LAMP的部署-CFANZ编程社区

LAMP

一. lamp架构的组成

1. lamp含义

由linux（操作系统）Apache（http服务器）MySQL（数据库，MariaDB）和PHP（Perl or Python）的一组动态网站或者服务器的开源软件组成Web架构

2. web服务器的工作流程

2.1 web服务器的资源分为静态和动态资源

静态资源：
- 客户端从服务器获得的资源与原文件相同，直接存放在文件系统的资源
动态资源：
- 程序文件，需要服务器执行之后，将结果给客户端

2.2 工作流程

1.客户端通过httpd协议请求web服务器资源
2.web服务器判断请求的资源是动态或者静态资源
- 如果是静态资源，直接从本地资源系统取回发送给客户端
- 若为动态资源则通过fastcgi协议与PHP服务器联系，通过CGI程序的master进程调度worker进程来执行程序以获得客户端请求的动态资源，并将执行的结果通过FastCGI协议返回给httpd服务器，httpd服务器收到php的执行结果后将其封装为http响应报文响应给客户端。
- 在执行程序获取动态资源时若需要获得数据库中的资源时，由Php服务器通过mysql协议与MySQL/MariaDB服务器交互，取之而后返回给httpd，httpd将从php服务器收到的执行结果封装成http响应报文响应给客户端。

2.3 httpd与PHP结合的方式

modules：php将以httpd的扩展模块形式存在，需要加载动态资源时，httpd可以直接通过php模块来加工资源并返回给客户端
- httpd prefork：libphp5.so（多进程模型的php）
- httpd event or worker：libphp5-zts.so（线程模型的php）
CGI：httpd需要加载动态资源时，通过CGI与php解释器（/bin/bash）联系，获得php执行的结果，此时httpd负责与php连接的建立和断开等
FastCGI：利用php-fpm机制，启动为服务进程，php自行运行为一个服务，https通过socket与php通信

2.4cgi和fastcgi

cgi:CGI是外部应用程序与WEB服务器之间的接口标准，是在CGI程序和Web服务器之间传递信息的过程。CGI规范允许Web服务器执行外部程序，并将它们的输出发送给Web浏览器，CGI将web的一组简单的静态超媒体文档变成一个完整的新的交互式媒体。
fastcgi:是CGI的改良版，CGI是通过启用一个解释器进程来处理每个请求，耗时且耗资源，而FastCGI则是通过master-worker形式来处理每个请求，然后根据配置启动几个worker进程，当请求进来时，master会从worker（工作者）进程中选择一个去处理请求，这样就避免了重复的生成和杀死进程带来的频繁cpu上下文切换而导致耗时

2.5 status：响应状态码，用于标记请求处理过程中发生的情况

1.100-101纯信息提示

100：服务器仅接收到部分请求，但是一旦服务器并没有拒绝该请求
101：服务器转换协议，服务器将遵从客户的请求转换到另外一种协议

2.200-206，“成功”类的信息

200：请求资源正常
202：供处理的请求已被接受，但处理未完成
203：文档已经正常地返回，但一些应答头可能不正确
204：没有新文档。浏览器应该继续显示原来的文档
205：没有新文档。但浏览器应该重置它所显示的内容
206：客户发送了一个带有Range头的GET请求，服务器完成了它

3.300-305，“重定向”类的信息

301：永久重定向，响应状态码为“Moved Permanently”
请求的URL指向的资源已经被删除，但在响应报文中通过首部Location指明了资源现在所处的新位置，客户端需要请求新位置的资源
302：临时重定向，我这里正忙，你要的资源在另一个地方也有，你先去那里要
304：客户端发出了条件式请求，但服务器端发现客户端请求的资源已被客户端缓存过且未发生改变，让客户端直接到缓存里去取

4.400-415，“客户端错误”类的信息

400：由于客户端请求有语法错误，不能被服务器所理解
401：需要输入帐号和密码认证方能访问资源
403：请求被禁止
404：服务器无法找到客户端请求的资源

5.500-505，“服务端错误”类的信息

500：服务器内部错误，响应状态码为“Internal Server Error”
502：代理服务器从后端服务器收到了一条伪响应，响应状态码为“Bad Gateway”
503：服务器当前不能够处理客户端的请求，在一段时间之后，响应状态码为“Service”

二. 部署LAMP架构

1. 部署lamp架构的环境

系统平台	ip	安装的服务
redhat 8.5 Centos8	192.168.232.1/128	httpd-2.4 mysql-5.7 php php-mysql

2. lamp的部署流程与准备

2.1 lamp安装顺序

httpd — MySQL — PHP

2.2 准备httpd下载网址,并下载

apr网址
apr-util网址
httpd网址

[root@SYL3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz
[root@SYL3 ~]# tar -xf apr-1.7.0.tar.gz 
[root@SYL3 ~]# tar -xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz 
[root@SYL3 ~]# tar -xf httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz

2.3 MySQL

下载MySQL

[root@SYL3 ~]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

下载MySQL源

[root@SYL3 ~]# wget https://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@SYL3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
[root@SYL3 ~]#

2.4 PHP

PHP网址

[root@SYL3 ~]# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.29.tar.gz
[root@SYL3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
apr-1.7.0
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.53
httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-7.4.29.tar.gz
[root@SYL3 ~]#

三. 编译安装apache

1. 安装开发工具包

[root@SYL3 ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'

2. 创建Apache系统用户

[root@SYL3 ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache
-r 系统用户
-M 不要家目录
-s 不允许登录

3. 安装依赖包

yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ make

4. 编译安装apr，apr-util

先将configure文件中$cfgfile注释掉

[root@SYL3 apr-1.7.0]# vim configure
[root@SYL3 apr-1.7.0]# cat configure|grep cfgfile
    cfgfile=${ofile}T
    trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
#    $RM "$cfgfile"

预编译apr

[root@SYL3 apr-1.7.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

编译安装apr

[root@SYL3 apr-1.7.0]# make -j 4
[root@SYL3 apr-1.7.0]# make install

预编译apr-util

[root@SYL3 apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

编译安装apr-util

[root@SYL3 apr-util-1.6.1]# make -j 4
[root@SYL3 apr-util-1.6.1]# make install

5. 编译安装httpd

预编译

[root@SYL3 httpd-2.4.53]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
> --enable-so \
> --enable-ssl \
> --enable-cgi \
> --enable-rewrite \
> --with-zlib \
> --with-pcre \
> --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
> --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
> --enable-modules=most \
> --enable-mpms-shared=all \
> --with-mpm=prefork

编译安装

[root@SYL3 httpd-2.4.53]# make -j 4
[root@SYL3 httpd-2.4.53]# make install

6. 安装完成后设置环境变量环境变量，头文件，和man文档

[root@SYL3 httpd-2.4.53]# cd
[root@SYL3 ~]# ls /usr/local/apache/
bin    cgi-bin  error   icons    logs  manual
build  conf     htdocs  include  man   modules
[root@SYL3 ~]#

6.1 设置环境变量

[root@SYL3 ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@SYL3 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@SYL3 ~]# which httpd
/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
[root@SYL3 ~]#

6.2 头文件和man文档

[root@SYL3 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include /usr/include/apache
[root@SYL3 ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf 
[root@SYL3 ~]# cat /etc/man_db.conf |grep apache
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/apache/man
[root@SYL3 ~]#

7. 配置server文件

[root@SYL3 ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@SYL3 system]# cp sshd.service httpd.service 
[root@SYL3 system]# vim httpd.service 
[root@SYL3 system]# cat httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=httpd server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
ExecStop=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@SYL3 system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@SYL3 system]# 
[root@SYL3 system]# cd 
[root@SYL3 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - httpd server daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabl>
   Active: inactive (dead)

Apr 21 19:09:23 SYL3 systemd[1]: /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.s>
[root@SYL3 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@SYL3 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - httpd server daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enable>
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-04-21 19:10:21 CST; 3>
 Main PID: 706285 (apachectl)
    Tasks: 2 (limit: 11216)
   Memory: 1.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─706285 /bin/sh /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
           └─706301 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start

Apr 21 19:10:21 SYL3 systemd[1]: Started httpd server daemon.
[root@SYL3 ~]# apachectl stop
httpd (no pid file) not running
[root@SYL3 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@SYL3 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:PortProcess 
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22        0.0.0.0:*           
LISTEN 0      80                 *:3306            *:*           
LISTEN 0      128                *:80              *:*           
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:22           [::]:*           
[root@SYL3 ~]#

7.1 关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@SYL3 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@SYL3 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config 
[root@SYL3 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config|grep SELINUX
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@SYL3 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@SYL3 ~]#

出现开启时错误，修改配置文件将注释取消

[root@SYL3 ~]# apachectl stop
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::20c:29ff:fe88:169d%ens160. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[root@SYL3 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@SYL3 conf]# ls
extra  httpd.conf  magic  mime.types  original 
[root@SYL3 conf]# vim httpd.conf 
[root@SYL3 conf]# cat httpd.conf |grep ServerName
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
ServerName www.example.com:80
[root@SYL3 conf]# cd 
[root@SYL3 ~]# apachectl start
[root@SYL3 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:PortProcess 
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22        0.0.0.0:*           
LISTEN 0      128                *:80              *:*           
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:22           [::]:*           
[root@SYL3 ~]#

访问成功

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四. MySQL的安装

1.安装MySQL

[root@SYL3 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm 
warning: mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql57-community-release-el7-10 ################################# [100%]
[root@SYL3 ~]#

2. 安装MySQL源

[root@SYL3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
apr-1.7.0
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.53
httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@SYL3 ~]# yum -y install *.rpm

3. 配置MySQL

3.1 启动并设置开机自启

[root@SYL3 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@SYL3 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabl>
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-04-21 20:03:59 CST; 3>
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 927065 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-f>
  Process: 926461 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code>
 Main PID: 927067 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27 (limit: 11216)
   Memory: 287.3M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─927067 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var>

Apr 21 20:03:45 SYL3 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Apr 21 20:03:59 SYL3 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@SYL3 ~]#

3.2 确定MySQL端口是否监听

[root@SYL3 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:PortProcess 
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22        0.0.0.0:*           
LISTEN 0      80                 *:3306            *:*           
LISTEN 0      128                *:80              *:*           
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:22           [::]:*           
[root@SYL3 ~]#

4. 设置密码

4.1 找出临时密码

[root@SYL3 ~]# grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log 
2022-04-21T12:03:49.424496Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Jw?eSqkBI8(3
[root@SYL3 ~]#

4.2 设置密码并登录

[root@SYL3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Jw?eSqkBI8(3'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.37

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password = password('Run123456!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@SYL3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Run123456!'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> quit

为避免mysql自动升级，这里需要卸载最开始安装的yum源

[root@SYL3 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
[root@SYL3 ~]# rpm -e mysql57-community-release
[root@SYL3 ~]#

5. 设置权限

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.232.1' identified by 'Run123456!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

五. PHP的安装

1. 解压

[root@SYL3 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
apr-1.7.0
apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.53
httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
php-7.4.29.tar.gz
[root@SYL3 ~]# tar xf php-7.4.29.tar.gz

2. 安装依赖包

[root@SYL3 ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php-mysqlnd sqlite-devel 
[root@SYL3 ~]# yum -y install yum -y install https://vault.centos.org/centos/8/PowerTools/x86_64/os/Packages/oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-2.el8.x86_64.rpm

3. 编译安装PHP

进行预编译

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif  \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-gd \
--with-jpeg \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--with-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix

3.5 问题4，缺少’libzip’包

Package 'libzip', required by 'virtual:world', not found
'libzip'包，需要'virtual:world'，未找到
[root@SYL3 ~]# yum list all|grep libzip
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
libzip.x86_64                                                     1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
libzip-devel.x86_64                                               1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
libzip-tools.x86_64                                               1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
[root@SYL3 ~]# 
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# yum -y install libzip-devel

进行编译

4. 安装PHP

[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# make -j 4
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# make install

5. 设置环境变量

[root@SYL3 ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@SYL3 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@SYL3 ~]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@SYL3 ~]#

6. 配置php-fpm

[root@SYL3 ~]# cd php-7.4.29
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ls
CODING_STANDARDS.md  appveyor             libs
CONTRIBUTING.md      azure                libtool
EXTENSIONS           azure-pipelines.yml  main
LICENSE              build                modules
Makefile             buildconf            pear
Makefile.fragments   buildconf.bat        php.ini-development
Makefile.objects     config.log           php.ini-production
NEWS                 config.nice          run-tests.php
README.REDIST.BINS   config.status        sapi
README.md            configure            scripts
TSRM                 configure.ac         tests
UPGRADING            docs                 travis
UPGRADING.INTERNALS  ext                  win32
Zend                 include
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# \cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini 
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ls sapi/fpm/
CREDITS            php-fpm             status.html
LICENSE            php-fpm.8           status.html.in
Makefile.frag      php-fpm.8.in        tests
config.m4          php-fpm.conf        www.conf
fpm                php-fpm.conf.in     www.conf.in
init.d.php-fpm     php-fpm.service
init.d.php-fpm.in  php-fpm.service.in
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]#
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ll /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 54696280 Apr 21 22:36 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# 
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# cd /usr/local/php7/
[root@SYL3 php7]# ls
bin  etc  include  lib  php  sbin  var
[root@SYL3 php7]# cd etc/
[root@SYL3 etc]# ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@SYL3 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@SYL3 etc]# ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@SYL3 etc]# cd php-fpm.d
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# ls
www.conf.default
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# ls
www.conf  www.conf.default
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# 
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# pwd
/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# vim www.conf
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# cat www.conf|grep '127.0.0.1'
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]#

六. 配置Apache

1. 启动代理模块

在apache httpd 2.4以后已经专门有一个模块针对FastCGI的实现，此模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩展，因此，这两个模块都要加载，编辑httpd.conf文件，取消以下两行内容的注释:
- LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
- LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

[root@SYL3 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@SYL3 conf]# ls
extra  httpd.conf  magic  mime.types  original
[root@SYL3 conf]# vim httpd.conf 
[root@SYL3 conf]# cat httpd.conf |grep mod_proxy
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

2. 配置虚拟主机

2.1 创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面

[root@SYL3 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@SYL3 htdocs]# ls
index.html
[root@SYL3 htdocs]# mkdir mushuang.com
[root@SYL3 htdocs]# ls
index.html  mushuang.com
[root@SYL3 htdocs]# cd mushuang.com
[root@SYL3 mushuang.com]# vim index.php
[root@SYL3 mushuang.com]# cat index.php 
<?php
    phpinto
?>
[root@SYL3 mushuang.com]#

2.2 在配置文件的最后加入以下内容

[root@SYL3 conf]# vim httpd.conf
[root@SYL3 conf]# cat httpd.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/mushuang.com"
    ServerName mushuang.example.com
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/mushuang.com/$1
    <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/mushuang.com">
        Options none
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

2.3 修改主配置文件,搜索AddType，添加以下内容


AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php        #添加此行
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps        #添加此行

配置主配置文件

[root@SYL3 ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@SYL3 conf]# vim httpd.conf 
[root@SYL3 conf]# vim httpd.conf 
[root@SYL3 conf]# cat httpd.conf |grep index.php
    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
[root@SYL3 conf]# cat httpd.conf |grep 'AddType application/x-httpd'
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
[root@SYL3 conf]#

2.4 查看9000端口号

[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# vim www.conf
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# cd
[root@SYL3 ~]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
[root@SYL3 ~]# cd /usr/local/php7/etc/
[root@SYL3 etc]# ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@SYL3 etc]# cd php-fpm.d
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# ls
www.conf  www.conf.default
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# vim www.conf
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# cat www.conf|grep '9000'
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
[root@SYL3 php-fpm.d]# cd
[root@SYL3 ~]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
[21-Apr-2022 23:01:02] ERROR: unable to bind listening socket for address '127.0.0.1:9000': Address already in use (98)
[21-Apr-2022 23:01:02] ERROR: FPM initialization failed
[root@SYL3 ~]# pkill php-fpm
[root@SYL3 ~]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
[root@SYL3 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process                                                   
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22        0.0.0.0:*                                                              
LISTEN 0      128        127.0.0.1:9000      0.0.0.0:*                                                              
LISTEN 0      80                 *:3306            *:*                                                              
LISTEN 0      128                *:80              *:*                                                              
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:22           [::]:*                                                              
[root@SYL3 ~]#

七. 安装PHP出现的问题

1. 编译安装PHP,用下面的安装出现的问题

[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  \
> --with-config-file-path=/etc \
> --enable-fpm \
> --enable-inline-optimization \
> --disable-debug \
> --disable-rpath \
> --enable-shared \
> --enable-soap \
> --with-openssl \
> --enable-bcmath \
> --with-iconv \
> --with-bz2 \
> --enable-calendar \
> --with-curl \
> --enable-exif  \
> --enable-ftp \
> --with-gd \
> --with-jpeg-dir \
> --with-png-dir \
> --with-zlib-dir \
> --with-freetype-dir \
> --with-gettext \
> --enable-json \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-pdo \
> --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
> --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
> --with-readline \
> --enable-shmop \
> --enable-simplexml \
> --enable-sockets \
> --enable-zip \
> --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
> --with-pear \
> --enable-pcntl \
> --enable-posix

1. 问题1，缺少’sqlite3’包

Package 'sqlite3', required by 'virtual:world', not found
'sqlite3'包，'virtual:world'需要，未找到
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# yum list all|grep sqlite
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# yum -y install sqlite-devel

2.问题2,缺少包’oniguruma’

2.1 下载oniguruma包的网址

Package 'oniguruma', required by 'virtual:world', not found
包'oniguruma'，需要'virtual:world'，未找到
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# yum list all|grep oniguruma
找到后安装进行预编译失败后在
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# yum -y install https://vault.centos.org/centos/8/PowerTools/x86_64/os/Packages/oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-2.el8.x86_64.rpm

3. 问题3.

configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --with-gd, --with-jpeg-dir, --with-png-dir, --with-freetype-dir, --enable-zip

解决

[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ./configure --help|grep gd
  --with-gdbm[=DIR]       DBA: GDBM support
  --enable-gd             Include GD support
  --with-external-gd      Use external libgd
  --with-webp             GD: Enable WEBP support (only for bundled libgd)
  --with-jpeg             GD: Enable JPEG support (only for bundled libgd)
  --with-xpm              GD: Enable XPM support (only for bundled libgd)
                          libgd)
  --enable-gd-jis-conv    GD: Enable JIS-mapped Japanese font support (only
                          for bundled libgd)
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ./configure --help|grep jpeg
  --with-jpeg             GD: Enable JPEG support (only for bundled libgd)
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ./configure --help|grep png
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ./configure --help|grep freetype
  --with-freetype         GD: Enable FreeType 2 support (only for bundled
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ./configure --help|grep zip
  --with-zip              Include Zip read/write support
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]#

4. 问题4 缺少’libzip’包

Package 'libzip', required by 'virtual:world', not found
'libzip'包，需要'virtual:world'，未找到
[root@SYL3 ~]# yum list all|grep libzip
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
libzip.x86_64                                                     1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
libzip-devel.x86_64                                               1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
libzip-tools.x86_64                                               1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
[root@SYL3 ~]# 
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# yum -y install libzip-devel

pe GD: Enable FreeType 2 support (only for bundled
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# ./configure --help|grep zip
–with-zip Include Zip read/write support
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]#


#### 4. 问题4 缺少'libzip'包

```basic
Package 'libzip', required by 'virtual:world', not found
'libzip'包，需要'virtual:world'，未找到
[root@SYL3 ~]# yum list all|grep libzip
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
libzip.x86_64                                                     1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
libzip-devel.x86_64                                               1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
libzip-tools.x86_64                                               1.5.1-2.module_el8.2.0+313+b04d0a66                    AppStream    
[root@SYL3 ~]# 
[root@SYL3 php-7.4.29]# yum -y install libzip-devel