Nginx架构篇（23）私有CA

CA 证书颁发机构（CA, Certificate Authority）

基于https的协议工作的一中虚拟主机，要构建这样的网站需要mod_ssl模块的支持。且需要提供两个文件：证书文件和私钥文件，证书文件是标识这个网站服务器身份的，私钥文件主要用来实现在服务器端对数据进行加密，然后在网站中传输的。证书在生产生活中需要到对应的机构去申请，在实验环境中本应该搭建一台证书服务器，

1、生成证书及秘钥文件   

1）准备存放证书和秘钥的目录
mkdir  -p  /etc/nginx/ssl

2）生成私钥
openssl genrsa 1024 > /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
...............................................................++++++
................................................................++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

3) 使用秘钥文件生成证书-申请书
openssl req -new -key /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key > /etc/nginx/ssl/server.csr

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN       ###国家名（两个字
State or Province Name (full name) []:BJ  ###省会（两个字
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BJ    ###城市
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]::qf ###组织名 （千锋QF
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:cloud   ##组织单位名
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:nginx.linux.com ##服务器的名字或者你的名字
Email Address []:12345678@qq.com   ###可选
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:       ###密码为空
An optional company name []:     ####密码为空
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:   ###公司名空

查看申请书
ls /etc/nginx/ssl/
server.csr （证书申请） server.key （私钥）

4）同意申请，生成证书
 openssl req -x509 -days 365 -key /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key -in /etc/nginx/ssl/server.csr > /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt
 -x509：证书的格式，固定的
 days：证书的有效期，生产生活中时间不同，价格不同
 key：指定秘钥文件
 in：指定证书申请文件
 
 查看证书
 ll /etc/nginx/ssl/
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 920 Jun 11 16:22 server.crt  证书文件
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 627 Jun 11 16:19 server.csr  申请书。可以销毁
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 887 Jun 11 16:18 server.key  私钥文件

2、私有CA的https部署

1、创建目录 
mkdir /bj
echo "bj ssl web" > /bj/index.html

2、编辑nginx.conf文件 
 vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/bj.conf

 server {
        listen       443 ssl;
        server_name  www.bj.com;

        ssl_certificate      /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt;      ##路径自定义
        ssl_certificate_key  /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key;

        location / {
            root   /bj;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }


nginx -s reload
ss -antp | grep nginx

3、测试访问

​​https://www.bj.com​​

风险提示

公网CA

ll /etc/nginx/214194377980730.*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1679 May 11 14:41 /etc/nginx/214194377980730.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3916 May 11 14:41 /etc/nginx/214194377980730.pem



cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.111.top ;
    return     301  https://www.111.top$request_uri;
    # rewrite .* https://www.111.top$request_uri permanent;
}
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    ssl on;
    ssl_certificate  /etc/nginx/214194377980730.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/214194377980730.key;
    location / {
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.html index.php;
    }
}


systemctl  restart nginx


ll /etc/nginx/214194377980730.*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1679 May 11 14:41 /etc/nginx/214194377980730.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3916 May 11 14:41 /etc/nginx/214194377980730.pem


cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.111.top ;
    return     301  https://www.111.top$request_uri;
    # rewrite .* https://www.111.top$request_uri permanent;
}
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    ssl on;
    ssl_certificate  /etc/nginx/214194377980730.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/214194377980730.key;
    location / {
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.html index.php;
    }
}


systemctl  restart nginx