nginx rewrite实战实例

　　本部分内容为nginx生产环境中使用的场景示例。

域名跳转（域名重定向）

示例1（不带条件的）：
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name www.aminglinux.com;
    rewrite /(.*) http://www.aming.com/$1 permanent;
    .......
    
}

示例2（带条件的）：
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name www.aminglinux.com aminglinux.com;
    if ($host != 'www.aminglinux.com')
    {
        rewrite /(.*) http://www.aminglinux.com/$1 permanent;
    }
    .......   
}

示例3（http跳转到https）：
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name www.aminglinux.com;
    rewrite /(.*) https://www.aminglinux.com/$1 permanent;
    .......    
}

示例4（域名访问二级目录）
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name bbs.aminglinux.com;
    rewrite /(.*) http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/$1 last;
    .......
}

示例5（静态请求分离）
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name www.aminglinux.com;
    location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js)$
    {
        rewrite /(.*) http://img.aminglinux.com/$1 permanent;
    }
    .......  
}

或者：

server{
    listen 80;
    server_name www.aminglinux.com;
    if ( $uri ~* 'jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js$')
    {
        rewrite /(.*) http://img.aminglinux.com/$1 permanent;
    }
    .......
}

防盗链：

示例6
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name www.aminglinux.com;
    location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|rar|zip|flv)$
    {
        valid_referers none blocked server_names *.aminglinux.com aminglinux.com *.aming.com aming.com;
        if ($invalid_referer)
        {
            rewrite /(.*) http://img.aminglinux.com/images/forbidden.png;
        }
    }
    .......
}

说明：*这里是通配，跟正则里面的*不是一个意思，none指的是referer不存在的情况（curl -e 测试），
      blocked指的是referer头部的值被防火墙或者代理服务器删除或者伪装的情况，
      该情况下，referer头部的值不以http://或者https://开头（curl -e 后面跟的referer不以http://或者https://开头）。
或者：

    location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|rar|zip|flv)$
    {
        valid_referers none blocked server_names *.aminglinux.com *.aming.com aminglinux.com aming.com;
        if ($invalid_referer)
        {
            return 403;
        }
    }

伪静态：

示例7(discuz伪静态)：
location /  {
    rewrite ^([^\.]*)/topic-(.+)\.html$ $1/portal.php?mod=topic&topic=$2 last;
    rewrite ^([^\.]*)/forum-(\w+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forum.php?mod=forumdisplay&fid=$2&page=$3 last;
    rewrite ^([^\.]*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=$2&extra=page%3D$4&page=$3 last;
    rewrite ^([^\.]*)/group-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forum.php?mod=group&fid=$2&page=$3 last;
    rewrite ^([^\.]*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/home.php?mod=space&$2=$3 last;
    rewrite ^([^\.]*)/(fid|tid)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/index.php?action=$2&value=$3 last;
}

rewrite多个条件的并且：

示例8：
location /{
    set $rule 0;
    if ($document_uri !~ '^/abc')
    {
        set $rule "${rule}1";
    }
    if ($http_user_agent ~* 'ie6|firefox')
    {
       set $rule "${rule}2";
    }
    if ($rule = "012")
    {
        rewrite /(.*) /abc/$1 redirect;
    }
}