Centos7.9+Oracle19C 单机文件系统安装

00-系统环境

• 数据库软件：LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip（上传至/root目录）
• 其他软件包（上传至/root目录）

• rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
• compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm

01-准备操作系统环境

1、关闭系统防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
cat /etc/selinux/config

2、修改hosts文件

echo '192.168.1.101   dbserver' >> /etc/hosts

3、关闭透明内存大页和NUMA

#将/etc/default/grub文件中的"quiet"用"quiet transparent_hugepage=never numa=off"替换
sed -i 's/quiet/quiet transparent_hugepage=never numa=off/' /etc/default/grub

#执行下行命令
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

#重启
reboot

#输入以下命令确认
cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
cat /proc/cmdline
grep AnonHugePages /proc/meminfo

4、配置本地YUM源

mkdir /yums
mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*

echo '[local]' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo
echo 'name=yum local' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo
echo 'baseurl=file:///mnt' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo
echo 'gpgcheck=0' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo
echo 'enabled=1' >> /etc/yum.repos.d/yums.repo

yum clean all			#yum配置生成

#createrepo /yums			#创建索引
#cp /mnt/Packages/* /yums

5、安装ORACLE先决条件的软件包

yum install -y bc
yum install -y compat-libcap1*
yum install -y compat-libcap*
yum install -y binutils 
yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33 
yum install -y elfutils-libelf 
yum install -y elfutils-libelf-devel 
yum install -y gcc 
yum install -y gcc-c++ 
yum install -y glibc-2.5 
yum install -y glibc-common 
yum install -y glibc-devel 
yum install -y glibc-headers 
yum install -y ksh libaio 
yum install -y libaio-devel 
yum install -y libgcc 
yum install -y libstdc++ 
yum install -y libstdc++-devel 
yum install -y make 
yum install -y sysstat 
yum install -y unixODBC 
yum install -y unixODBC-devel
yum install -y binutils*
yum install -y compat-libstdc*
yum install -y elfutils-libelf*
yum install -y gcc*
yum install -y glibc*
yum install -y ksh*
yum install -y libaio*
yum install -y libgcc*
yum install -y libstdc*
yum install -y make*
yum install -y sysstat*
yum install -y libXp*
yum install -y glibc-kernheaders
yum install -y net-tools-*

6、修改LINUX的内核文件

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax = 8589934591		#物理内存*1024*1024*1024-1
kernel.shmmni = 4096		#最小共享内存，一般是固定值
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
fs.file-max = 6815744				#文件句柄数，一次可以打开文件的个数
kernel.shmall = 2097152			#物理内存*1024*1024*1024/4096，表示内存大小（单位：页=4K）
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
#net.core.somaxconn = 262144
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 6
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 5
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2

sysctl -p

7、修改limits.conf文件

echo 'oracle   soft   nofile    1024' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo 'oracle   hard   nofile    65536' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo 'oracle   soft   nproc    16384' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo 'oracle   hard   nproc    16384' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo 'oracle   soft   stack    10240' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo 'oracle   hard   stack    32768' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo 'oracle   hard   memlock    134217728' >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo 'oracle   soft   memlock    134217728' >> /etc/security/limits.conf

8、修改/etc/pam.d/login文件（限制使用进程数）

echo 'session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so' >> /etc/pam.d/login
echo 'session required pam_limits.so' >> /etc/pam.d/login

9、编辑环境变量

vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
      ulimit -p 16384
      ulimit -n 65536
      else
      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi

source /etc/profile

10、创建文件目录、用户、用户组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

passwd oracle		#修改oracle用户密码

11、安装软件包、修改数据库安装文件属性

#安装软件包
rpm -ivh /root/rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh /root/compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm

#修改数据库安装文件属性
chown -R oracle:oinstall LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip

#移动数据库安装文件
mv /root/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/

12、配置ORACLE用户环境变量

su - oracle

vi .bash_profile

export EDITOR=vi
export TMP=/tmp  
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/db_1
export INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
umask 022
alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='rlwrap rman'

13、使用oracle用户解压安装包

su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip

02-安装数据库软件

su - oracle
export DISPLAY=192.168.1.1:0.0		#192.168.1.1为远程控制的windows主机IP

#启动安装程序
cd $ORACLE_HOME
./runInstaller

配置监听：oracle用户运行netca，一路下一步，完成后运行lsnrctl status

03-创建数据库