@ComponentScan 详解

@ComponentScan 的作用就是根据定义的扫描路径，把符合扫描规则的类装配到spring容器中，注解定义如下。

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Documented
@Repeatable(ComponentScans.class)
public @interface ComponentScan {
    @AliasFor("basePackages")
    String[] value() default {};

    @AliasFor("value")
    String[] basePackages() default {};

    Class<?>[] basePackageClasses() default {};

    Class<? extends BeanNameGenerator> nameGenerator() default BeanNameGenerator.class;

    Class<? extends ScopeMetadataResolver> scopeResolver() default AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver.class;

    ScopedProxyMode scopedProxy() default ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT;

    String resourcePattern() default "**/*.class";

    boolean useDefaultFilters() default true;

    ComponentScan.Filter[] includeFilters() default {};

    ComponentScan.Filter[] excludeFilters() default {};

    boolean lazyInit() default false;

    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Target({})
    public @interface Filter {
        FilterType type() default FilterType.ANNOTATION;

        @AliasFor("classes")
        Class<?>[] value() default {};

        @AliasFor("value")
        Class<?>[] classes() default {};

        String[] pattern() default {};
    }
}

basePackages与value:  用于指定包的路径，进行扫描

basePackageClasses: 用于指定某个类的包的路径进行扫描

nameGenerator: bean的名称的生成器

useDefaultFilters: 是否开启对@Component，@Repository，@Service，@Controller的类进行检测

includeFilters: 包含的过滤条件

            FilterType.ANNOTATION：按照注解过滤

            FilterType.ASSIGNABLE_TYPE：按照给定的类型

            FilterType.ASPECTJ：使用ASPECTJ表达式

            FilterType.REGEX：正则

            FilterType.CUSTOM：自定义规则

excludeFilters: 排除的过滤条件，用法和includeFilters一样

我的工程结构如下，测试对controller和service的扫描，其中HelloController没有加@Controller等任何注解，就是一个普通类。

修改配置类如下：应用默认的过滤器，扫描service包：

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = "com.xhx.spring.service",
        useDefaultFilters = true
)
public class MyConfig {
}

系统注入了两个service进去

改成如下所示：HelloController所在的包的类也被扫描了进去

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = "com.xhx.spring.service",
        useDefaultFilters = true,
        basePackageClasses = HelloController.class
)
public class MyConfig {
}

系统中会注入下面就给类

把默认的过滤器关掉，扫描带Controller注解的。

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = "com.xhx.spring",
        useDefaultFilters = false,
        includeFilters = {
            @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,classes = {Controller.class})
        }
)
public class MyConfig {
}

按照类的类型扫描，虽然HelloController没有加注解，但是被注入到了spring容器中

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = "com.xhx.spring",
        useDefaultFilters = false,
        includeFilters = {
            @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ASSIGNABLE_TYPE,classes = {HelloController.class})
        }
)
public class MyConfig {
}

自定义扫描过滤器

package com.xhx.spring.componentscan.config;

import org.springframework.core.type.classreading.MetadataReader;
import org.springframework.core.type.classreading.MetadataReaderFactory;
import org.springframework.core.type.filter.TypeFilter;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * xuhaixing
 * 2018/9/18 23:07
 **/
public class MyTypeFilter implements TypeFilter {
    @Override
    public boolean match(MetadataReader metadataReader, MetadataReaderFactory metadataReaderFactory) throws IOException {
        String className = metadataReader.getClassMetadata().getClassName();
        if(className.contains("Controller")){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

修改配置类

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = "com.xhx.spring",
        useDefaultFilters = false,
        includeFilters = {
            @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM,classes = {MyTypeFilter.class})
        }
)
public class MyConfig {
}

输出结果：

输出spring容器中的bean的测试类：只过滤输出了名字中含有hello的类。

package com.xhx.spring.componentscan;

import com.xhx.spring.componentscan.config.MyConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ComponentScanApplicationTests {

    @Test
    public void testLoads() {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
        List<String> hello = Arrays.stream(context.getBeanDefinitionNames()).collect(Collectors.toList());
        hello.stream().filter(name->name.contains("hello")).peek(System.out::println).count();
    }

}

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