex(15)
d = complex('15+2j')
print(a,b,c,d) #结果：(5+6j) (15+0j) (15+0j) (15+2j)
D
delattr()
class list:
a = 10
b = 20
c = 30
obj = list()
print(obj.b) #结果：20
# 删除属性b
delattr(list,b)
print(obj.b) #结果：NameError: name 'b' is not defined
dict()
dic = dict(name='苏凉',age = 21,num = '787991021')
print(dic)
# 结果：{'name': '苏凉', 'age': 21, 'num': '787991021'}
dir()
dic = dict(name='苏凉',age = 21,num = '787991021')
print(dic)
# 结果：{'name': '苏凉', 'age': 21, 'num': '787991021'}
a = dir(dic)
b =dir()
print(a)
print(b)
结果：
divmod()
print(divmod(11,3)) #除数为3，余数为2，返回（3，2）
#结果：（2，0）
E
enumerate()
a = ('name','age','sex')
b = list(enumerate(a,start=1))
print(b)
for i,j in enumerate(a,start=1):
print(i,j)
结果：
eval()
x = eval('4*4')
print(x) #结果：16
execfile()
with open('./1.函数.py','r',encoding='utf-8') as fp:
exec(fp.read())
F
file()
f = open('test.txt','r',encoding='utf-8')
print(f.read())
filter()
def fuc(x):
return x%2 == 0
a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
b = filter(fuc,a)
print(list(b))
# 结果：[2, 4, 6, 8]
float()
print(float(5)) #结果：5.0
print(float('15'))#结果：15.0
format()
print('name:{}，age:{}'.format('苏凉','21')) #结果：name:苏凉, age:21
frozenset()
list = [0,1,2,3]
print(list)
# 结果：[0, 1, 2, 3]
ice_list = frozenset(list)
print(ice_list)
# 结果：frozenset({0, 1, 2, 3})
G
getattr()
class list(object):
name = '苏凉'
a = list()
print(getattr(a,'name'))
#结果：苏凉
globals()
name = '苏凉'
age = 21
QQ_num = '787991021'
def list():
a = 5
b = 10
a = globals()
print(a)
结果：
H
hasattr()
class list(object):
name = 'suliang'
age = 21
QQ_num = '787991021'
a = list()
print(hasattr(a,'name')) #结果：True
print(hasattr(a,'wechat')) #结果：False
hash()
list1 = [1,2,3]
dict1 = {'a':1,'b':2,'c':3}
print(hash('test'))
print(hash(10))
print(hash(str(list1)))
print(hash(str(dict1)))
结果：
help()
help(print)
a = [1,2,3]
# help(a)
help(a.append)
hex()
a = [15,16,170]
for i in a :
b = hex(i)
print(b)
I
id()
a = 5
print(id(a))
name = 'suliang'
print(id(name))
结果：
input()
a = input('请输入：')
print(type(a))
结果：
int()
x = '787991021'
print(type(x)) #结果：<class 'str'>
a = int(x)
print(type(a)) #结果：<class 'int'>
b = int(10.52)
print(b,type(b)) #结果：10 <class 'int'>
isinstance()
a = 5
print(isinstance(a,int)) #结果：True
print(isinstance(a,str)) #结果：False
print(isinstance(a,(int,float,str))) #结果：True
issubclass()
class list1():
num1 = 1
class list2():
num2 =2
class list3(list1):
pass
print(issubclass(list1,list2)) #结果：False
print(issubclass(list3,list1)) #结果：True
iter()
x = [1,2,3,4]
for i in iter(x):
print(i)
结果：
L
len()
name ='suliang'
print(len(name)) #结果：7
list = [0,1,2,3,4,5]
print(len(list)) #结果：6
tup = (12,3,4,5,6)
print(len(tup)) #结果：5
list()
tup = (0,1,2,3,4)
print(list(tup))
#结果：[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
locals()
x = 5
def list():
global x
x = 6
name = 'suliang'
age = 21
qq_num = '787991021'
print(locals())
list()
long()
M
map()
def fc(x):
return x*5
i = map(fc,[1,2,3,4,5])
print(list(i))
#结果：[5, 10, 15, 20, 25]
max()
list = [28,32,65,48,45,21,41]
print(max(list)) #结果：65
memoryview()
x =memoryview(bytearray('abcdefg',encoding='utf-8'))
print(x[2]) #结果：99 返回c对应的ascii码值。
min()
list = [28,32,65,48,45,21,41]
print(min(list)) #结果：21
N
next()
y =[1,2,3,4,5]
x = iter(y)
count = 0
while True:
count = count+1
if count<=5:
y =next(x)
print(y)
else:
break
O
oct()
print(oct(10))
print(oct(5))
print(oct(100))
# 结果：0o12 0o5 0o144
open()
f = open('test.txt','r',encoding='utf-8')
print(f.read())
ord()
print(ord('A')) #结果：65
print(ord('a')) #结果：97
P
pow()
print(pow(2,3)) #结果：8
print(pow(2,3,5)) #结果：3
print()
print('www','baidu','com',sep='.',end=' ',)
print('百度一下')
#结果：www.baidu.com 百度一下
R
range()
print(list(range(1, 11)))
print(list(range(1,11,2))) #取步长为2
name = '苏凉'
for i in range(len(name)):
print(name[i])
结果：
repr()
list = 'name \t苏凉 \n age \t21 '
print(list)
print(repr(list))
结果：
reverse()
list = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
list.reverse()
print(list)
#结果：[6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
round()
print(round(100.531,2)) #结果：100.53
print(round(100.1149,3)) #结果：100.115
print(round(3.1415926*25,2)) #结果：78.54
S
set()
x = set('youtoo')
y = set('you')
print(x,y)
print(x&y) #交集
print(x|y) #并集
print(x-y) #差集
结果：
slice()
set_slice = slice(6) #设置切片为6
x = list(range(1,11))
print(x[set_slice]) #截取前6个数
# 结果：[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
sorted()
list = [5,2,4,6,7,2,8,9]
print(sorted(list))
#结果：[2, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
name = 'suliang'
print(sorted(name))
#结果：['a', 'g', 'i', 'l', 'n', 's', 'u']
str()
name = 'suliang'
print(str(name))
list = 'name \t苏凉 \n age \t21 '
print(str(list))
结果：
sum()
print(sum((1, 2, 3), 4)) #结果：10
print(sum((1,2),5)) #结果：8
super()
class A:
def add(self, x):
y = x + 1
print(y)
class B(A):
def add(self, x):
super().add(x)
b = B()
b.add(2) # 结果：3
T
tuple()
list = [1,2,3,4,5]
print(tuple(list)) #结果：(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
dic = {'name':'suliang','age':21}
print(tuple(dic.values())) #结果：('suliang', 21)
type()
a = 5
b = [1,2,3]
c = 'suliang'
print(type(a),type(b),type(c))
# 结果：<class 'int'> <class 'list'> <class 'str'>
print(type(a)==int)
#结果：True
V
vars()
class list:
a = 5
print(vars(list))
#结果：{'__module__': '__main__', 'a': 5, '__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'list' objects>, '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'list' objects>, '__doc__': None}
Z
zip()
x = (1,2,3)
y = (4,5,6)
z = (7,8,9)
print(list(zip(x)))
#结果：[(1,), (2,), (3,)]
n = zip(x,y,z)
print(list(n))
#结果：[(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)]
# 解压缩
o,p = zip(*zip(x,y))
print(list(o),list(p))
# 结果：[1, 2, 3] [4, 5, 6]
结语
