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从0到1一步一步玩转openEuler--04 openEuler UKUI 桌面环境的安装和使用

04 openEuler UKUI 桌面环境的安装和使用

介绍常用的 openEuler UKUI 桌面环境的安装和使用方法,它提供美观易用的图形化操作界面,给用户带来更好的体验。

4.1 UKUI简介

UKUI是麒麟软件团队历经多年打造的一款 Linux 桌面,主要基于 GTK 和 QT 开发。与其它 UI 界面相比,UKUI 更加注重易用性和敏捷度,各元件相依性小,可以不依赖其它套件而独自运行,给用户带来亲切和高效的使用体验。

UKUI支持x86_64和aarch64两种架构。

**前提:**下载openEuler ISO镜像并已安装系统。

4.2 UKUI安装方法

4.2.1 更新软件源

# dnf update

示例命令如下:

[root@scfuture-21 ~]# dnf update
Last metadata expiration check: 0:45:19 ago on 2022年12月03日 星期六 10时39分32秒.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================
 Package                                             Architecture    Version                           Repository       Size
=============================================================================================================================
Upgrading:
 NetworkManager                                      x86_64          1:1.32.12-12.oe2203               update          2.2 M
 NetworkManager-config-server                        noarch          1:1.32.12-12.oe2203               update           12 k
 NetworkManager-libnm                                x86_64          1:1.32.12-12.oe2203               update          1.6 M
 acl                                                 x86_64          2.3.1-2.oe2203                    update           51 k
 atk                                                 x86_64          2.36.0-2.oe2203                   update          262 k
 atk-devel                                           x86_64          2.36.0-2.oe2203                   update          196 k
 augeas                                              x86_64          1.13.0-3.oe2203                   update          376 k
 authselect                                          x86_64          1.2.4-6.oe2203                    update          189 k
 bash                                                x86_64          5.1.8-6.oe2203                    update          1.2 M
 bc                                                  x86_64          1.07.1-11.oe2203                  update           89 k
 bind-libs                                           x86_64          32:9.16.23-11.oe2203              update          1.2 M
 bind-license                                        noarch          32:9.16.23-11.oe2203              update           18 k
 bind-utils                                          x86_64          32:9.16.23-11.oe2203              update          178 k
 bluez-libs                                          x86_64          5.54-15.oe2203       
Downloading Packages:
(1/260): duktape-2.6.0-1.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                                   680 kB/s | 143 kB     00:00    
(2/260): elfutils-extra-0.185-13.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                           389 kB/s | 227 kB     00:00    
(3/260): grub2-tools-efi-2.06-15.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                           755 kB/s | 463 kB     00:00    
(4/260): NetworkManager-config-server-1.32.12-12.oe2203.noarch.rpm                           241 kB/s |  12 kB     00:00    
(5/260): NetworkManager-1.32.12-12.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                         8.9 MB/s | 2.2 MB     00:00    
(6/260): acl-2.3.1-2.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                                       1.0 MB/s |  51 kB     00:00    
(7/260): atk-2.36.0-2.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                                      3.7 MB/s | 262 kB     00:00    
(8/260): atk-devel-2.36.0-2.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                                3.1 MB/s | 196 kB     00:00    
(9/260): augeas-1.13.0-3.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                                   4.6 MB/s | 376 kB     00:00    
(10/260): authselect-1.2.4-6.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                               3.5 MB/s | 189 kB     00:00    
(11/260): bash-5.1.8-6.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                                      12 MB/s | 1.2 MB     00:00    
(12/260): NetworkManager-libnm-1.32.12-12.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                  2.5 MB/s | 1.6 MB     00:00    
(13/260): bc-1.07.1-11.oe2203.x86_64.rpm                                                     1.2 MB/s |  89 kB     00:00    
  .
  .
  .
  vim-minimal-2:9.0-1.oe2203.x86_64                               
  wayland-1.19.91-4.oe2203.x86_64                                                           wayland-devel-1.19.91-4.oe2203.x86_64                                                     words-3.0-33.oe2203.noarch                                                             
  xz-5.2.5-2.oe2203.x86_64                                                               
  xz-devel-5.2.5-2.oe2203.x86_64                                                           xz-libs-5.2.5-2.oe2203.x86_64                                                           
  yajl-2.1.0-18.oe2203.x86_64                                                             
  yum-4.10.0-7.oe2203.noarch                                                             
  zlib-1.2.11-22.oe2203.x86_64                                                           
  zlib-devel-1.2.11-22.oe2203.x86_64                                                                                         
Installed:
  duktape-2.6.0-1.oe2203.x86_64            elfutils-extra-0.185-13.oe2203.x86_64   grub2-tools-efi-1:2.06-15.oe2203.x86_64  
  kernel-5.10.0-60.68.0.93.oe2203.x86_64  

Complete!
[root@scfuture-21 ~]# 

4.2.2 安装UKUI

# dnf install ukui -y

示例命令如下:

[root@scfuture-21 ~]# dnf install ukui
Last metadata expiration check: 0:59:17 ago on 2022年12月03日 星期六 10时39分32秒.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================
 Package                                  Arch       Version                                            Repository      Size
=============================================================================================================================
Installing:
 ukui                                     noarch     2.0.2-14.oe1                                       EPOL            12 k
Installing dependencies:
 GeoIP                                    x86_64     1.6.12-6.oe2203                                    OS             106 k
 GeoIP-GeoLite-data                       noarch     2018.06-4.oe2203                                   update          26 M
 LibRaw                                   x86_64     0.20.2-5.oe2203                                    everything     356 k
 PackageKit-devel                         x86_64     1.1.12-10.oe2203                                   OS             103 k
 SDL2                                     x86_64     2.0.12-4.oe2203                                    update         464 k
 SDL2-devel                               x86_64     2.0.12-4.oe2203                                    update         266 k
 accountsservice                          x86_64     0.6.55-1.oe2203                                    OS             113 k
 adobe-mappings-cmap                      noarch     20190730-3.oe2203                                  OS              15 k
 adobe-mappings-cmap-lang                 noarch     20190730-3.oe2203                                  OS             2.5 M
 adobe-mappings-pdf                       noarch     20190401-2.oe2203                   
  .
  .
  .
  xorg-x11-drv-qxl-0.1.5-14.oe2203.x86_64                                                   xorg-x11-drv-synaptics-legacy-1.9.1-3.oe2203.x86_64                                     
  xorg-x11-drv-v4l-0.3.0-1.oe2203.x86_64                                                 
  xorg-x11-drv-vesa-2.5.0-1.oe2203.x86_64                                                 
  xorg-x11-drv-vmware-13.3.0-2.oe2203.x86_64                                             
  xorg-x11-drv-wacom-0.40.0-1.oe2203.x86_64                                               
  xorg-x11-font-utils-1:7.5-43.oe2203.x86_64                                             
  xorg-x11-fonts-7.5-24.oe2203.noarch                                                       xorg-x11-server-1.20.11-4.oe2203.x86_64                                                 
  xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-29.oe2203.x86_64                                             
  xorg-x11-utils-7.5-31.oe2203.x86_64                                                     
  xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.1-1.oe2203.x86_64                                                   
  xorg-x11-xinit-1.4.1-1.oe2203.x86_64                                                   
  xorg-x11-xkb-utils-7.7-30.oe2203.x86_64                                                 
  xvidcore-1.3.7-1.oe2203.x86_64                                                         
  yelp-tools-3.38.0-1.oe2203.noarch                                                         yelp-xsl-3.38.3-1.oe2203.noarch                                                         
  zenity-3.41.0-1.oe2203.x86_64                                                           
  zimg-2.9.3-2.oe2203.x86_64                                                             
  zvbi-0.2.35-7.oe2203.x86_64                                                             

Complete!
[root@scfuture-21 ~]# 

4.2.3 设置图形界面启动

在确认正常安装后,如果希望以图形界面的方式启动,请在命令行运行以下代码

# systemctl set-default graphical.target

示例命令如下:

[root@scfuture-21 ~]# systemctl set-default graphical.target
Removed /etc/systemd/system/default.target.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target → /usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target.
[root@scfuture-21 ~]# 

4.2.4 重启生效

# reboot

示例命令如下:

[root@scfuture-21 ~]# reboot
[root@scfuture-21 ~]#

4.3 UKUI图形界面

image-20221203115720129

image-20221203115835135

举报

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