定义:定义了对象之间的一对多依赖,让多个观察者对象同时监听某一个主题对象,当主题对象发生变化时,它的依赖者(观察者)都会收到通知并更新
适用场景:
关联行为场景,建立一套触发机制
优点:
1.观察者和被观察者之间建立一个抽象的耦合
2.观察者模式支持广播通讯
缺点:
观察者之间有过多的细节依赖,提高时间消耗及程序复杂度
使用得当,要避免循环调用
import java.util.Observable;
public class Course extends Observable {
private String courseName;
public Course(String courseName) {
this.courseName = courseName;
}
public String getCourseName() {
return courseName;
}
public void produceQuestion(Course course,Question question){
System.out.println(question.getUserName()+"在"+course.courseName+"提交了问题");
setChanged();
notifyObservers(question);
}
}
public class Question {
private String userName;
private String questionContent;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getQuestionContent() {
return questionContent;
}
public void setQuestionContent(String questionContent) {
this.questionContent = questionContent;
}
}
import java.util.Observable;
import java.util.Observer;
public class Teacher implements Observer {
private String teacherName;
public Teacher(String teacherName) {
this.teacherName = teacherName;
}
@Override
public void update(Observable o,Object arg){
Course course=(Course)o;
Question question=(Question)arg;
System.out.println(teacherName+"老师的"+course.getCourseName()+"课程接收到一个"+question.getUserName()+"提交的问答:"+question.getQuestionContent());
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Course course=new Course("Java设计模式精讲");
Teacher teacher=new Teacher("laoshi");
course.addObserver(teacher);
Question question=new Question();
question.setUserName("Geelly");
question.setQuestionContent("Java");
course.produceQuestion(course,question);
}
}