提高MySQL服务的性能，响应速度：
1.替换有问题的硬件：内存，CPU，磁盘
2.服务的配置参数的配置
3.SQL的优化
1.服务参数的配置：
1.1 连接数，连接超时：
max_connections=1000
connect_timeout=50#等待建立连接的超时数，只有在登录时有效，默认是10秒
wait_timeout=120#等待关闭连接的不活动的超时时间，默认8小时，28800秒
2.优化SQL查询：
2.0 slow_query_log=1
2.1 slow_query_log_file=mysql-slow.log
2.2 long_query_time=5
2.3 log_queries_not_using_indexes=1
service mysql restart
#mysqldumpslow
3.理想比率
mysql> show global status like 'Max_used_connections';
+----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------+
| Max_used_connections | 28 |
+----------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like '%max_connections%';
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| max_connections | 151 |
+-----------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
'Max_used_connections' / max_connections <85%
#######################################
mysql> show global status like 'open%tables%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Open_tables | 64 |
| Opened_tables | 4994 | 大-->缓存太小，不断的打开表
+---------------+-------+
mysql> show variables like 'table_open_cache';
+------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+-------+
| table_open_cache | 64 | -- 设置成max_connection 512
+------------------+-------+
set global table_open_cache=1024;
javascript:void(0)
Open_tables / Opened_tables >= 0.85
Open_tables / table_open_cache <= 0.95
4.缓存参数控制：
mysql> show variables like 'thread%size';
+-------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------+-------+
| thread_cache_size | 0 | -- 可重用线程数
+-------------------+-------+
mysql> show global status like 'threads%';
+-------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------+-------+
| Threads_cached | 0 |
| Threads_connected | 27 | 线程重用情况
| Threads_created | 91 |
| Threads_running | 2 |
+-------------------+-------+
Threads_created表示创建过的线程数，如果发现Threads_created值过大的话，
表明 MySQL服务器一直在创建线程，这也是比较耗资源，可以适当增加配置文件中thread_cache_size值
https://www.landui.com/help/show-1609.html3.utf-8
CREATE DATABASE db_name DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
用一个例子来演示会更加清晰
