Shiro认证、角色、权限

Apache Shiro 是 Java 的一个安全框架。
Shiro 可以帮助我们完成：认证、授权、加密、会话管理、与 Web 集成、缓存等。

Shiro的内置Realm：IniRealm和JdbcRealm

编写测试案例之前需要添加shiro的相关依赖：

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.45</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.6</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

项目的目录结构：

一、使用SimpleAccountRealm测试认证授权

SimpleAccountRealm功能简单，不能实现权限功能，很多时候需要自己重新定义。

package com.czhappy.test;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.SimpleAccountRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * 测试shiro认证授权
 */

public class AuthenticationTest {

    SimpleAccountRealm simpleAccountRealm = new SimpleAccountRealm();

    @Before
    public void addUser(){
        simpleAccountRealm.addAccount("chen", "123456", "admin");
    }

    @Test
    public void testAuthentication(){
        //创建SecurityManager环境
        DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(simpleAccountRealm);
        //主体提交认证请求
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("chen", "123456");
        subject.login(token);

        System.out.println("isAuthenticated="+subject.isAuthenticated());

        //验证角色授权
        subject.checkRole("admin");
        //退出
        subject.logout();

    }
}

二、使用IniRealm测试认证授权

编写user.ini文件：

[users]
chen=123456,admin
[roles]
admin=user:delete,user:update

编写测试案例：

package com.czhappy.test;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * IniRealm测试
 */
public class IniRealmTest {

    @Test
    public void testAuthentication() {
        IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:user.ini");
        //创建SecurityManager环境
        DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);
        //主体提交认证请求
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("chen", "123456");
        subject.login(token);

        System.out.println("isAuthenticated=" + subject.isAuthenticated());
        subject.checkRole("admin");
        subject.checkPermission("user:delete");

    }
}

三、使用JdbcRealm测试认证授权

使用JdbcRealm需要连接数据操作，在此我们新建三张表

由于使用的是系统自己JdbcRealm，操作数据库需要和源码中的表名一致.

package com.czhappy.test;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.jdbc.JdbcRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
 * JdbcRealm测试
 */

public class JdbcRealmTest {

    DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
    {
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("root");
    }

    @Test
    public void testAuthentication() {
        JdbcRealm jdbcRealm = new JdbcRealm();
        jdbcRealm.setDataSource(dataSource);
        //权限开关打开，默认是关闭的
        jdbcRealm.setPermissionsLookupEnabled(true);
        //创建SecurityManager环境
        DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(jdbcRealm);
        //主体提交认证请求
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("chen", "123456");
        subject.login(token);

        System.out.println("isAuthenticated=" + subject.isAuthenticated());

        subject.checkRole("admin");
        subject.checkPermission("user:select");

    }

}

四、自己编写sql的调用JdbcRealm认证授权

新建2张表

package com.czhappy.test;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.jdbc.JdbcRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * JdbcRealm测试
 */

public class SelfJdbcRealmTest {

    DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
    {
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("root");
    }

    @Test
    public void testAuthentication() {
        JdbcRealm jdbcRealm = new JdbcRealm();
        jdbcRealm.setDataSource(dataSource);
        //权限开关打开，默认是关闭的
        jdbcRealm.setPermissionsLookupEnabled(true);

        String sql = "select password from test_user where user_name = ?";
        jdbcRealm.setAuthenticationQuery(sql);

        String roleSql = "select role_name from test_user_roles where user_name = ?";
        jdbcRealm.setUserRolesQuery(roleSql);

        //创建SecurityManager环境
        DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(jdbcRealm);
        //主体提交认证请求
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("zhangsan", "654321");
        subject.login(token);

        System.out.println("isAuthenticated=" + subject.isAuthenticated());

        subject.checkRole("user");
//        subject.checkPermission("user:select");

    }

}

权限的测试可以参照角色，创建表、编写相关的sql语句

五、自定义Realm实现认证授权

package com.czhappy.realm;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthenticatingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * 自定义Realm
 */
public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    Map<String, String> userMap = new HashMap<String, String>(16);
    {
        userMap.put("chen", "123456");
        super.setName("customRealm");
    }

    //角色权限验证
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        String userName = (String) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
        //从数据库或者缓存中获取角色数据
        Set<String> roleSet = getRolesByUserName(userName);

        //从数据库或者缓存中获取权限数据
        Set<String> permissionSet = getPermissionsByUserName(userName);

        SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        simpleAuthorizationInfo.setRoles(roleSet);
        simpleAuthorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(permissionSet);
        return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
    }

    /**
     * 模拟从数据库或者缓存中获取权限数据
     * @param userName
     * @return
     */
    private Set<String> getPermissionsByUserName(String userName) {
        Set<String> sets = new HashSet<String>();
        sets.add("user:add");
        sets.add("user:delete");
        return sets;
    }

    /**
     * 模拟从数据库或者缓存中获取角色数据
     * @param userName
     * @return
     */
    private Set<String> getRolesByUserName(String userName) {
        Set<String> sets = new HashSet<String>();
        sets.add("admin");
        sets.add("user");
        return sets;
    }

    //登录验证
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        //从主体传过来的认证信息中获取用户名
        String userName = (String) authenticationToken.getPrincipal();
        //通过用户名到数据库中获取凭证
        String password = getPasswordByUsername(userName);

        if(password == null){
            return null;
        }
        SimpleAuthenticationInfo simpleAuthenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo
                (userName, password, "customRealm");
        return simpleAuthenticationInfo;
    }

    /**
     * 模拟数据库访问
     * @param userName
     * @return
     */
    private String getPasswordByUsername(String userName) {
        return userMap.get(userName);
    }
}

测试认证授权：

package com.czhappy.test;

import com.czhappy.realm.CustomRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.junit.Test;

public class CustomRealmTest {

    @Test
    public void testAuthentication() {
        CustomRealm customRealm = new CustomRealm();
        //创建SecurityManager环境
        DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(customRealm);
        //主体提交认证请求
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("chen", "123456");
        subject.login(token);

        System.out.println("isAuthenticated=" + subject.isAuthenticated());
        subject.checkRole("admin");
        subject.checkPermissions("user:delete", "user:add");

    }
}