1、解压压缩包
在/usr/local目录下解压压缩包并改名
[root@oracle local]# tar -zxvf /home/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@oracle local]# mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql/
2、创建用户及组
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
chown -R mysql mysql/
chgrp -R mysql mysql/
[root@oracle bin]# vi ~/.bash_profile
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@oraclebin]# source ~/.bash_profile
3、创建配置文件
vi /etc/my.cnf，添加以下内容
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names = 1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
max_connections=5000
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
4、初始化数据库
[root@oracle mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
5、启动数据库
这里第一次启动的时候如果出现以下报错：
Starting MySQL.2019-04-22T08:01:33.448968Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’, however file don’t exists. Create writable for user ‘mysql’.
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid).
解决方法：
手动创建相关目录及文件，赋予对应权限，然后再启动数据库
[root@oracle support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
6、连接数据库
[root@oracle bin]# ./mysql -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.22 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql; #切换成MySQL数据库
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> UPDATE `mysql`.`user` SET `Host`='%', `User`='root', `Select_priv`='Y', `Insert_priv`='Y', `Update_priv`='Y', `Delete_priv`='Y', `Create_priv`='Y', `Drop_priv`='Y', `Reload_priv`='Y', `Shutdown_priv`='Y', `Process_priv`='Y', `File_priv`='Y', `Grant_priv`='Y', `References_priv`='Y', `Index_priv`='Y', `Alter_priv`='Y', `Show_db_priv`='Y', `Super_priv`='Y', `Create_tmp_table_priv`='Y', `Lock_tables_priv`='Y', `Execute_priv`='Y', `Repl_slave_priv`='Y', `Repl_client_priv`='Y', `Create_view_priv`='Y', `Show_view_priv`='Y', `Create_routine_priv`='Y', `Alter_routine_priv`='Y', `Create_user_priv`='Y', `Event_priv`='Y', `Trigger_priv`='Y', `Create_tablespace_priv`='Y', `ssl_type`='', `ssl_cipher`='', `x509_issuer`='', `x509_subject`='', `max_questions`='0', `max_updates`='0', `max_connections`='0', `max_user_connections`='0', `plugin`='mysql_native_password', `authentication_string`='*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9', `password_expired`='N', `password_last_changed`='2017-11-20 12:41:07', `password_lifetime`=NULL, `account_locked`='N' WHERE (`User`='root');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
7常见问题及解决办法
7.1、重置root密码方法：
7.1.1、打开配置文件/etc/my.cnf，在mysqld下添加一行skip-grant-tables，如下：
[mysqld]
#...
skip-grant-tables
#...
这样我们就可以免密登录MySQL了。
然后保存并退出。
7.1.2、重启MySQL
这两个命令2选1：
$ sudo systemctl restart mysqld
$ sudo service mysqld restart
7.1.3、终端输入 mysql 直接登录MySQL数据库：
$ mysql
成功进入mysql
切换到MySQL系统库mysql：
mysql> use mysql;
7.1.4、重置root密码
需要注意的是，在MySQL5.7之后，已经没有password这个字段了，
password字段改成了authentication_string。
修改密码我们要修改这个字段的值。
update user set authentication_string=password('新密码') where user='root';
这样，我们就已经修改密码成功了。
(mysql8：ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';)
7.1.5、修改 /etc/my.cnf 文件，将之前添加的skip-grant-tables 这句话注释掉。
不然我们仍然还是免密的方式登录Mysql。
7.1.6、再次重启MySQL就大功告成了。
7.2、报错：
Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid).
解决方法参考：https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/492001
