基于Ubuntu18.04 tftp+apache2+grub搭建PXE系统(EFI模式)
apt-get install tftpd-hpa
apt-get install apache2
mkdir /iso
mount -o loop ubuntu-18.04.6-server-amd64.iso /iso
rsync -av --progress /iso/install /var/lib/tftpboot/
rsync -av --progress /iso/boot/grub /var/lib/tftpboot/
mkdir /var/www/html/ks/UBT18046-x86_64 -p
rsync -av --progress /iso/* /var/www/html/ks/UBT18046-x86_64/
apt-get install shim-signed grub-efi-amd64-signed
mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/grub
cp -rv /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi-signed/grubnetx64.efi.signed /var/lib/tftpboot/grubx64.efi
cp -rv /usr/lib/shim/shimx64.efi.signed /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/BOOTx64.efi
vi /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub.cfg
if loadfont /grub/font.pf2 ; then
set gfxmode=auto
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod gfxterm
terminal_output gfxterm
fi
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
set timeout=-1 （-1代表需要手动回车，以免正常服务器重启被误重装）
menuentry "Install Ubuntu Server 18.04.6" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /install/netboot/ubuntu-installer/amd64/linux netcfg/disable_autoconfig=true netcfg/choose_interface=ens3f0 netcfg/confirm_static=true netcfg/get_ipaddress=10.0.0.3 netcfg/get_netmask=255.255.255.0 netcfg/get_gateway=10.0.0.1 netcfg/get_nameservers=10.0.0.30 netcfg/get_hostname=aa netcfg/get_domain=ming.com --- auto=true url=10.0.0.5/ks/preseed/ubt18046.seed quiet
initrd /install/netboot/ubuntu-installer/amd64/initrd.gz
}
:wq!
DHCP设置为grubx64.efi
PXE过程中到配置软件源的时候如果出现Downloading a file failed，可以点击Cancel—Save debug logs—web（查看报错log）,如果系统装好了，可以在系统/var/log/installer/syslog看log
ISO里有preseed示例，可以在它基础上修改，/var/www/html/ks/UBT18046-x86_64/doc/install/manual/example-preseed.txt.gz
cp -rv /var/www/html/ks/UBT18046-x86_64/doc/install/manual/example-preseed.txt.gz /var/www/html/ks/UBT18046-x86_64/preseed/
cd /var/www/html/ks/UBT18046-x86_64/preseed/
gunzip example-preseed.txt.gz
mv example-preseed.txt example-preseed.seed
example-preseed.seed内容示例：
d-i debian-installer/local string en_US
d-i console-configuration/layoutcode string de
d-i mirror/country string manual
d-i mirror/http/hostname string 10.0.0.5 （PXE本机ip）
d-i mirror/http/directory string /ks/UBT18046-x86_64
d-i mirror/http/proxy string
d-i passwd/root-login boolean false
d-i passwd/make-user boolean true
#d-i passwd/root-password password xxxxx
#d-i passwd/root-password-again password xxxxx
d-i passwd/user-fullname string ming
d-i passwd/username string ming
d-i passwd/user-password password xxxxx
d-i passwd/user-password-again password xxxxx
#d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password [crypt(3) hash]
d-i user-setup/allow-password-weak boolean true
d-i user-setup/encrypt-home boolean false
d-i passwd/user-default-groups string sudo
d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true d-i time/zone string Asia/Shanghai
d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true
d-i clock-setup/ntp-server string ntp.ming.com
d-i partman-basicfilesystems/choose_label string gpt
d-i partman-basicfilesystems/default_label string gpt
d-i partman-partitioning/choose_label string gpt
d-i partman-partitioning/default_label string gpt
d-i partman/choose_label string gpt
d-i partman/default_label string gpt
d-i partman-auto/disk string /dev/sda
d-i partman-auto/method string regular
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select boot-root
d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \
boot-root :: \
1024 1024 1024 ext4 \
$primary{ } \
$bootable{ } \
method{ efi } \
format{ } \
mountpoint{ /boot/efi } \
. \
307200 307200 307200 ext4 \
method{ format } \
format{ } \
use_filesystem{ } \
filesystem{ ext4 } \
mountpoint{ / } \
. \
102400 102400 102400 linux-swap \
method{ swap } \
format{ } \
.
d-i partman/default_filesystem string ext4
d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i live-installer/net-image string http://10.0.0.5/ks/UBT18046-x86_64/install/filesystem.squashfs
d-i pkgsel/update-policy select none tasksel tasksel/first multiselect openssh-server
d-i pkgsel/include string wget
d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
#d-i grub-installer/password password xxxx
#d-i grub-installer/password password-again xxxx
#d-i grub-installer/password password-crypted password xxxx
d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
#d-i preseed/early_comman string xxxx
d-i preseed/late_command string in-target wget -O /opt/keys.sh http://10.0.0.5/ks/UBT18046-x86_64/preseed/keys.sh; in-target chmod +x /opt/keys.sh; in-target /bin/sh /opt/keys.sh
#d-i preseed/late_command string chroot /target sh -c "wget -O /opt/keys.sh http://10.0.0.5/ks/UBT18046-x86_64/preseed/keys.sh && chmod +x /opt/keys.sh && /bin/sh /opt/keys.sh"
