TypeScript零基础入门之背景介绍和环境安装

@RequestParm

• 默认情况下，方法参数上使用该注解说明这个参数是必传的，但是我们可以通过required = false来设置是否必传，或者通过defaultValue设置默认值。
• 如果类型不是Sting类型的话，会自动进行转换
• 可以将参数类型声明为list，同一个参数名解析多个参数值

1.使用Get请求

    /**
     *GET http://localhost:8080/api/person/getPerson?id=1
     */
    @GetMapping("/getPerson")
    public String getPerson(@RequestParam(value = "id",required = false,defaultValue = "2") Integer id) {
        log.info("id:{}", id);
        return "";
    }

2.使用Post请求

    /**
     * POST http://localhost:8080/api/person/postPerson
     * Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
     *
     * id=1
     */
    @PostMapping("/postPerson")
    public String postPerson(@RequestParam("id") String id) {
        log.info("id:{}", id);
        return "";
    }

3.使用Map接收

    /**
     *POST http://localhost:8080/api/person/postPersonMap
     * Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
     *
     * id=1
     */
    @PostMapping("/postPersonMap")
    public String postPersonMap(@RequestParam HashMap<String,String> param) {
        log.info("param:{}",param.toString());
        return "";
    }

4.使用List接收

    /**
     *可以通过两种方式传递list
     * 第一种传递到param中：
     * POST http://localhost:8080/api/person/postPersonList?param=1,2,3,4
     *
     * 第二种传递到form表单中：
     * POST http://localhost:8080/api/person/postPersonList
     * Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
     *
     * param=1,2,3,4,5
     */
    @PostMapping("/postPersonList")
    public String postPersonList(@RequestParam List<String> param) {
        log.info("param:{}",param);
        return "";
    }

5.什么都不加

    /**
     * GET http://localhost:8080/api/person/getPerson?id=1
     */
    @GetMapping("/getPersonById")
    public String getPersonById(Integer id) {
        log.info("id:{}", id);
        return "";
    }

@RequestBody

### test postPersonByJson
POST http://localhost:8080/api/person/postPersonByJson
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "id": 1,
  "name": "tom",
  "age": 12,
  "ADDRESS": "beijing"
}

如果有别名的话可以使用@JsonAlias注解或者使用@JsonProperty注解如下：

    /**
     * 地址
     */

    @JsonAlias(value = {"ADDRESS"})
    private String adress;

    /**
     * 地址
     */

   @JsonProperty("ADDRESS")
    private String adress;

服务端接收如下：

    @PostMapping("/postPersonByJson")
    public Person postPersonByJson(@RequestBody Person person) {
        log.info("person:{}", person);
        return person;
    }

HttpEntity

### test httpEntity
POST http://localhost:8080/api/person/accounts
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "id": 1,
  "name": "tom",
  "age": 12,
  "ADDRESS": "beijing"
}

    /**
     * HttpEntity 和@RequestBody使用相同，多了一个header
     *
     * @param entity
     */
    @PostMapping("/accounts")
    public void handle(HttpEntity<Person> entity) {
        log.info("请求头部为：{}，请求体为：{}", entity.getHeaders(), entity.getBody());
    }

@RequestHeader

### test header
GET http://localhost:8080/api/person/getPersonHeader
Accept-Encoding: deflate
Keep-Alive: 11

### test headerByMap
GET http://localhost:8080/api/person/getPersonHeaderByMap
Accept-Encoding: deflate
Keep-Alive: 11

    /**
     * 接收header参数
     */
    @GetMapping("/getPersonHeader")
    public void getPersonHeader(@RequestHeader("Accept-Encoding") String encoding,
                                @RequestHeader("Keep-Alive") long keepAlive) {
        log.info("Accept-Encoding:{},Keep-Alive:{}", encoding, keepAlive);
    }

    /**
     * map接收header参数
     * 使用map接收key值会变成小写
     */
    @GetMapping("/getPersonHeaderByMap")
    public void getPersonHeader(@RequestHeader Map<String, String> param) {
        param.forEach((key, value) -> {
            log.info("key:{},value:{}", key, value);
        });
        log.info("Accept-Encoding:{},Keep-Alive:{}", param.get("accept-encoding"), param.get("keep-alive"));
    }

@PathVariable

### test PathVariable
GET http://localhost:8080/api/person/1


### test PathVariable  regular expression
GET http://localhost:8080/api/person/express/spring-web-3.0.5.jar

    /**
     * 获取url中的参数
     */
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public void getPersonById(@PathVariable String id) {
        log.info("id:{}", id);
    }

    /**
     * 通过正则表达式获取url中name，version，ext等信息
     */
    @GetMapping("/express/{name:[a-z-]+}-{version:\\d\\.\\d\\.\\d}{ext:\\.[a-z]+}")
    public void handle(@PathVariable String name, @PathVariable String version, @PathVariable String ext) {
        log.info("name：{},version:{},ext:{}", name, version, ext);
    }

@ModelAttribute

###test modelAttribute
POST http://localhost:8080/api/person/postPersonByModel/123
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

name=tom&age=14&address=北京



###test getModelAttribute
GET http://localhost:8080/api/person/getPersonByModel/456?name=tom&age=14&address=北京

    @PostMapping("/postPersonByModel/{id}")
    public void postPersonByModel(@ModelAttribute Person person) {
        log.info("person:{}", person);
    }

    @GetMapping("/getPersonByModel/{id}")
    public void getPersonByModel(@ModelAttribute Person person) {
        log.info("person:{}", person);
    }

或者将@ModelAttribute注解放到方法上，如果有公共参数需要进行处理，可以使用@ModelAttribute进行前置操作例如：

### testModelAttribute
POST http://localhost:8080/api/person/testModelAttribute
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
token: 123

name=tom&age=14&address=北京

    @ModelAttribute
    public void userInfo(ModelMap modelMap, HttpServletRequest request) {
        log.info("执行modelAttribute方法");
        //模拟通过token获取userId的过程
        String id = request.getHeader("token").toString();
        modelMap.addAttribute("userId", id);
    }

    @PostMapping("/testModelAttribute")
    public void testModelAttribute(@ModelAttribute("userId") String userId, Person person) {
        log.info("userId:{}", userId);
    }