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GUI Qt5

爱做梦的夏夏 2022-05-03 阅读 115
qt开发语言linux

查看官方第一个示例（alarm）源代码

https://doc.qt.io/archives/qt-5.14/qtdoc-tutorials-alarms-example.html

源文件

alarms.pro  //项目文件
main.cpp   //应用程序的主C++代码文件
qml.qrc    //资源文件，其中包含源文件的名称（main.cpp和项目文件除外）


//在 main.cpp 文件中生成代码。 此代码块启用高 DPI 缩放并声明应用程序和引擎。 然后引擎加载我们的主 QML 文件。
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_EnableHighDpiScaling);

    QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

    QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
    engine.load(QUrl(QStringLiteral("qrc:/main.qml")));
    if (engine.rootObjects().isEmpty())
        return -1;

    return app.exec();
}

其他源文件

qtquickcontrols2.conf   //选择具有深色主题的材质样式

//以下代码段显示了如何在 Material 样式中设置 Dark 主题：
[Controls]
Style=Material
[Material]
Theme=Dark
Accent=Red
main.qml                //链接 Alarmdialog.yaml、Alarmmodel.yaml、Alarmdelegate.yaml 和 Tumblerdelegate.yaml 的 YAML 代码

main.qml                //链接 Alarmdialog.yaml、Alarmmodel.yaml、
//mainWindow 是一个 ApplicationWindow QML 类型，是这个应用程序的根项。
ApplicationWindow {
    id: window
    width: 400
    height: 500
    visible: true

//ListView alarmListView 将来自alarmModel 的数据与alarmDelegate 中定义的布局相结合。
    ListView {
        id: alarmListView
        anchors.fill: parent
        model: AlarmModel {}
        delegate: AlarmDelegate {}
    }

//可以通过单击 RoundButton addAlarmButton 添加新警报。 单击它会打开一个对话框屏幕alarmDialog
    RoundButton {
        id: addAlarmButton
        text: "+"
        anchors.bottom: alarmListView.bottom
        anchors.bottomMargin: 8
        anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
        onClicked: alarmDialog.open()
    }

    AlarmDialog {
        id: alarmDialog
        x: Math.round((parent.width - width) / 2)
        y: Math.round((parent.height - height) / 2)
        alarmModel: alarmListView.model
    }

AlarmDialog.qml         //定义用于添加新警报的对话框

//这个对话框屏幕有一个 RowLayout，每个小时和分钟都有一个 Tumbler，另一个 RowLayout 有一个 Tumbler，每个天、月和年。
    contentItem: RowLayout {
        RowLayout {
            id: rowTumbler

            Tumbler {
                id: hoursTumbler
                model: 24
                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: formatNumber(modelData)
                }
            }
            Tumbler {
                id: minutesTumbler
                model: 60
                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: formatNumber(modelData)
                }
            }
        }

        RowLayout {
            id: datePicker

            Layout.leftMargin: 20

            property alias dayTumbler: dayTumbler
            property alias monthTumbler: monthTumbler
            property alias yearTumbler: yearTumbler

            readonly property var days: [31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]

            Tumbler {
                id: dayTumbler

                function updateModel() {
                    // Populate the model with days of the month. For example: [0, ..., 30]
                    var previousIndex = dayTumbler.currentIndex
                    var array = []
                    var newDays = datePicker.days[monthTumbler.currentIndex]
                    for (var i = 1; i <= newDays; ++i)
                        array.push(i)
                    dayTumbler.model = array
                    dayTumbler.currentIndex = Math.min(newDays - 1, previousIndex)
                }

                Component.onCompleted: updateModel()

                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: formatNumber(modelData)
                }
            }
            Tumbler {
                id: monthTumbler

                onCurrentIndexChanged: dayTumbler.updateModel()

                model: 12
                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: window.locale.standaloneMonthName(modelData, Locale.ShortFormat)
                }
            }
            Tumbler {
                id: yearTumbler

                // This array is populated with the next three years. For example: [2018, 2019, 2020]
                readonly property var years: (function() {
                    var currentYear = new Date().getFullYear()
                    return [0, 1, 2].map(function(value) { return value + currentYear; })
                })()

                model: years
                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: formatNumber(modelData)
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

//如果在对话框中单击 OK，输入的数据将被添加到 alarmModel：
    onAccepted: {
        alarmModel.append({
            "hour": hoursTumbler.currentIndex,
            "minute": minutesTumbler.currentIndex,
            "day": dayTumbler.currentIndex + 1,
            "month": monthTumbler.currentIndex + 1,
            "year": yearTumbler.years[yearTumbler.currentIndex],
            "activated": true,
            "label": "",
            "repeat": false,
            "daysToRepeat": [
                { "dayOfWeek": 0, "repeat": false },
                { "dayOfWeek": 1, "repeat": false },
                { "dayOfWeek": 2, "repeat": false },
                { "dayOfWeek": 3, "repeat": false },
                { "dayOfWeek": 4, "repeat": false },
                { "dayOfWeek": 5, "repeat": false },
                { "dayOfWeek": 6, "repeat": false }
            ],
        })
    }
    onRejected: alarmDialog.close()

AlarmDelegate.qml       //定义应用程序主屏幕的布局

//主屏幕中的每个警报都是一个 ItemDelegate。 ItemDelegate 根包含主屏幕和详细屏幕上的所有字段。 详细屏幕的字段仅在单击警报后可见，即当 root.checked 为真时。
ItemDelegate {
    id: root
    width: parent.width
    checkable: true

    onClicked: ListView.view.currentIndex = index

    contentItem: ColumnLayout {
        spacing: 0

        RowLayout {
            ColumnLayout {
                id: dateColumn

                readonly property date alarmDate: new Date(
                    model.year, model.month - 1, model.day, model.hour, model.minute)

                Label {
                    id: timeLabel
                    font.pixelSize: Qt.application.font.pixelSize * 2
                    text: dateColumn.alarmDate.toLocaleTimeString(window.locale, Locale.ShortFormat)
                }
                RowLayout {
                    Label {
                        id: dateLabel
                        text: dateColumn.alarmDate.toLocaleDateString(window.locale, Locale.ShortFormat)
                    }
                    Label {
                        id: alarmAbout
                        text: "⸱ " + model.label
                        visible: model.label.length > 0 && !root.checked
                    }
                }
            }
            Item {
                Layout.fillWidth: true
            }
            Switch {
                checked: model.activated
                Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignTop
                onClicked: model.activated = checked
            }
        }
        CheckBox {
            id: alarmRepeat
            text: qsTr("Repeat")
            checked: model.repeat
            visible: root.checked
            onToggled: model.repeat = checked
        }
        Flow {
            visible: root.checked && model.repeat
            Layout.fillWidth: true

            Repeater {
                id: dayRepeater
                model: daysToRepeat
                delegate: RoundButton {
                    text: Qt.locale().dayName(model.dayOfWeek, Locale.NarrowFormat)
                    flat: true
                    checked: model.repeat
                    checkable: true
                    Material.background: checked ? Material.accent : "transparent"
                    onToggled: model.repeat = checked
                }
            }
        }

        TextField {
            id: alarmDescriptionTextField
            placeholderText: qsTr("Enter description here")
            cursorVisible: true
            visible: root.checked
            text: model.label
            onTextEdited: model.label = text
        }
        Button {
            id: deleteAlarmButton
            text: qsTr("Delete")
            width: 40
            height: 40
            visible: root.checked
            onClicked: root.ListView.view.model.remove(root.ListView.view.currentIndex, 1)
        }
    }
}

AlarmModel.qml          //定义用于存储警报数据的 ListModel

//此 QML 文件包含 alarmModel 的定义，即管理警报数据的 ListModel

//它创建了五个带有示例警报的 ListElement
import QtQuick 2.11

// Populate the model with some sample data.
ListModel {
    id: alarmModel

    ListElement {
        hour: 6
        minute: 0
        day: 2
        month: 8
        year: 2018
        activated: true
        label: "Wake up"
        repeat: true
        daysToRepeat: [
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 0; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 1; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 2; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 3; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 4; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 5; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 6; repeat: false }
        ]
    }
    ListElement {
        hour: 6
        minute: 0
        day: 3
        month: 8
        year: 2018
        activated: true
        label: "Wake up"
        repeat: true
        daysToRepeat: [
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 0; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 1; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 2; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 3; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 4; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 5; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 6; repeat: false }
        ]
    }
    ListElement {
        hour: 7
        minute: 0
        day: 3
        month: 8
        year: 2018
        activated: false
        label: "Exercise"
        repeat: true
        daysToRepeat: [
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 0; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 1; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 2; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 3; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 4; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 5; repeat: true },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 6; repeat: true }
        ]
    }
    ListElement {
        hour: 5
        minute: 15
        day: 1
        month: 9
        year: 2018
        activated: true
        label: ""
        repeat: false
        daysToRepeat: [
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 0; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 1; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 2; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 3; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 4; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 5; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 6; repeat: false }
        ]
    }
    ListElement {
        hour: 5
        minute: 45
        day: 3
        month: 9
        year: 2018
        activated: false
        label: ""
        repeat: false
        daysToRepeat: [
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 0; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 1; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 2; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 3; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 4; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 5; repeat: false },
            ListElement { dayOfWeek: 6; repeat: false }
        ]
    }
}

TumblerDelegate.qml     //定义Tumblers的图形布局

//TumblerDelegate 定义了 Tumbler 的图形属性
import QtQuick 2.11
import QtQuick.Controls 2.4
import QtQuick.Controls.Material 2.4

Text {
    text: modelData
    color: Tumbler.tumbler.Material.foreground
    font: Tumbler.tumbler.font
    opacity: 1.0 - Math.abs(Tumbler.displacement) / (Tumbler.tumbler.visibleItemCount / 2)
    horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
    verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
}

输入新警报

//在启动屏幕的底部，您可以看到一个用于添加警报的按钮。 单击它以打开“添加新警报”对话框。
    RoundButton {
        id: addAlarmButton
        text: "+"
        anchors.bottom: alarmListView.bottom
        anchors.bottomMargin: 8
        anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
        onClicked: alarmDialog.open()
    }

新警报的对话框：
在这里插入图片描述

//所有字段均使用 Tumbler QML 类型输入。 如果按 OK，则在 Tumblers 中选择的值将写入 alarmModel。
    contentItem: RowLayout {
        RowLayout {
            id: rowTumbler

            Tumbler {
                id: hoursTumbler
                model: 24
                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: formatNumber(modelData)
                }
            }
            Tumbler {
                id: minutesTumbler
                model: 60
                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: formatNumber(modelData)
                }
            }
        }

        RowLayout {
            id: datePicker

            Layout.leftMargin: 20

            property alias dayTumbler: dayTumbler
            property alias monthTumbler: monthTumbler
            property alias yearTumbler: yearTumbler

            readonly property var days: [31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]

            Tumbler {
                id: dayTumbler

                function updateModel() {
                    // Populate the model with days of the month. For example: [0, ..., 30]
                    var previousIndex = dayTumbler.currentIndex
                    var array = []
                    var newDays = datePicker.days[monthTumbler.currentIndex]
                    for (var i = 1; i <= newDays; ++i)
                        array.push(i)
                    dayTumbler.model = array
                    dayTumbler.currentIndex = Math.min(newDays - 1, previousIndex)
                }

                Component.onCompleted: updateModel()

                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: formatNumber(modelData)
                }
            }
            Tumbler {
                id: monthTumbler

                onCurrentIndexChanged: dayTumbler.updateModel()

                model: 12
                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: window.locale.standaloneMonthName(modelData, Locale.ShortFormat)
                }
            }
            Tumbler {
                id: yearTumbler

                // This array is populated with the next three years. For example: [2018, 2019, 2020]
                readonly property var years: (function() {
                    var currentYear = new Date().getFullYear()
                    return [0, 1, 2].map(function(value) { return value + currentYear; })
                })()

                model: years
                delegate: TumblerDelegate {
                    text: formatNumber(modelData)
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

编辑警报

如果单击特定警报，则可以在详细信息屏幕中对其进行编辑。
在这里插入图片描述

//单击警报会将 root.checked 设置为 true，从而使详细信息屏幕的字段可见
visible: root.checked

//如果您希望在其他日子也触发警报，请检查 alarmRepeat。 中继器将为一周中的每一天显示一个可检查的圆形按钮。
        Flow {
            visible: root.checked && model.repeat
            Layout.fillWidth: true

            Repeater {
                id: dayRepeater
                model: daysToRepeat
                delegate: RoundButton {
                    text: Qt.locale().dayName(model.dayOfWeek, Locale.NarrowFormat)
                    flat: true
                    checked: model.repeat
                    checkable: true
                    Material.background: checked ? Material.accent : "transparent"
                    onToggled: model.repeat = checked
                }
            }
        }

//如果您修改了警报的描述，之后会在主屏幕中反映出来
        TextField {
            id: alarmDescriptionTextField
            placeholderText: qsTr("Enter description here")
            cursorVisible: true
            visible: root.checked
            text: model.label
            onTextEdited: model.label = text
        }

删除警报

//详细信息屏幕（见上文）有一个用于删除警报的按钮。 当 onClicked 被发出时，当前的 ListElement 将从 alarmModel 中删除
        Button {
            id: deleteAlarmButton
            text: qsTr("Delete")
            width: 40
            height: 40
            visible: root.checked
            onClicked: root.ListView.view.model.remove(root.ListView.view.currentIndex, 1)
        }

编译并在Ubuntu运行

在这里插入图片描述

修改配色或形状

修改颜色

在qml.qrc文件夹下添加qtquickcontrols2.conf文件及代码：

Item {
[Controls]
Style=Material
[Material]
Theme=Dark
Accent=Green
}

在这里插入图片描述
运行可得到
在这里插入图片描述

改变形状

修改main.qml文件中的ApplicationWindow中的 width 和 heigh t的参数
在这里插入图片描述
运行可得到
在这里插入图片描述

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