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快速入门Vue

钵仔糕的波波仔 2022-04-04 阅读 107
vue.js

文章目录

Vue基础

Vue简介

  1. JavaScript框架
  2. 简化DOM操作
  3. 响应式的数据驱动

第一个Vue程序

Vue文档官网地址

  1. 导入开发版本的Vue.js
  2. 创建Vue实例对象，设置el属性和data属性
  3. 使用简洁的模板语法把数据渲染到页面上
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>Vue基础</title>
</head>
<body>
  <div id="app">
    {{message}}
  </div>

  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/vue.js"></script>

  <script>
    var app = new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        data: {
          message: 'Hello Vue!'
        }
      })
  </script>
</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述

el:挂载点

el使用来设置Vue实例挂载（管理）的元素

Vue实例的作用范围是什么呢？

Vue会管理el选项命中的元素以及其内部的后代元素

是否可以使用其他的选择器？

可以使用其他的，但是建议使用id选择器，一般只有一个

是否可以设置其他的dom元素呢？

可以使用其他的双标签，不能使用HTML和body，建议使用div来挂载

data:数据对象

  1. Vue中用到的数据定义在data中
  2. data中可以写复杂类型的数据
  3. 渲染复杂类型数据时，遵守js的语法即可
<body>
  <div id="app">
    {{message}}
    <p>{{ star.name}} <span>{{star.phone}}</span></p>
    <ul>
      <li>address[0]</li>
    </ul>
  </div>

  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/vue.js"></script>

  <script>
    var app = new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        data: {
          message: 'Hello Vue!',
          star : {
            name : 'zhangsan',
            phone : 177777777
          },
          address: ['北京','上海','深圳']
        }
      })
  </script>
</body>

在这里插入图片描述

本地应用

  1. 通过Vue实现常见的网页效果
  2. 学习Vue指令，以案例巩固知识点
  3. Vue指令指的是 以v-开头的一组特殊语法

内容绑定、事件绑定

v-text

设置标签的文本值，内部也支持写表达式
在这里插入图片描述

v-html

设置标签的innderHTML
在这里插入图片描述v-html指令的作用是：设置元素的innerHTML
内容中有html结构会被解析为标签
v-text指令无论内容是什么，只会解析为文本
解析文本使用v-text，需要解析html结构使用v-html

v-on基础

为元素绑定事件
可以使用v-on:或者@
绑定的方法定义在methods属性中
方法内部通过this关键字可以访问定义在data中的数据

<body>
  <div id="app">
    <input type="button" @click="doStudy" value="v-on">
    <input type="button" value="双击事件" @dblclick="doStudy">

    <h2 @click="changeFood">{{food}}</h2>
  </div>

  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/vue.js"></script>

  <script>
    var app = new Vue({
        el: '#app',
        data: {
          food:'西蓝花'
        },
        methods: {
          doStudy() {
            alert('STUDY')
          },
          changeFood() {
            this.food += 'just so so'
          }
        },
      })
  </script>
</body>

计数器

  1. data中定义数据：比如num
  2. methods中添加两个方法：add()递增、sub()递减
  3. 使用v-text将num设置给span标签
  4. 使用v-on将add，sub分别绑定给+、-两个按钮
  5. 累加的逻辑：小于10累加，否则提示
  6. 递减的逻辑：大于0递减，否则提示
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
      #app {
        width: 480px;
        height: 100px;
        margin: 200px auto;
      }
      .input-num {
        margin-top: 20px;
        height: 100%;
        display: flex;
        border-radius: 10px;
        overflow: hidden;
        box-shadow: 0 0 4px black;
      }
      .input-num button {
        width: 150px;
        height: 100%;
        font-size: 40px;
        color: gray;
        cursor: pointer;
        border: none;
        outline: none;
      }
      .input-num span {
        height: 100%;
        font-size: 40px;
        flex: 1;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 100px;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="app">
      <!-- 计数器 -->
      <div class="input-num">
        <button @click="sub">-</button>
        <span v-text="num"></span>
        <button @click="add">+</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>
<!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<!-- 编码 -->
<script>
  // 创建Vue实例
  var app = new Vue({
    el: "#app",
    data: {
      num: 1
    },
    methods: {
      add: function() {
        if(this.num < 10) {
          this.num++
        }else {
          alert('别点了，最大了')
        }
      },
      sub: function() {
        if(this.num > 0) {
          this.num--;
        }else {
          alert('最小啦')
        }
      }
    }
  });
</script>

显示切换、属性绑定

v-show

根据表达式的真假，切换元素的显示与隐藏
原理是修改元素的display，实现显示隐藏
指令后面的内容，最终都会解析为布尔值
值为true显示，false隐藏
数据改变之后，对应元素的显示状态会同步更新

<body>
    <div id="app">
      <input type="button" value="切换显示状态" @click="changeIsShow">
      <input type="button" value="累加年龄" @click="addAge">
      <img v-show="isShow" src="./img/monkey.gif" alt="">
      <img v-show="age>=18" src="./img/monkey.gif" alt="">
    </div>
    <!-- 1.开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script>
      var app = new Vue({
        el:"#app",
        data:{
          isShow:false,
          age:17
        },
        methods: {
          changeIsShow:function(){
            this.isShow = !this.isShow;
          },
          addAge:function(){
            this.age++;
          }
        },
      })
    </script>
  </body>

v-if

根据表达式的真假切换元素的显示状态
本质是通过操作dom元素来切换显示状态
表达式的值为true，元素存在于dom树中，为false，从dom树中移除
频繁的切换v-show，反之使用v-if，前者的切换消耗小

v-bind

设置元素的属性比如src、title、class
v-bind指令的作用是：为元素绑定属性
完整写法：v-bind:属性名
简写的话可以直接省略v-bind,只保留:属性名
需要动态的增删class建议使用对象的方式

图片切换

  1. 定义图片数组
  2. 添加图片索引
  3. 绑定src属性 v-bind
  4. 图片切换逻辑 v-on
  5. 显示状态切换 v-show

html部分：

<body>
  <div id="mask">
    <div class="center">
      <h2 class="title">
        图片切换
      </h2>
      <!-- 图片 -->
      <img :src="imgArr[index]" alt="" />
      <!-- 左箭头 -->
      <!-- <a href="javascript:void(0)" v-show="index!=0" @click="prev" class="left">
        <img src="./img/prev.png" alt="" />
      </a> -->
      <a href="javascript:void(0)" v-if="index!=0" @click="prev" class="left">
        <img src="./img/prev.png" alt="" />
      </a>
      <!-- 右箭头 -->
      <a href="javascript:void(0)" v-show="index<imgArr.length-1" @click="next" class="right">
        <img src="./img/next.png" alt="" />
      </a>
    </div>
  </div>

  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>

  <script>
    var app = new Vue({
      el: "#mask",
      data: {
        imgArr: [
          "./img/00.png",
          "./img/01.png",
          "./img/02.jpg",
          "./img/03.png",
          "./img/04.png",
          "./img/05.png",
          "./img/06.png",
          "./img/07.png",
          "./img/08.png",

        ],
        index: 0
      },
      methods: {
        prev: function () {
          this.index--;
        },
        next: function () {
          this.index++;
        }
      },
    })
  </script>
</body>

style部分

* {
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }

    html,
    body,
    #mask {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
    }

    #mask {
      background-color: #c9c9c9;
      position: relative;
    }

    #mask .center {
      position: absolute;
      background-color: #fff;
      left: 50%;
      top: 50%;
      transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
      padding: 10px;
    }

    #mask .center .title {
      position: absolute;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      height: 56px;
      top: -61px;
      left: 0;
      padding: 5px;
      padding-left: 10px;
      padding-bottom: 0;
      color: rgba(175, 47, 47, 0.8);
      font-size: 26px;
      font-weight: normal;
      background-color: white;
      padding-right: 50px;
      z-index: 2;
    }

    #mask .center .title img {
      height: 40px;
      margin-right: 10px;
    }

    #mask .center .title::before {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      width: 0;
      height: 0;
      border: 65px solid;
      border-color: transparent transparent white;
      top: -65px;
      right: -65px;
      z-index: 1;
    }

    #mask .center>img {
      display: block;
      width: 700px;
      height: 458px;
    }

    #mask .center a {
      text-decoration: none;
      width: 45px;
      height: 100px;
      position: absolute;
      top: 179px;
      vertical-align: middle;
      opacity: 0.5;
    }

    #mask .center a :hover {
      opacity: 0.8;
    }

    #mask .center .left {
      left: 15px;
      text-align: left;
      padding-right: 10px;
      border-top-right-radius: 10px;
      border-bottom-right-radius: 10px;
    }

    #mask .center .right {
      right: 15px;
      text-align: right;
      padding-left: 10px;
      border-top-left-radius: 10px;
      border-bottom-left-radius: 10px;
    }

实现效果

列表循环、表单元素绑定

v-for

根据数据生成列表结构
数组经常和v-for结合使用
语法是{item，index}in 数据
item和index可以结合其他指令使用

 <div id="app">
    <input type="button" @click="add" value="添加">
    <input type="button" @click="remove" value="移除">
    <ul>
      <li v-for="(item, index) in arr">{{index+1}}-{{item}}</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  
  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/vue.js"></script>

  <script>
    var app = new Vue({
      el:'#app',
      data: {
        arr:[1,2,3,4,5]
      },
      methods:{
        add() {
          this.arr.push('STUDY')
        },
        remove() {
          this.arr.pop()
        }
      }
    })
  </script>

v-on补充

传递自定义参数，事件修饰符

<div id="app">
    <input type="button" @click="doIt('keep','study')" value="按钮">
    <input type="text" @keyup.enter="sayHi">
  </div>
  
  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/vue.js"></script>

  <script>
    var app = new Vue({
      el:'#app',
      methods:{
        doIt(p1,p2) {
          alert(p1+p2)
        },
        sayHi() {
          alert('你好呀')
        }
      }
    })
  </script>

v-model

获取和设置表单元素的值（双向数据绑定）

<div id="app">
    <input type="button" @click="updateMsg" value="修改">
    <input type="text" v-model="message" @keyup.enter="doIt" size="30">
    <h3>{{message}}</h3>
  </div>
  
  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/vue.js"></script>

  <script>
    var app = new Vue({
      el:'#app',
      data:{
        message:'选择一条路，然后就这样走下去'
      },
      methods:{
       doIt()  {
         alert('按下enter')
       },
       updateMsg() {
         this.message = 'keep doing'
         alert('修改了message')
       }
      }
    })
  </script>

记事本

新增

  1. 生成列表结构 v-for 数组
  2. 获取用户输入 v-model
  3. 回车，新增数据 v-on .enter添加数据

删除

点击删除指定内容 v-on splice 索引

数据改变和数据绑定的元素通过改变
事件的自定义参数
splice方法的作用

统计

统计信息的个数 数组的长度 list.length

清空

点击清除所有信息 v-on 清空数组

隐藏

没有数据时，隐藏元素 v-show v-if 数组非空

实现代码
<body>
  <!-- 主体区域 -->
  <section id="todoapp">
    <!-- 输入框 -->
    <header class="header">
      <h1>记事本</h1>
      <input v-model="inputValue" @keyup.enter="add" autofocus="autofocus" autocomplete="off" placeholder="请输入任务"
        class="new-todo" />
    </header>
    <!-- 列表区域 -->
    <section class="main">
      <ul class="todo-list">
        <li class="todo" v-for="(item,index) in list">
          <div class="view">
            <span class="index">{{ index+1 }}.</span>
            <label>{{ item }}</label>
            <button class="destroy" @click="remove(index)"></button>
          </div>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </section>
    <!-- 统计和清空 -->
    <footer class="footer" v-show="list.length">
      <span class="todo-count" >
        <strong>{{list.length}}</strong> items left
      </span>
      <button class="clear-completed" @click="clear">
        Clear
      </button>
    </footer>
  </section>
  
  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
  <script>
    var app = new Vue({
      el: "#todoapp",
      data: {
        list: [],
        inputValue: ""
      },
      methods: {
        add: function () {
          this.list.push(this.inputValue);
          this.inputValue = ''
        },
        remove: function (index) {
          this.list.splice(index, 1);
        },

        clear() {
          this.list = []
        }
      },
    })
  </script>
</body>

css

<style>
    html,
    body {
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }

    body {
      background: #fff;
    }

    button {
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      border: 0;
      background: none;
      font-size: 100%;
      vertical-align: baseline;
      font-family: inherit;
      font-weight: inherit;
      color: inherit;
      -webkit-appearance: none;
      appearance: none;
      -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
      -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    }

    body {
      font: 14px "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
      line-height: 1.4em;
      background: #f5f5f5;
      color: #4d4d4d;
      min-width: 230px;
      max-width: 550px;
      margin: 0 auto;
      -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
      -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
      font-weight: 300;
    }

    :focus {
      outline: 0;
    }

    .hidden {
      display: none;
    }

    #todoapp {
      background: #fff;
      margin: 180px 0 40px 0;
      position: relative;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 25px 50px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    }

    #todoapp input::-webkit-input-placeholder {
      font-style: italic;
      font-weight: 300;
      color: #e6e6e6;
    }

    #todoapp input::-moz-placeholder {
      font-style: italic;
      font-weight: 300;
      color: #e6e6e6;
    }

    #todoapp input::input-placeholder {
      font-style: italic;
      font-weight: 300;
      color: gray;
    }

    #todoapp h1 {
      position: absolute;
      top: -160px;
      width: 100%;
      font-size: 60px;
      font-weight: 100;
      text-align: center;
      color: rgba(175, 47, 47, .8);
      -webkit-text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
      -moz-text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
      text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
    }

    .new-todo,
    .edit {
      position: relative;
      margin: 0;
      width: 100%;
      font-size: 24px;
      font-family: inherit;
      font-weight: inherit;
      line-height: 1.4em;
      border: 0;
      color: inherit;
      padding: 6px;
      border: 1px solid #999;
      box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
      box-sizing: border-box;
      -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
      -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    }

    .new-todo {
      padding: 16px;
      border: none;
      background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.003);
      box-shadow: inset 0 -2px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
    }

    .main {
      position: relative;
      z-index: 2;
      border-top: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
    }

    .toggle-all {
      width: 1px;
      height: 1px;
      border: none;
      /* Mobile Safari */
      opacity: 0;
      position: absolute;
      right: 100%;
      bottom: 100%;
    }

    .toggle-all+label {
      width: 60px;
      height: 34px;
      font-size: 0;
      position: absolute;
      top: -52px;
      left: -13px;
      -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg);
      transform: rotate(90deg);
    }

    .toggle-all+label:before {
      content: "❯";
      font-size: 22px;
      color: #e6e6e6;
      padding: 10px 27px 10px 27px;
    }

    .toggle-all:checked+label:before {
      color: #737373;
    }

    .todo-list {
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      list-style: none;
      max-height: 420px;
      overflow: auto;
    }

    .todo-list li {
      position: relative;
      font-size: 24px;
      border-bottom: 1px solid #ededed;
      height: 60px;
      box-sizing: border-box;
    }

    .todo-list li:last-child {
      border-bottom: none;
    }

    .todo-list .view .index {
      position: absolute;
      color: gray;
      left: 10px;
      top: 20px;
      font-size: 16px;
    }

    .todo-list li .toggle {
      text-align: center;
      width: 40px;
      /* auto, since non-WebKit browsers doesn't support input styling */
      height: auto;
      position: absolute;
      top: 0;
      bottom: 0;
      margin: auto 0;
      border: none;
      /* Mobile Safari */
      -webkit-appearance: none;
      appearance: none;
    }

    .todo-list li .toggle {
      opacity: 0;
    }

    .todo-list li .toggle+label {
      /*
		Firefox requires `#` to be escaped - https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=922433
		IE and Edge requires *everything* to be escaped to render, so we do that instead of just the `#` - https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/platform/issues/7157459/
	*/
      background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A//www.w3.org/2000/svg%22%20width%3D%2240%22%20height%3D%2240%22%20viewBox%3D%22-10%20-18%20100%20135%22%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%2250%22%20cy%3D%2250%22%20r%3D%2250%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20stroke%3D%22%23ededed%22%20stroke-width%3D%223%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      background-position: center left;
    }

    .todo-list li .toggle:checked+label {
      background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A//www.w3.org/2000/svg%22%20width%3D%2240%22%20height%3D%2240%22%20viewBox%3D%22-10%20-18%20100%20135%22%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%2250%22%20cy%3D%2250%22%20r%3D%2250%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20stroke%3D%22%23bddad5%22%20stroke-width%3D%223%22/%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%235dc2af%22%20d%3D%22M72%2025L42%2071%2027%2056l-4%204%2020%2020%2034-52z%22/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    }

    .todo-list li label {
      word-break: break-all;
      padding: 15px 15px 15px 60px;
      display: block;
      line-height: 1.2;
      transition: color 0.4s;
    }

    .todo-list li.completed label {
      color: #d9d9d9;
      text-decoration: line-through;
    }

    .todo-list li .destroy {
      display: none;
      position: absolute;
      top: 0;
      right: 10px;
      bottom: 0;
      width: 40px;
      height: 40px;
      margin: auto 0;
      font-size: 30px;
      color: #cc9a9a;
      margin-bottom: 11px;
      transition: color 0.2s ease-out;
    }

    .todo-list li .destroy:hover {
      color: #af5b5e;
    }

    .todo-list li .destroy:after {
      content: "×";
    }

    .todo-list li:hover .destroy {
      display: block;
    }

    .todo-list li .edit {
      display: none;
    }

    .todo-list li.editing:last-child {
      margin-bottom: -1px;
    }

    .footer {
      color: #777;
      padding: 10px 15px;
      height: 20px;
      text-align: center;
      border-top: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
    }

    .footer:before {
      content: "";
      position: absolute;
      right: 0;
      bottom: 0;
      left: 0;
      height: 50px;
      overflow: hidden;
      box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 8px 0 -3px #f6f6f6,
        0 9px 1px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 16px 0 -6px #f6f6f6,
        0 17px 2px -6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    }

    .todo-count {
      float: left;
      text-align: left;
    }

    .todo-count strong {
      font-weight: 300;
    }

    .filters {
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
      list-style: none;
      position: absolute;
      right: 0;
      left: 0;
    }

    .filters li {
      display: inline;
    }

    .filters li a {
      color: inherit;
      margin: 3px;
      padding: 3px 7px;
      text-decoration: none;
      border: 1px solid transparent;
      border-radius: 3px;
    }

    .filters li a:hover {
      border-color: rgba(175, 47, 47, 0.1);
    }

    .filters li a.selected {
      border-color: rgba(175, 47, 47, 0.2);
    }

    .clear-completed,
    html .clear-completed:active {
      float: right;
      position: relative;
      line-height: 20px;
      text-decoration: none;
      cursor: pointer;
    }

    .clear-completed:hover {
      text-decoration: underline;
    }

    .info {
      margin: 50px auto 0;
      color: #bfbfbf;
      font-size: 15px;
      text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
      text-align: center;
    }

    .info p {
      line-height: 1;
    }

    .info a {
      color: inherit;
      text-decoration: none;
      font-weight: 400;
    }

    .info a:hover {
      text-decoration: underline;
    }

    /*
	Hack to remove background from Mobile Safari.
	Can't use it globally since it destroys checkboxes in Firefox
*/
    @media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 0) {

      .toggle-all,
      .todo-list li .toggle {
        background: none;
      }

      .todo-list li .toggle {
        height: 40px;
      }
    }

    @media (max-width: 430px) {
      .footer {
        height: 50px;
      }

      .filters {
        bottom: 10px;
      }
    }
  </style>
演示

网络应用

axios的基本使用

在这里插入图片描述在这里插入图片描述

<body>
    <input type="button" value="get请求" class="get">
    <input type="button" value="post请求" class="post">
    <!-- 官网提供的 axios 在线地址 -->
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        /*
            接口1:随机笑话
            请求地址:https://autumnfish.cn/api/joke/list
            请求方法:get
            请求参数:num(笑话条数,数字)
            响应内容:随机笑话
        */
        document.querySelector(".get").onclick = function () {
            axios.get("https://autumnfish.cn/api/joke/list?num=6")
            // axios.get("https://autumnfish.cn/api/joke/list1234?num=6")
            .then(function (response) {
                console.log(response);
              },function(err){
                  console.log(err);
              })
        }
        /*
             接口2:用户注册
             请求地址:https://autumnfish.cn/api/user/reg
             请求方法:post
             请求参数:username(用户名,字符串)
             响应内容:注册成功或失败
         */
        document.querySelector(".post").onclick = function () {
            axios.post("https://autumnfish.cn/api/user/reg",{username:"zhangsan"})
            .then(function(response){
                console.log(response);
                console.log(this.skill);
            },function (err) {
                console.log(err);
              })
          }

    </script>
</body>

在这里插入图片描述
文档传送门

axios+vue

<body>
    <div id="app">
        <input type="button" value="获取笑话" @click="getJoke">
        <p> {{ joke }}</p>
    </div>
    <!-- 官网提供的 axios 在线地址 -->
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
    <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <script>
        /*
            接口:随机获取一条笑话
            请求地址:https://autumnfish.cn/api/joke
            请求方法:get
            请求参数:无
            响应内容:随机笑话
        */
        var app = new Vue({
            el:"#app",
            data:{
                joke:"很好笑的笑话"
            },
            methods: {
                getJoke:function(){
                    // console.log(this.joke);
                    var that = this;
                    axios.get("https://autumnfish.cn/api/joke").then(function(response){
                        // console.log(response)
                        console.log(response.data);
                        // console.log(this.joke);
                        that.joke = response.data;
                    },function (err) {  })
                }
            },
        })

    </script>
</body>

天知道

查询天气的应用
功能：回车查询、点击查询
回车查询
在这里插入图片描述在这里插入图片描述

演示

代码

<body>
  <div class="wrap" id="app">
    <div class="search_form">
      <div class="logo"><img src="img/logo.png" alt="logo" /></div>
      <div class="form_group">
        <input type="text" v-model="city" @keyup.enter="searchWeather" class="input_txt" placeholder="请输入查询的天气" />
        <button class="input_sub" @click="searchWeather">
          搜 索
        </button>
      </div>
      <div class="hotkey">
        <a href="javascript:;" @click="changeCity('北京')">北京</a>
        <a href="javascript:;" @click="changeCity('上海')">上海</a>
        <a href="javascript:;" @click="changeCity('广州')">广州</a>
        <a href="javascript:;" @click="changeCity('深圳')">深圳</a>
      </div>
    </div>
    <ul class="weather_list">
      <li v-for="item in weatherList">
        <div class="info_type"><span class="iconfont">{{ item.type }}</span></div>
        <div class="info_temp">
          <b>{{ item.low }}</b>
          ~
          <b>{{ item.high }}</b>
        </div>
        <div class="info_date"><span>{{ item.date }}</span></div>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
  <!-- 官网提供的 axios 在线地址 -->
  <script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
  <!-- 自己的js -->
  <script>
    /*
  请求地址:http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini
  请求方法:get
  请求参数:city(城市名)
  响应内容:天气信息

  1. 点击回车
  2. 查询数据
  3. 渲染数据
  */
    var app = new Vue({
      el: "#app",
      data: {
        city: '',
        weatherList: []
      },
      methods: {
        searchWeather: function () {
          //  console.log('天气查询');
          //  console.log(this.city);
          // 调用接口
          // 保存this
          var that = this;
          axios.get('http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?city=' + this.city)
            .then(function (response) {
              // console.log(response);
              console.log(response.data.data.forecast);
              that.weatherList = response.data.data.forecast
            })
            .catch(function (err) { 
              console.log(err)
            })
        },
        changeCity(city) {
          this.city = city
          this.searchWeather()
        }
      },
    })
  </script>
</body>

  <style>
    body,
    ul,
    h1,
    h2,
    h3,
    h4,
    h5,
    h6 {
      margin: 0;
      padding: 0;
    }

    h1,
    h2,
    h3,
    h4,
    h5,
    h6 {
      font-size: 100%;
      font-weight: normal;
    }

    a {
      text-decoration: none;
    }

    ul {
      list-style: none;
    }

    img {
      border: 0px;
    }

    /* 清除浮动，解决margin-top塌陷 */
    .clearfix:before,
    .clearfix:after {
      content: '';
      display: table;
    }

    .clearfix:after {
      clear: both;
    }

    .clearfix {
      zoom: 1;
    }

    .fl {
      float: left;
    }

    .fr {
      float: right;
    }

    body {
      font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei';
    }

    .wrap {
      position: fixed;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      /* background: radial-gradient(#f3fbfe, #e4f5fd, #8fd5f4); */
      /* background:#8fd5f4; */
      /* background: linear-gradient(#6bc6ee, #fff); */
      background: #fff;

    }

    .search_form {
      width: 640px;
      margin: 100px auto 0;
    }

    .logo img {
      display: block;
      margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .form_group {
      width: 640px;
      height: 40px;
      margin-top: 45px;
    }

    .input_txt {
      width: 538px;
      height: 38px;
      padding: 0px;
      float: left;
      border: 1px solid #41a1cb;
      outline: none;
      text-indent: 10px;
    }

    .input_sub {
      width: 100px;
      height: 40px;
      border: 0px;
      float: left;
      background-color: #41a1cb;
      color: #fff;
      font-size: 16px;
      outline: none;
      cursor: pointer;
      position: relative;
    }

    .input_sub.loading::before {
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      background: url('../img/loading.gif');
    }

    .hotkey {
      margin: 3px 0 0 2px;
    }

    .hotkey a {
      font-size: 14px;
      color: #666;
      padding-right: 15px;
    }

    .weather_list {
      height: 200px;
      text-align: center;
      margin-top: 50px;
      font-size: 0px;
    }

    .weather_list li {
      display: inline-block;
      width: 140px;
      height: 200px;
      padding: 0 10px;
      overflow: hidden;
      position: relative;
      background: url('../img/line.png') right center no-repeat;
      background-size: 1px 130px;
    }

    .weather_list li:last-child {
      background: none;
    }

    /* .weather_list .col02{
    background-color: rgba(65, 165, 158, 0.8);
}
.weather_list .col03{
    background-color: rgba(94, 194, 237, 0.8);
}
.weather_list .col04{
    background-color: rgba(69, 137, 176, 0.8);
}
.weather_list .col05{
    background-color: rgba(118, 113, 223, 0.8);
} */


    .info_date {
      width: 100%;
      height: 40px;
      line-height: 40px;
      color: #999;
      font-size: 14px;
      left: 0px;
      bottom: 0px;
      margin-top: 15px;
    }

    .info_date b {
      float: left;
      margin-left: 15px;
    }

    .info_type span {
      color: #fda252;
      font-size: 30px;
      line-height: 80px;
    }

    .info_temp {
      font-size: 14px;
      color: #fda252;
    }

    .info_temp b {
      font-size: 13px;
    }

    .tem .iconfont {
      font-size: 50px;
    }
  </style>

综合应用

音乐播放器

歌曲搜索

在这里插入图片描述

歌曲播放

在这里插入图片描述

歌曲封面

在这里插入图片描述

歌曲评论

在这里插入图片描述

播放动画

在这里插入图片描述

mv播放

在这里插入图片描述

源码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
  <title>Document</title>
  <!-- 样式 -->
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/index.css">
</head>

<body>
  <div class="wrap">
    <div class="play_wrap" id="player">
      <div class="search_bar">
        <img src="images/player_title.png" alt="" />
        <!-- 搜索歌曲 -->
        <input type="text" autocomplete="off" v-model='query' @keyup.enter="searchMusic();" />
      </div>
      <div class="center_con">
        <!-- 搜索歌曲列表 -->
        <div class='song_wrapper' ref='song_wrapper'>
          <ul class="song_list">
            <li v-for="item in musicList">
              <!-- 点击放歌 -->
              <a href="javascript:;" @click='playMusic(item.id)'></a>
              <b>{{item.name}}</b>
              <span>
                <i @click="playMv(item.mvid)" v-if="item.mvid!=0"></i>
              </span>
            </li>

          </ul>
          <img src="images/line.png" class="switch_btn" alt="">
        </div>
        <!-- 歌曲信息容器 -->
        <div class="player_con" :class="{playing:isPlay}">
          <img src="images/player_bar.png" class="play_bar" />
          <!-- 黑胶碟片 -->
          <img src="images/disc.png" class="disc autoRotate" />
          <img :src="coverUrl==''?'./images/cover.png':coverUrl" class="cover autoRotate" />
        </div>
        <!-- 评论容器 -->
        <div class="comment_wrapper" ref='comment_wrapper'>
          <h5 class='title'>热门留言</h5>
          <div class='comment_list'>

            <dl v-for="item in hotComments">
              <dt>
                <img :src="item.user.avatarUrl" alt="" />
              </dt>
              <dd class="name">{{item.user.nickname}}</dd>
              <dd class="detail">
                {{item.content}}
              </dd>
            </dl>
          </div>
          <img src="images/line.png" class="right_line">
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="audio_con">
        <audio ref='audio' @play="play" @pause="pause" :src="musicUrl" controls autoplay loop class="myaudio"></audio>
      </div>
      <div class="video_con" v-show="showVideo">
        <video ref='video' :src="mvUrl" controls="controls"></video>
        <div class="mask" @click="closeMv"></div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <!-- 开发环境版本，包含了有帮助的命令行警告 -->
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
  <!-- 官网提供的 axios 在线地址 -->
  <script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    // 设置axios的基地址
    axios.defaults.baseURL = 'https://autumnfish.cn';
    // axios.defaults.baseURL = 'http://localhost:3000';



    // 实例化vue
    var app = new Vue({
      el: "#player",
      data: {
        // 搜索关键字
        query: '',
        // 歌曲列表
        musicList: [],
        // 歌曲url
        musicUrl: '',
        // 是否正在播放
        isPlay: false,
        // 歌曲热门评论
        hotComments: [],
        // 歌曲封面地址
        coverUrl: '',
        // 显示视频播放
        showVideo: false,
        // mv地址
        mvUrl: ''
      },
      // 方法
      methods: {
        // 搜索歌曲
        searchMusic() {
          if (this.query == 0) {
            return
          }
          axios.get('/search?keywords=' + this.query).then(response => {
            // 保存内容
            this.musicList = response.data.result.songs;

          })

          // 清空搜索
          this.query = ''
        },
        // 播放歌曲
        playMusic(musicId) {
          // 获取歌曲url
          axios.get('/song/url?id=' + musicId).then(response => {
            // 保存歌曲url地址
            this.musicUrl = response.data.data[0].url
          })
          // 获取歌曲热门评论
          axios.get('/comment/hot?type=0&id=' + musicId).then(response => {
            // console.log(response)
            // 保存热门评论
            this.hotComments = response.data.hotComments

          })
          // 获取歌曲封面
          axios.get('/song/detail?ids=' + musicId).then(response => {
            // console.log(response)
            // 设置封面
            this.coverUrl = response.data.songs[0].al.picUrl
          })

        },
        // audio的play事件
        play() {
          this.isPlay = true
          // 清空mv的信息
          this.mvUrl = ''
        },
        // audio的pause事件
        pause() {
          this.isPlay = false
        },
        // 播放mv
        playMv(vid) {
          if (vid) {
            this.showVideo = true;
            // 获取mv信息
            axios.get('/mv/url?id=' + vid).then(response => {
              // console.log(response)
              // 暂停歌曲播放
              this.$refs.audio.pause()
              // 获取mv地址
              this.mvUrl = response.data.data.url
            })
          }
        },
        // 关闭mv界面
        closeMv() {
          this.showVideo = false
          this.$refs.video.pause()
        },
        // 搜索历史记录中的歌曲
        historySearch(history) {
          this.query = history
          this.searchMusic()
          this.showHistory = false;
        }
      },

    })

  </script>
</body>

</html>


body,
ul,
dl,
dd {
  margin: 0px;
  padding: 0px;
}

.wrap {
  position: fixed;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: url("../images/bg.jpg") no-repeat;
  background-size: 100% 100%;
}

.play_wrap {
  width: 800px;
  height: 544px;
  position: fixed;
  left: 50%;
  top: 50%;
  margin-left: -400px;
  margin-top: -272px;
  /* background-color: #f9f9f9; */
}

.search_bar {
  height: 60px;
  background-color: #1eacda;
  border-top-left-radius: 4px;
  border-top-right-radius: 4px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 11;
}

.search_bar img {
  margin-left: 23px;
}

.search_bar input {
  margin-right: 23px;
  width: 296px;
  height: 34px;
  border-radius: 17px;
  border: 0px;
  background: url("../images/zoom.png") 265px center no-repeat
    rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
  text-indent: 15px;
  outline: none;
}

.center_con {
  height: 435px;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  display: flex;
  position: relative;
}

.song_wrapper {
  width: 200px;
  height: 435px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  padding: 10px;
  list-style: none;
  position: absolute;
  left: 0px;
  top: 0px;
  z-index: 1;
}

.song_stretch {
  width: 600px;
}

.song_list {
  width: 100%;
  overflow-y: auto;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  height: 100%;
}
.song_list::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;
}

.song_list li {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #333;
  height: 40px;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  width: 580px;
  padding-left: 10px;
}

.song_list li:nth-child(odd) {
  background-color: rgba(240, 240, 240, 0.3);
}

.song_list li a {
  display: block;
  width: 17px;
  height: 17px;
  background-image: url("../images/play.png");
  background-size: 100%;
  margin-right: 5px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.song_list li b {
  font-weight: normal;
  width: 122px;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.song_stretch .song_list li b {
  width: 200px;
}

.song_stretch .song_list li em {
  width: 150px;
}

.song_list li span {
  width: 23px;
  height: 17px;
  margin-right: 50px;
}
.song_list li span i {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  cursor: pointer;
  background: url("../images/table.png") left -48px no-repeat;
}

.song_list li em,
.song_list li i {
  font-style: normal;
  width: 100px;
}

.player_con {
  width: 400px;
  height: 435px;
  position: absolute;
  left: 200px;
  top: 0px;
}

.player_con2 {
  width: 400px;
  height: 435px;
  position: absolute;
  left: 200px;
  top: 0px;
}

.player_con2 video {
  position: absolute;
  left: 20px;
  top: 30px;
  width: 355px;
  height: 265px;
}

.disc {
  position: absolute;
  left: 73px;
  top: 60px;
  z-index: 9;
}
.cover {
  position: absolute;
  left: 125px;
  top: 112px;
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  border-radius: 75px;
  z-index: 8;
}
.comment_wrapper {
  width: 180px;
  height: 435px;
  list-style: none;
  position: absolute;
  left: 600px;
  top: 0px;
  padding: 25px 10px;
}
.comment_wrapper .title {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.comment_wrapper .comment_list {
  overflow: auto;
  height: 410px;
}
.comment_wrapper .comment_list::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;
}
.comment_wrapper dl {
  padding-top: 10px;
  padding-left: 55px;
  position: relative;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.comment_wrapper dt {
  position: absolute;
  left: 4px;
  top: 10px;
}

.comment_wrapper dt img {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 20px;
}

.comment_wrapper dd {
  font-size: 12px;
}

.comment_wrapper .name {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #333;
  padding-top: 5px;
}

.comment_wrapper .detail {
  color: #666;
  margin-top: 5px;
  line-height: 18px;
}
.audio_con {
  height: 50px;
  background-color: #f1f3f4;
  border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
}
.myaudio {
  width: 800px;
  height: 40px;
  margin-top: 5px;
  outline: none;
  background-color: #f1f3f4;
}
/* 旋转的动画 */
@keyframes Rotate {
  from {
    transform: rotateZ(0);
  }
  to {
    transform: rotateZ(360deg);
  }
}
/* 旋转的类名 */
.autoRotate {
  animation-name: Rotate;
  animation-iteration-count: infinite;
  animation-play-state: paused;
  animation-timing-function: linear;
  animation-duration: 5s;
}
/* 是否正在播放 */
.player_con.playing .disc,
.player_con.playing .cover {
  animation-play-state: running;
}

.play_bar {
  position: absolute;
  left: 200px;
  top: -10px;
  z-index: 10;
  transform: rotate(-25deg);
  transform-origin: 12px 12px;
  transition: 1s;
}
/* 播放杆 转回去 */
.player_con.playing .play_bar {
  transform: rotate(0);
}
/* 搜索历史列表 */
.search_history {
  position: absolute;
  width: 296px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  list-style: none;
  right: 23px;
  top: 50px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  border-radius: 17px;
}
.search_history li {
  line-height: 24px;
  font-size: 12px;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.switch_btn {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  top: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.right_line {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
}
.video_con video {
  position: fixed;
  width: 800px;
  height: 546px;
  left: 50%;
  top: 50%;
  margin-top: -273px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  z-index: 990;
}
.video_con .mask {
  position: fixed;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 980;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}
.video_con .shutoff {
  position: fixed;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  background: url("../images/shutoff.png") no-repeat;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: 400px;
  margin-top: -273px;
  top: 50%;
  z-index: 995;
}

演示

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