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React入门

醉东枫 2022-07-01 阅读 27
reacthtml数据ide前端开发

React Developer Tools.crx下载地址：​​https://pan.baidu.com/s/137XB-alpKdUS9k-5bHekrg​​

React是一个声明式的，高效的，并且灵活的用于构建用户界面的 JavaScript 库。当数据更改时，React 将有效地更新并渲染正确的组件。组件接收参数，称为 ​​props​​​(属性)，并通过 ​​render​​​ 方法返回一个显示的视图层次结构。​​render​​ 方法返回您要渲染的内容描述，然后 React 接受该描述并将其渲染到屏幕上。特别是，​​render​​ 返回一个 React 元素，这是一个渲染内容的轻量级描述。大多数 React 开发人员使用一种名为 JSX 的特殊语法，可以更容易地编写这些结构。每个组件都是封装的，因此它可以独立操作，这允许你从简单的组件构建复杂的UI。

jquery的瓶颈：

1) 一个js文件有千把行是很正常的

2) 各种ajax的callback毫无规则的在源文件里面到处乱飞

3) html代码和dom操作也是随性所欲

 

 

1.hello world

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Hello World</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="root"></div>
    <script type="text/babel">
      function formatName(user) {
        return user.firstName + ' ' + user.lastName;
      }

      const user = {
        firstName: 'xu',
        lastName: 'tongbao'
      };

      const element = (
        <h1>
          Hello, {formatName(user)}!
        </h1>
      );

      ReactDOM.render(
        element,
        document.getElementById('root')
      );
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

 

 

 

2.时钟

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Hello World</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="root"></div>
    <script type="text/babel">
      function tick() {
        const element = (
          <div>
            <h1>Hello, world!</h1>
            <h2>It is {new Date().toLocaleTimeString()}.</h2>
          </div>
        );
        ReactDOM.render(
          element,
          document.getElementById('root')
        );
      }

      setInterval(tick, 1000);
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

3.组件和属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Hello World</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="root"></div>
    <script type="text/babel">
      function Welcome(props) {
        return <h1>Hello, {props.name}</h1>;
      }

      const element = <Welcome name="xutongbao" />;
      ReactDOM.render(
        element,
        document.getElementById('root')
      );
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

4.组件引用组件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Hello World</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="root"></div>
    <script type="text/babel">
      function Welcome(props) {
        return <h1>Hello, {props.name}</h1>;
      }

      function App() {
        return (
          <div>
            <Welcome name="xutongbao" />
            <Welcome name="徐同保" />
            <Welcome name="星河" />
          </div>
        );
      }

      ReactDOM.render(
        <App />,
        document.getElementById('root')
      );
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

5.提取组件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Hello World</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="root"></div>
    <script type="text/babel">
      function formatDate(date) {
        return date.toLocaleDateString();
      }

      function Avatar(props) {
        return (
          <img className="Avatar"
               src={props.user.avatarUrl}
               alt={props.user.name} />
        );
      }

      function UserInfo(props) {
        return (
          <div className="UserInfo">
            <Avatar user={props.user} />
            <div className="UserInfo-name">
              {props.user.name}
            </div>
          </div>
        );
      }

      function Comment(props) {
        return (
          <div className="Comment">
            <UserInfo user={props.author} />
            <div className="Comment-text">
              {props.text}
            </div>
            <div className="Comment-date">
              {formatDate(props.date)}
            </div>
          </div>
        );
      }

      const comment = {
        date: new Date(),
        text: '希望你能快乐的学习react！',
        author: {
          name: '徐同保',
          avatarUrl: 'http://placekitten.com/g/64/64'
        }
      };
      ReactDOM.render(
        <Comment
          date={comment.date}
          text={comment.text}
          author={comment.author} />,
        document.getElementById('root')
      );
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

6.使用状态（state）和生命周期做的时钟

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Hello World</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="root"></div>
    <script type="text/babel">
      class Clock extends React.Component {
        constructor(props) {
          super(props);
          this.state = {date: new Date()};
        }

        componentDidMount() {
          this.timerID = setInterval(
            () => this.tick(),
            1000
          );
        }

        componentWillUnmount() {
          clearInterval(this.timerID);
        }

        tick() {
          this.setState({
            date: new Date()
          });
        }

        render() {
          return (
            <div>
              <h1>Hello, world!</h1>
              <h2>It is {this.state.date.toLocaleTimeString()}.</h2>
            </div>
          );
        }
      }

      ReactDOM.render(
        <Clock />,
        document.getElementById('root')
      );
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

7.事件（开关按钮）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>Hello World</title>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="root"></div>
    <script type="text/babel">
      class Toggle extends React.Component {
        constructor(props) {
          super(props);
          this.state = {isToggleOn: true};

          // 这个绑定是必要的，使`this`在回调中起作用
          this.handleClick = this.handleClick.bind(this);
        }

        handleClick() {
          this.setState(prevState => ({
            isToggleOn: !prevState.isToggleOn
          }));
        }

        render() {
          return (
            <button onClick={this.handleClick}>
              {this.state.isToggleOn ? 'ON' : 'OFF'}
            </button>
          );
        }
      }

      ReactDOM.render(
        <Toggle />,
        document.getElementById('root')
      );
    </script>
  </body>
</html>

8.条件渲染（登录和退出）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Hello World</title>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
class LoginControl extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleLoginClick = this.handleLoginClick.bind(this);
    this.handleLogoutClick = this.handleLogoutClick.bind(this);
    this.state = {isLoggedIn: false};
  }

  handleLoginClick() {
    this.setState({isLoggedIn: true});
  }

  handleLogoutClick() {
    this.setState({isLoggedIn: false});
  }

  render() {
    const isLoggedIn = this.state.isLoggedIn;
    
    let button = null;
    if (isLoggedIn) {
      button = <LogoutButton onClick={this.handleLogoutClick} />;
    } else {
      button = <LoginButton onClick={this.handleLoginClick} />;
    }

    return (
      <div>
        <Greeting isLoggedIn={isLoggedIn} />
        {button}
      </div>
    );
  }
}

function UserGreeting(props) {
  return <h1>Welcome back!</h1>;
}

function GuestGreeting(props) {
  return <h1>Please sign up.</h1>;
}

function Greeting(props) {
  const isLoggedIn = props.isLoggedIn;
  if (isLoggedIn) {
    return <UserGreeting />;
  }
  return <GuestGreeting />;
}

function LoginButton(props) {
  return (
    <button onClick={props.onClick}>
      Login
    </button>
  );
}

function LogoutButton(props) {
  return (
    <button onClick={props.onClick}>
      Logout
    </button>
  );
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <LoginControl />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

9.键（Keys）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Hello World</title>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
function Blog(props) {
  const sidebar = (
    <ul>
      {props.posts.map((post) =>
        <li key={post.id}>
          {post.title}
        </li>
      )}
    </ul>
  );
  const content = props.posts.map((post) =>
    <div key={post.id}>
      <h3>{post.title}</h3>
      <p>{post.content}</p>
    </div>
  );
  return (
    <div>
      {sidebar}
      <hr />
      {content}
    </div>
  );
}

const posts = [
  {id: 1, title: 'name', content: 'xutongbao'},
  {id: 2, title: '姓名', content: '徐同保'}
];
ReactDOM.render(
  <Blog posts={posts} />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

10.表单（受控元素）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Hello World</title>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
class NameForm extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {value: ''};

    this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this);
    this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
  }

  handleChange(event) {
    this.setState({value: event.target.value});
  }

  handleSubmit(event) {
    alert('A name was submitted: ' + this.state.value);
    event.preventDefault();
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
        <label>
          Name:
          <input type="text" value={this.state.value} onChange={this.handleChange} />
        </label>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
      </form>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <NameForm />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

11.表单（文件上传）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Hello World</title>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
class FileInput extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(
      this
    );
  }
  handleSubmit(event) {
    event.preventDefault();
    alert(
      `Selected file - ${
        this.fileInput.files[0].name
      }`
    );
  }

  render() {
    return (
      <form
        onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
        <label>
          Upload file:
          <input
            type="file"
            ref={input => {
              this.fileInput = input;
            }}
          />
        </label>
        <br />
        <button type="submit">
          Submit
        </button>
      </form>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <FileInput />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

12.状态提升（将公用的值以及修改该值的方法都放在父组件里）

在一个 React 应用中，对于任何可变的数据都应该循序“单一数据源”原则。通常情况下，state 首先被添加到需要它进行渲染的组件。然后，如果其它的组件也需要它，你可以提升状态到它们最近的祖先组件。你应该依赖 从上到下的数据流向 ，而不是试图在不同的组件中同步状态。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Hello World</title>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
const scaleNames = {
  c: 'Celsius',
  f: 'Fahrenheit'
};

function toCelsius(fahrenheit) {
  return (fahrenheit - 32) * 5 / 9;
}

function toFahrenheit(celsius) {
  return (celsius * 9 / 5) + 32;
}

function tryConvert(temperature, convert) {
  const input = parseFloat(temperature);
  if (Number.isNaN(input)) {
    return '';
  }
  const output = convert(input);
  const rounded = Math.round(output * 1000) / 1000;
  return rounded.toString();
}

function BoilingVerdict(props) {
  if (props.celsius >= 100) {
    return <p>The water would boil.</p>;
  }
  return <p>The water would not boil.</p>;
}

class TemperatureInput extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this);
  }

  handleChange(e) {
    this.props.onTemperatureChange(e.target.value);
  }

  render() {
    const temperature = this.props.temperature;
    const scale = this.props.scale;
    return (
      <fieldset>
        <legend>Enter temperature in {scaleNames[scale]}:</legend>
        <input value={temperature}
               onChange={this.handleChange} />
      </fieldset>
    );
  }
}

class Calculator extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleCelsiusChange = this.handleCelsiusChange.bind(this);
    this.handleFahrenheitChange = this.handleFahrenheitChange.bind(this);
    this.state = {temperature: '', scale: 'c'};
  }

  handleCelsiusChange(temperature) {
    this.setState({scale: 'c', temperature});
  }

  handleFahrenheitChange(temperature) {
    this.setState({scale: 'f', temperature});
  }

  render() {
    const scale = this.state.scale;
    const temperature = this.state.temperature;
    const celsius = scale === 'f' ? tryConvert(temperature, toCelsius) : temperature;
    const fahrenheit = scale === 'c' ? tryConvert(temperature, toFahrenheit) : temperature;

    return (
      <div>
        <TemperatureInput
          scale="c"
          temperature={celsius}
          onTemperatureChange={this.handleCelsiusChange} />
        <TemperatureInput
          scale="f"
          temperature={fahrenheit}
          onTemperatureChange={this.handleFahrenheitChange} />
        <BoilingVerdict
          celsius={parseFloat(celsius)} />
      </div>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <Calculator />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);

</script>
</body>
</html>

13.组合（children）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Hello World</title>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
.FancyBorder {
  padding: 10px 10px;
  border: 10px solid;
}

.FancyBorder-blue {
  border-color: blue;
}

.Dialog-title {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: sans-serif;
}

.Dialog-message {
  font-size: larger;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
function FancyBorder(props) {
  return (
    <div className={'FancyBorder FancyBorder-' + props.color}>
      {props.children}
    </div>
  );
}

function WelcomeDialog() {
  return (
    <FancyBorder color="blue">
      <h1 className="Dialog-title">
        Welcome
      </h1>
      <p className="Dialog-message">
        Thank you for visiting our spacecraft!
      </p>
    </FancyBorder>
  );
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <WelcomeDialog />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);
</script>
</body>
</html>

14.组合（多个占位符）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Hello World</title>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/babel-standalone@6.15.0/babel.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
html, body, #root {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

.SplitPane {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

.SplitPane-left {
  float: left;
  width: 30%;
  height: 100%;
}

.SplitPane-right {
  float: left;
  width: 70%;
  height: 100%;
}

.Contacts {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%; 
  background: lightblue;
}

.Chat {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%; 
  background: pink;
}

</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="root"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
function Contacts() {
  return <div className="Contacts" />;
}

function Chat() {
  return <div className="Chat" />;
}

function SplitPane(props) {
  return (
    <div className="SplitPane">
      <div className="SplitPane-left">
        {props.left}
      </div>
      <div className="SplitPane-right">
        {props.right}
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

function App() {
  return (
    <SplitPane
      left={
        <Contacts />
      }
      right={
        <Chat />
      } />
  );
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <App />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);

</script>
</body>
</html>

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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