Mac在VSCode中搭建C/C++环境

1.下载VSCode

下载地址

2.安装插件

3.打开一个包含C/C++文件的目录

没有，可以自己创建一个cpp文件

4.command+shift+p打开命令行工具窗口

配置c_cpp_properties.json文件
选择C/Cpp: Edit Configurations命令
此时会在当前工作空间目录生成.vscode配置目录
同时在配置目录会生成一个c_cpp_properties.json文件

"name": "Mac",
"includePath": [
            "${workspaceFolder}",
            "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include/c++/v1",
            "/usr/local/include",
            "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/9.0.0/include",
            "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include",
            "/usr/include"
        ],

将要用到的库的路径添加到includePath数组中

配置tasks.json文件
选择Tasks: Configure Task命令
此时会在配置目录生成一个tasks.json文件

{
  // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
  // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
        "label": "echo",
        "type": "shell",
        "command": "echo Hello"
    }
  ]
}

修改该配置文件如下

 "tasks": [
    {
        "label": "c++",
        "command": "clang++",
        "type": "shell",
        "args": [
            "hello.cpp",
            "-std=c++11",
            "-g"
        ],
        "presentation": {
            "echo": true,
            "reveal": "always",
            "focus": false,
            "panel": "shared"
        }
    }
]

该文件其实就是一个命令行构建工具
把运行程序时在终端输入的命令和参数对于"command"和"args"的值
输入shift+command+b，便可构建成功，生成可执行文件a.out

配置launch.json文件
选择Debug: Open launch.json命令
此时会在配置目录生成一个launch.json文件

{
// 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
// 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
// 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
    {
        "name": "(lldb) Launch",
        "type": "cppdbg",
        "request": "launch",
        "program": "enter program name, for example ${workspaceFolder}/a.out",
        "args": [],
        "stopAtEntry": false,
        "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
        "environment": [],
        "externalConsole": true,
        "MIMode": "lldb"
    }
  ]
}

修改文件如下

 "configurations": [
    {
        "name": "c/c++ Launch",
        "type": "cppdbg",
        "request": "launch",
        "program": "${workspaceFolder}/a.out",
        "args": [],
        "stopAtEntry": false,
        "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
        "environment": [],
        "externalConsole": true,
        "MIMode": "lldb",
        "preLaunchTask":"c++"
    }
]

preLaunchTask后面配置的是task的label，作用是当源代码发生改变时，启动调试会自动编译，而不用主动输入shift+command+b进行编译
该文件是一个配置调试的文件

json文件说明
上述3个文件需要做一定的修改

5. 开启调试

修改hello.cpp

#include<stdio.h>

int
main()
{
   printf("Hello World\nWelcome to go to C++\n");
}

点击调试汉字旁边的绿色小三角，就会出现执行结果

至此一个简单的c/c++程序就完成了从编写到执行的过程