列表实例

1、去除重复数

def eliminateDuplicates(lst):
   result=[]
   for i in lst:
       if i not in result:
           result.append(i)
   return result

def main():
    lst = [1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 6, 3, 4, 5, 2]
    list = eliminateDuplicates(lst)
    print(list)

main()

2、冒泡排序

# 冒泡排序
import random
def BubbleSort(lst):
    GoOnFlag=True
    m=len(lst)-1
    while m>0 and GoOnFlag:
        GoOnFlag=False
        for i in range(m):
            if lst[i]>lst[i+1]:
                lst[i],lst[i+1]=lst[i+1],lst[i]
                GoOnFlag=True
        m-=1
def main():
    lst=[x for x in range(12)]
    random.shuffle(lst)
    print(lst)
    BubbleSort(lst)
    print(lst)
main()

3、双向冒泡排序

# 双向冒泡排序:从小到大
import random

def BubbleSort(lst):
    left = 0
    right = len(lst) - 1
    while left < len(lst)-1:
        for i in range(left + 1, len(lst)):
            if lst[i] < lst[left]:
                lst[i], lst[left] = lst[left], lst[i]
        left += 1
        for i in range(right-1 , left-1,-1):
            if lst[i] > lst[right]:
                lst[i], lst[right] = lst[right], lst[i]
        right-=1
    return lst

def main():
    lst = [x for x in range(12)]
    while True:
        random.shuffle(lst)
        print(lst)
        BubbleSort(lst)
        print(lst)
        
main()

4、冒泡排序动态

from tkinter import *
import time
import random
listLength = 50
height = 600
width = 800

class BubbleSort():
    def __init__(self, mywin):
        self.win = mywin
        self.list = [x for x in range(1, listLength+1)]
        self.barwidth = (width-20)//listLength
        self.height = (height-30)//listLength
        self.left= (width-listLength*self.barwidth)//2
        self.reset()

    def reset(self):
        random.shuffle(self.list)
        self.drawRect(-1,50)

    def drawRect(self,move,flag):

        self.win.canvas.delete("line")
        for i in range(len(self.list)):
            color = "white"
            if i == move:
                color = "RED"
            if i > flag:
                color = "BLUE"
            self.win.canvas.create_rectangle(i * self.barwidth+self.left, height-10,
                                             (i+1) * self.barwidth+self.left,
                                             height-10-self.height * self.list[i],
                                             fill=color, tag="line")
            self.win.canvas.create_text(i * self.barwidth+self.left+self.barwidth/2,
                                        height-18-self.height * self.list[i],
                                        text=str(self.list[i]), tag="line")
        self.win.canvas.after(100)
        self.win.canvas.update()

    def sort(self):
        for i in range(0,len(self.list)-1):
            for j in range(0,len(self.list)-i-1):
                if self.list[j] > self.list[j+1]:
                    temp = self.list[j]
                    self.list[j] = self.list[j+1]
                    self.list[j+1] = temp
                    self.drawRect(j+1,len(self.list)-i-1)

class SortWin():
    def __init__(self):
        self.win = Tk()
        self.win.title("Bubble Sort")  # Set a title
        self.canvas = Canvas(self.win, bg="white", width=width, height=height)
        self.canvas.pack()
        self.frame = Frame(self.win)
        self.frame.pack()
        self.label = Label(self.frame, text="冒泡排序法")
        self.label.pack(side=LEFT)
        self.btStep1 = Button(self.frame, text="Begin", command=self.begin)
        self.btStep1.pack(side=LEFT)
        self.btStep2 = Button(self.frame, text="Reset", command=self.reset)
        self.btStep2.pack(side=LEFT)
    def begin(self):
        self.bubbleSort.sort()
    def reset(self):
        self.bubbleSort.reset()
    def show(self):
        self.bubbleSort = BubbleSort(self)
        self.win.mainloop()

main = SortWin()
main.show()

5、选择排序

from tkinter import *
import random

height = 600
width = 800


class InsertSort():
    def __init__(self, mywin, list):
        self.isStop=False
        self.window = mywin
        self.list = list
        self.listLength = len(self.list)
        self.barwidth = (width - 20) // self.listLength  # 单位宽度
        self.height = (height - 30) // self.listLength  # 单位高度
        self.left = (width - self.listLength * self.barwidth) // 2
        self.reset()

    def reset(self):
        self.drawRect(-1, 0)

    def drawRect(self, current, finishFlag):
        if  not self.isStop :
            self.window.canvas.delete("line")
            for i in range(len(self.list)):
                color = "white"
                if i == current:
                    color = "RED"
                if 0<= i < finishFlag:
                    color = "BLUE"

                self.window.canvas.create_rectangle(i * self.barwidth + self.left, height - 10,
                                                    (i + 1) * self.barwidth + self.left,
                                                    height - 10 - self.height * self.list[i],
                                                    fill=color, tag="line")
                self.window.canvas.create_text(i * self.barwidth + self.left + self.barwidth / 2,
                                               height - 18 - self.height * self.list[i],
                                               text=str(self.list[i]), tag="line")

            self.window.canvas.after(100)
            self.window.canvas.update()

    def sort(self):
        for i in range(len(self.list)):
            currentMin = self.list[i]
            currentMinIndex = i
            self.drawRect(i,i-1)
            for j in range(i + 1, len(self.list)):
                if currentMin > self.list[j]:
                    currentMin = self.list[j]
                    currentMinIndex = j
                    self.drawRect(j,i)
            if currentMinIndex != i:
                self.list[currentMinIndex] = self.list[i]
                self.list[i] = currentMin
                self.drawRect(i,i)
        self.drawRect(i,len(self.list))


class SortWin():
    def __init__(self):
        self.window = Tk()
        self.window.title("Insert Sort")

        self.canvas = Canvas(self.window, bg="white", width=width, height=height)
        self.canvas.pack()

        self.frame = Frame(self.window)
        self.frame.pack()
        self.label = Label(self.frame, text="插入排序法")
        self.label.pack(side=LEFT)
        self.btStep1 = Button(self.frame, text="Begin", command=self.begin)
        self.btStep1.pack(side=LEFT)
        self.btStep2 = Button(self.frame, text="Reset", command=self.reset)
        self.btStep2.pack(side=LEFT)
        self.btExit= Button(self.frame, text="Exit", command=self.exit).pack(side=LEFT)
        self.btStop= Button(self.frame, text="Stop", command=self.stop).pack(side=LEFT)

        self.list = [x for x in range(1, 21)]
        random.shuffle(self.list)

    def begin(self):
        self.insertSort.isStop=False
        self.insertSort.sort()

    def reset(self):
        self.insertSort.isStop=False
        random.shuffle(self.list)
        self.insertSort = InsertSort(self, self.list)
        self.insertSort.sort()


    def show(self):
        self.insertSort = InsertSort(self, self.list)
        self.window.mainloop()

    def exit(self):
        self.insertSort.isStop=True
        self.window.quit()

    def stop(self):
        self.insertSort.isStop=True
        return self.list


main = SortWin()
main.show()

6.弹珠屏保（转载），比普通动画多了一个功能就是全屏

转自
​​​ https://www.baidu.com/link?url=XRzhHeuUn9eaPX22bWem5OWneJlSy71ytWhtXh_HQg4fLkfwxqVZCSDQSIz4SKtAE4YOv728AzDOVL35YzpAFywGIi5IGXi7r08DvVMscaS&wd=&eqid=ae4f2f4b00066b4d000000065e5dcf9f​​

import random
import tkinter
import tkinter.messagebox


class RandomBall():
    '''
    单个球定义、运动的类
    '''
    def __init__(self, root_canvas, width, height):
        '''
        参数说明：
        canvas：从ScreenSaver类中传入的画布
        width，height：从SS类中传入的宽高，即屏幕宽高
        '''

        # 将传入变量赋为RB类的属性
        self.canvas = root_canvas
        self.width = width
        self.height = height

        # 随机生成球的中心坐标
        self.xcenter = random.randint(100, width-100)
        self.ycenter = random.randint(100, height-100)
        # 随机生成球的运动速度
        self.xvelocity = random.randint(8,16)
        self.yvelocity = random.randint(8,16)
        # 计算球的半径
        self.radius = random.randint(60, 100)
        # 利用十六进制随机数与lambda表达式生成球的颜色
        # RGB表示法：三个数字，每个数字的值是0-255之间，表示红绿蓝三个颜色的大小
        # 在某些系统中，直接用英文单词表示也可以，比如red，green
        color = lambda : random.randint(0,255)
        self.color = '#%02x%02x%02x' % (color(),color(),color())

    # 创建球的函数
    def create_ball(self):
        '''
        用构造函数定义的变量值，在canvas上画一个球
        '''
        # tkinter没有画圆形函数
        # 只有一个画椭圆函数，画椭圆需要定义两个坐标，
        # 在一个长方形内画椭圆，我们只需要定义长方形左上角和右下角就好
        # 求两个坐标的方法是，已知圆心的坐标，则圆心坐标减去半径能求出
        # 左上角坐标，加上半径能求出右下角坐标(向右x为正，向下y为正)
        xleftup = self.xcenter - self.radius
        yleftup = self.ycenter - self.radius
        xrightdown = self.xcenter + self.radius
        yrightdown = self.ycenter + self.radius
        # 创建球
        self.item = self.canvas.create_oval(xleftup,yleftup,
                                            xrightdown,yrightdown,
                                            fill=self.color,
                                            outline=self.color)

    # 球运动的函数
    def move_ball(self):
        # 计算球移动后的中心点坐标
        self.xcenter += self.xvelocity
        self.ycenter += self.yvelocity
        # 当球与边框发生碰撞时，需要进行回弹操作，即对应方向的速度取负
        if self.xcenter + self.radius >= self.width:
            self.xvelocity = - self.xvelocity
        if self.xcenter - self.radius <= 0:
            self.xvelocity = - self.xvelocity
        if self.ycenter + self.radius >= self.height:
            self.yvelocity = - self.yvelocity
        if self.ycenter - self.radius <= 0:
            self.yvelocity = - self.yvelocity
        # 在canvas上移动球,前提是create_ball已经调用
        self.canvas.move(self.item, self.xvelocity, self.yvelocity)



class ScreenSaver():
    '''
    屏保定义类
    程序启动
    '''
    def __init__(self):
        # 创建球存储列表
        self.balls = []
        # 随机生成球的数量
        self.num = random.randint(10,20)

        # 利用tkinter生成root窗口
        self.root = tkinter.Tk()
        # 获取屏幕宽、高尺寸
        root_w, root_h = self.root.winfo_screenwidth(), self.root.winfo_screenheight()
        # 取消边框
        self.root.overrideredirect(1)
        # 绑定退出函数与相应动作
        self.root.bind('<Motion>', self.myquit)
        self.root.bind('<Key>', self.myquit)
        self.root.bind('<Any-Button>', self.myquit)

        # 创建画布，配置尺寸与颜色属性
        self.canvas = tkinter.Canvas(self.root, width=root_w, height=root_h)
        self.canvas.pack()

        # 利用循环与RandomBall类在画布上画球，并append到列表中
        for i in range(self.num):
            ball = RandomBall(self.canvas, width=root_w, height=root_h)
            ball.create_ball()
            self.balls.append(ball)

        # 调用球运动函数
        self.run_screen_saver()
        # 启用tkinter时间消息循环mainloop
        self.root.mainloop()

    # 球运动函数
    def run_screen_saver(self):
        # 循环实例化的ball调用move_ball函数
        for ball in self.balls:
            ball.move_ball()
        # 使用after实现递归，通过不断调用各球的move_ball函数，实现位置刷新
        self.root.after(50, self.run_screen_saver)

    # 停止运行
    # 此处e只是利用了事件处理机制,际上并不关心事件的类型
    def myquit(self, e):
        # 扩展：
        # 此屏保程序扩展成，一旦捕获事件，则判断屏保不退出
        # 显示一个Button，Button上显示事件类型，点击Button后屏保才退出
        if tkinter.messagebox.askokcancel("彩球碰撞", '确定退出？'):
            self.root.destroy()
        else:
            pass


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 启动屏保
    ScreenSaver()