文档课题：测试Linux软连接环境下上传文件后所占用具体的空间目录.
系统：centos 7.9
应用场景：生产环境中遇到软连接的情况，以下便是该场景的模拟以及相关数据的验证测试.
1、挂载新磁盘
1.1、磁盘分区
[root@leo-oracle-11g:~]# lsblk -p
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
/dev/sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk
├─/dev/sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─/dev/sda2 8:2 0 99G 0 part
├─/dev/mapper/centos-root 253:0 0 95G 0 lvm /
└─/dev/mapper/centos-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP]
/dev/sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
/dev/sr0 11:0 1 4.4G 0 rom
[root@leo-oracle-11g:~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xcf069d56.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-10485759, default 10485759):
Using default value 10485759
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@leo-oracle-11g:~]# partprobe
1.2、格式化
--将分好区的磁盘以xfs磁盘格式进行格式化.
[root@leo-oracle-11g:~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=327616 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=1310464, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
1.3、挂载磁盘
[root@leo-oracle-11g:~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /u02/oradata
[root@leo-oracle-11g:~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 13M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 95G 34G 62G 35% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 185M 830M 19% /boot
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/54321
tmpfs 378M 12K 378M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 5.0G 33M 5.0G 1% /u02/oradata
1.4、自动挂载
--配置系统启动后磁盘的自动挂载.
[root@leo-oracle-11g:~]# blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="06e5c322-664a-4210-80f7-301ecc8ac328" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/sda2: UUID="vvQAek-XDoH-iqfW-6Ci5-89sI-LlAu-Uho94l" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="2a7bfecd-17ac-4c60-a181-f2cf9a0ecea0" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/sr0: UUID="2020-11-04-11-36-43-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID="74c6a57b-fa98-4664-b753-7103c5e53432" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/mapper/centos-swap: UUID="2c1544fe-280c-4327-b2c9-9439819bd58c" TYPE="swap"
[root@leo-oracle-11g:~]# vi /etc/fstab
添加如下内容：
UUID=2a7bfecd-17ac-4c60-a181-f2cf9a0ecea0 /u02/oradata xfs defaults 0 0
说明：此后磁盘会随系统启动而自动挂载到/u02/oradata.
2、创建软连接
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02]# mkdir -p /u02/app/oracle/
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02/app/oracle]# chown oracle:oinstall /u02/app/oracle/
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02/app/oracle]# chown oracle:oinstall /u02/oradata
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02/app]# su – oracle
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g ~]$ cd /u02/app/oracle
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g oracle]$ ln -s /u02/oradata oradata
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g oracle]$ ll
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 oracle oinstall 12 Apr 19 17:25 oradata -> /u02/oradata
说明：/u02/app/oracle目录在创建软连接前无任何文件.
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g oracle]$ cd oradata
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g oradata]$ pwd
/u02/app/oracle/oradata
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g oradata]$ mkdir orcl
注意：此时/u02/oradata/目录下也会生成orcl文件，当在/u02/oradata目录创建文件时，/u02/app/oracle/oradata目录也会生成相同文件.
--数据库层面新建数据文件，测试是否能放到/u02/app/oracle/oradata目录.
SYS@orcl> alter tablespace users add datafile '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users02.dbf' size 10m;
Tablespace altered.
--文件查看
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g orcl]$ ll /u02/oradata/orcl
total 10248
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10493952 Apr 19 17:34 users02.dbf
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g orcl]$ pwd
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
[oracle@leo-oracle-11g orcl]$ ll
total 10248
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10493952 Apr 19 17:34 users02.dbf
说明：如上所示，/u02/oradata/orcl与/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl均生成users02.dbf文件.
3、相关测试
3.1、测试/u02/backup目录
--原目录使用情况.
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02/backup]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 13M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 95G 34G 62G 35% /
/dev/sdb1 5.0G 43M 5.0G 1% /u02/oradata
/dev/sda1 1014M 185M 830M 19% /boot
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/54321
tmpfs 378M 12K 378M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
--新建/u02/backup目录
# mkdir -p /u02/backup
sftp> cd /u02/backup
sftp> lcd F:\工作目录\巡检\
sftp> put 2023年01月05-06日巡检报告.rar
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02]# ll backup
total 792916
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 811943816 Jan 10 17:02 2023年01月05-06日巡检报告.rar
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02/backup
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02]# ll backup
total 792916
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 811943816 Jan 10 17:02 2023年01月05-06日巡检报告.rar
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02/backup]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 13M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 95G 35G 61G 36% /
/dev/sdb1 5.0G 43M 5.0G 1% /u02/oradata
/dev/sda1 1014M 185M 830M 19% /boot
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/54321
tmpfs 378M 12K 378M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
说明：如上所示，/u02/oradata使用率并未提高，而根目录使用率增加.可知上传的文件保存在根目录中.
3.2、测试/u02/oradata/backup目录
# mkdir -p /u02/oradata/backup
sftp> cd /u02/oradata/backup
sftp> lcd F:\工作目录\巡检\
sftp> put 2023年01月05-06日巡检报告.rar
[root@leo-oracle-11g:/u02]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 13M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 95G 35G 61G 36% /
/dev/sdb1 5.0G 817M 4.2G 16% /u02/oradata
/dev/sda1 1014M 185M 830M 19% /boot
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/54321
tmpfs 378M 12K 378M 1% /run/user/42
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
说明：如上所示，上传的文件消耗的是/u02/oradata/空间. 0
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测试Linux软连接环境下上传文件后所占用具体的空间目录
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