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G024-DB-GS-INS-01 OpenEuler 部署 OpenGauss（单实例）

_karen 2022-07-27 阅读 29
数据库openGaussopenEuler

1 您需要了解

  • VMware Workstation 版本：16.2.0
  • OS 版本：openEuler-20.03-LTS-SP2，访问 openEuler官网 进行操作系统下载
  • DB 版本：OpenGauss 2.1.0 企业版，访问 openGauss官网 进行数据库下载，文件名 openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-all.tar.gz
  • OpenEuler 虚拟机可连通外网，方便使用在线YUM源（未联网情况下可配置本地YUM源）
  • OpenEuler 必须使用英文操作系统（默认），当前 openGauss 安装包只能在英文操作系统上安装使用
  • OpenEuler 建议使用20.03 LTS系列版本（python 版本为 3.7.x），openGauss 在 openEuler 上目前仅支持 python 3.7.x 版本，其他系列版本的操作系统不满足对python版本的要求，可以手工配置，但对于初学者不友好
  • 您可请参考下方 G015 博文完成 OpenEuler 操作系统安装，版本系列不同，但步骤相同

  • 为有更好的浏览体验，您可以点击文章左上方目录按钮来显示文章整体目录结构

  • 相关文章
  • G015-OS-LIN-EULER-01 openEuler 21.03 欧拉 Linux 安装

2 系统环境配置

2.1 IP及主机名

[root@cloudcsp ~]# echo '192.168.200.174 cloudcsp' >> /etc/hosts
[root@cloudcsp ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.200.174 cloudcsp

2.2 关闭防火墙

[root@cloudcsp ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@cloudcsp ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.

2.3 设置字符集及其他环境变量

[root@cloudcsp ~]# vi /etc/profile

# 末尾添加以下环境变量

export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export packagePath=/opt/software/openGauss
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$packagePath/script/gspylib/clib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# 刷新当前环境变量

[root@cloudcsp ~]# source /etc/profile

2.4 取消内存限制参数

[root@cloudcsp ~]# vi /etc/profile.d/performance.sh

# 将第一行最小内存限制参数注释掉

#sysctl -w vm.min_free_kbytes=112640 &> /dev/null
sysctl -w vm.dirty_ratio=60 &> /dev/null
sysctl -w kernel.sched_autogroup_enabled=0 &> /dev/null

2.5 更换python版本

安装过程中会配置 openGauss 用户互信，openEuler 需要用到 python 3.7.x 版本命令，但默认版本为 2.7.x ，所以需要更换。

[root@cloudcsp ~]# python -V
Python 2.7.18
[root@cloudcsp ~]# ls -l /usr/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     7 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     9 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 14376 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1846 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2.7-config
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 14384 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2.7-debug
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1852 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2.7-debug-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    16 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    15 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2-debug -> python2.7-debug
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    22 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2-debug-config -> python2.7-debug-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     9 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python3 -> python3.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 14376 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python3.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 14376 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python3.7m
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    14 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    13 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python-debug -> python2-debug
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    20 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python-debug-config -> python2-debug-config

# 更换 python 软链文件

[root@cloudcsp ~]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
[root@cloudcsp ~]# ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
[root@cloudcsp ~]# ls -l /usr/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    16 Jul 19 14:13 /usr/bin/python -> /usr/bin/python3
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     9 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 14376 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1846 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2.7-config
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 14384 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2.7-debug
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1852 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2.7-debug-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    16 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    15 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2-debug -> python2.7-debug
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    22 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python2-debug-config -> python2.7-debug-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     9 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python3 -> python3.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 14376 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python3.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 14376 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python3.7m
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root     7 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python.bak -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    14 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    13 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python-debug -> python2-debug
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    20 Jun 24  2021 /usr/bin/python-debug-config -> python2-debug-config

[root@cloudcsp ~]# python -V
Python 3.7.9

2.6 安装相关软件包

[root@cloudcsp ~]# yum install -y libaio* \
tar \
vim \
net*

3 安装 openGauss 数据库

3.1 上传并解压软件

[root@cloudcsp ~]# mkdir -p /opt/software/openGauss

# 上传软件至此目录

[root@cloudcsp ~]# ls -l /opt/software/openGauss/
total 104948
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 107466525 Mar 11 10:01 openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-all.tar.gz

[root@cloudcsp ~]# chmod 755 -R /opt/software
[root@cloudcsp ~]# ls -l /opt/software/openGauss/
total 104948
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 107466525 Mar 11 10:01 openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-all.tar.gz

[root@cloudcsp ~]# cd /opt/software/openGauss/
[root@cloudcsp openGauss]# tar -zxvf openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-all.tar.gz 
openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-om.tar.gz
openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit.tar.bz2
openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-om.sha256
openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit.sha256
upgrade_sql.tar.gz
upgrade_sql.sha256

[root@cloudcsp openGauss]# tar -zxvf openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-om.tar.gz
[root@cloudcsp openGauss]# ll
total 206M
drwx------ 14 root root 4.0K Sep 30  2021 lib
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root 103M Mar 11 10:01 openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-all.tar.gz
-rw-------  1 root root   65 Sep 30  2021 openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-om.sha256
-rw-------  1 root root  19M Sep 30  2021 openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit-om.tar.gz
-rw-------  1 root root   65 Sep 30  2021 openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit.sha256
-rw-------  1 root root  85M Sep 30  2021 openGauss-2.1.0-openEuler-64bit.tar.bz2
drwx------  6 root root 4.0K Sep 30  2021 script
drwx------  2 root root 4.0K Sep 30  2021 simpleInstall
-rw-------  1 root root   65 Sep 30  2021 upgrade_sql.sha256
-rw-------  1 root root 221K Sep 30  2021 upgrade_sql.tar.gz
-rw-------  1 root root   32 Sep 30  2021 version.cfg

3.2 创建 XML 文件

安装前需创建 XML 文件，包含集群名称、服务器名称、安装路径、IP及端口号等，用于告知 openGauss 如何安装，以下为单节点配置方案。如果采用公有云弹性云服务器部署，需要注意 azName 区域名称，和弹性云服务器所在实际 AZ 保持一致；本地虚拟化部署，可忽略。

[root@cloudcsp openGauss]# vim clusterconfig.xml
[root@cloudcsp openGauss]# cat clusterconfig.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ROOT>
    <CLUSTER>
        <PARAM name="clusterName" value="dbCluster" />
        <PARAM name="nodeNames" value="cloudcsp" />
        <PARAM name="backIp1s" value="192.168.200.174"/>
        <PARAM name="gaussdbAppPath" value="/opt/gaussdb/app" />
        <PARAM name="gaussdbLogPath" value="/var/log/gaussdb" />
        <PARAM name="gaussdbToolPath" value="/opt/huawei/wisequery" />
        <PARAM name="corePath" value="/opt/opengauss/corefile"/>
        <PARAM name="clusterType" value="single-inst"/>
    </CLUSTER>

    <DEVICELIST>

        <DEVICE sn="1000001">
            <PARAM name="name" value="cloudcsp"/> 
            <PARAM name="azName" value="AZ1"/>
            <PARAM name="azPriority" value="1"/>
            <PARAM name="backIp1" value="192.168.200.174"/>
            <PARAM name="sshIp1" value="192.168.200.174"/>

            <!--dbnode-->
            <PARAM name="dataNum" value="1"/>
            <PARAM name="dataPortBase" value="26000"/>
            <PARAM name="dataNode1" value="/gaussdb/data/db1"/>
        </DEVICE>
    </DEVICELIST>
</ROOT>

3.3 创建 omm 用户及 dbgrp 组

omm 用户为操作系统用户，也是未来 openGauss 数据库管理员账户，dbgrp 是运行 openGauss 操作系统用户的群组名称。

[root@cloudcsp openGauss]# python /opt/software/openGauss/script/gs_preinstall -U omm -G dbgrp -X /opt/software/openGauss/clusterconfig.xml

# 输出

Parsing the configuration file.
Successfully parsed the configuration file.
Installing the tools on the local node.
Successfully installed the tools on the local node.
Setting pssh path
Successfully set core path.
Are you sure you want to create the user[omm] and create trust for it (yes/no)? yes
Please enter password for cluster user.
Password: 
Please enter password for cluster user again.
Password: 
Successfully created [omm] user on all nodes.
Preparing SSH service.
Successfully prepared SSH service.
Checking OS software.
Successfully check os software.
Checking OS version.
Successfully checked OS version.
Creating cluster's path.
Successfully created cluster's path.
Set and check OS parameter.
Setting OS parameters.
Successfully set OS parameters.
Warning: Installation environment contains some warning messages.
Please get more details by "/opt/software/openGauss/script/gs_checkos -i A -h cloudcsp --detail".
Set and check OS parameter completed.
Preparing CRON service.
Successfully prepared CRON service.
Setting user environmental variables.
Successfully set user environmental variables.
Setting the dynamic link library.
Successfully set the dynamic link library.
Setting Core file
Successfully set core path.
Setting pssh path
Successfully set pssh path.
Setting Cgroup.
Successfully set Cgroup.
Set ARM Optimization.
No need to set ARM Optimization.
Fixing server package owner.
Setting finish flag.
Successfully set finish flag.
Preinstallation succeeded.

3.4 创建数据库

安装脚本 gs_install 必须以 omm 执行，否则执行脚本会报错。

[root@cloudcsp openGauss]# chmod -R 755 /opt/software/openGauss/script/
[root@cloudcsp openGauss]# su - omm
[omm@cloudcsp ~]$ cd /opt/software/openGauss/script/

# 使用 install 工具配置数据库

gs_install -X /opt/software/openGauss/clusterconfig.xml \
--gsinit-parameter="--encoding=UTF8"  \
--dn-guc="max_process_memory=4GB"  \
--dn-guc="shared_buffers=256MB" \
--dn-guc="bulk_write_ring_size=256MB" \
--dn-guc="cstore_buffers=16MB"

# 输出

Parsing the configuration file.
Check preinstall on every node.
Successfully checked preinstall on every node.
Creating the backup directory.
Successfully created the backup directory.
begin deploy..
Installing the cluster.
begin prepare Install Cluster..
Checking the installation environment on all nodes.
begin install Cluster..
Installing applications on all nodes.
Successfully installed APP.
begin init Instance..
encrypt cipher and rand files for database.
Please enter password for database:
Please repeat for database:
begin to create CA cert files
The sslcert will be generated in /opt/gaussdb/app/share/sslcert/om
Cluster installation is completed.
Configuring.
Deleting instances from all nodes.
Successfully deleted instances from all nodes.
Checking node configuration on all nodes.
Initializing instances on all nodes.
Updating instance configuration on all nodes.
Check consistence of memCheck and coresCheck on database nodes.
Configuring pg_hba on all nodes.
Configuration is completed.
Successfully started cluster.
Successfully installed application.
end deploy..

3.5 连接数据库

  • 查看数据库实例信息
[omm@cloudcsp script]$ gs_om -t status --detail
[   Cluster State   ]

cluster_state   : Normal
redistributing  : No
current_az      : AZ_ALL

[  Datanode State   ]

    node    node_ip         port      instance                  state
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1  cloudcsp 192.168.200.174 26000      6001 /gaussdb/data/db1   P Primary Normal
  • 通过 gsql 连接数据库
[omm@cloudcsp script]$ gsql -d postgres -p 26000 -r
gsql ((openGauss 2.1.0 build 590b0f8e) compiled at 2021-09-30 14:29:54 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

openGauss=# \db
      List of tablespaces
    Name    | Owner | Location 
------------+-------+----------
 pg_default | omm   | 
 pg_global  | omm   | 
(2 rows)

openGauss=# \q
  • END
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