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Docker容器管理

灵魂跑者 2022-08-03 阅读 63
dockernginxbashLinux系统/运维

[root@docker ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release  

CentOS Linux release 8.5.2111

一、Docker安装

[root@docker ~]# wget https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@docker ~]# mv docker-ce.repo  /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@docker ~]# yum install -y docker-ce

问题: 软件包 docker-ce-3:20.10.17-3.el8.x86_64 需要 containerd.io >= 1.4.1，但没有提供者可以被安装  
- 安装的软件包的问题 buildah-1.22.3-2.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64

  - 软件包 buildah-1.22.3-2.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.x86_64 需要 runc >= 1.0.0-26，但没有提供者可以被安装

  - 无法为该任务安装最佳候选

  - 软件包 runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 被模块过滤过滤掉

  - 软件包 runc-1.0.0-66.rc10.module_el8.5.0+1004+c00a74f5.x86_64 被模块过滤过滤掉

  - 软件包 runc-1.0.0-72.rc92.module_el8.5.0+1006+8d0e68a2.x86_64 被模块过滤过滤掉

(尝试在命令行中添加 '--allowerasing' 来替换冲突的软件包 或 '--skip-broken' 来跳过无法安装的软件包 或 '--nobest' 来不只使用软件包的最佳候选)

[root@docker yum.repos.d]# yum erase runc

# yum install docker-ce -y

启动Docker服务
[root@docker /]# systemctl enable docker
[root@docker /]# systemctl start docker

查看Docker版本及启动状态
[root@docker /]# docker -v
Docker version 20.10.17, build 100c701

[root@docker /]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.17
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.17.11
 Git commit:        100c701
 Built:             Mon Jun  6 23:03:11 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.17
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.17.11
  Git commit:       a89b842
  Built:            Mon Jun  6 23:01:29 2022
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.6
  GitCommit:        10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.2
  GitCommit:        v1.1.2-0-ga916309
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

查看Docker运行状态
[root@docker /]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.2-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 20.10.17
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
 runc version: v1.1.2-0-ga916309
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-348.el8.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 8
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 4
 Total Memory: 782MiB
 Name: docker
 ID: RKJE:I7BN:MCMM:VETL:XDH4:Y2JJ:QVSN:JUYV:IOOT:YJY3:V5XC:ZFQE
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

二、Docker容器管理

一、容器管理
[root@docker ~]# docker create -it  --name "nginx01" b692 /bin/bash  
f55c1a5e9969950bb720a2a4602ecd3092acbee0ab46ce63a177b68ec39d517d

[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND       CREATED       STATUS       PORTS     NAMES
4df23d8bbe6e   daocloud.io/library/centos   "/bin/bash"   2 hours ago   Up 2 hours             test

[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS       PORTS     NAMES
f55c1a5e9969   b692                           "/docker-entrypoint.…"   33 seconds ago   Created                nginx01
4df23d8bbe6e   daocloud.io/library/centos     "/bin/bash"              2 hours ago      Up 2 hours             test
57246e6387d4   daocloud.io/library/centos:5   "/bin/bash"              3 hours ago      Created                wizardly_wiles

[root@docker ~]# docker start nginx01
nginx01

[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
f55c1a5e9969   b692                         "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up 4 seconds   80/tcp    nginx01
4df23d8bbe6e   daocloud.io/library/centos   "/bin/bash"              2 hours ago          Up 2 hours               test

[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd --name="nginx02" --restart=always  b692   /bin/bash      
[root@docker ~]# docker inspect nginx02

[root@docker ~]# curl 172.17.0.4

curl: (7) Failed to connect to 172.17.0.4 port 80: 拒绝连接

**断开与容器的连接且关闭容器**

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it  --name="nginx03" --restart=always  b692   /bin/bash  
root@cdacff99decd:/# exit
exit

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it  --name="nginx04" --restart=always  b692   /bin/sh  
#  
[root@docker ~]# docker run -it  --name="nginx05" --restart=always  b692  

[root@docker ~]# docker run -itd  --name="nginx06" --restart=always  b692  
4c9ea1c7397b7afd5e2ce09a4d71e6cc0fd819c487979e6ec9876fbe312ac0f7

[root@docker ~]# docker inspect nginx06
...........

[root@docker ~]# curl 172.17.0.8
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

#查看容器
[root@docker ~]# docker ps  
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                        COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
4c9ea1c7397b   b692                         "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago    Up 2 minutes    80/tcp    nginx06
ae1b5d52e919   b692                         "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago    Up 2 minutes    80/tcp    nginx05
5fad20bffc57   b692                         "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 minutes ago    Up 4 minutes    80/tcp    nginx04
cdacff99decd   b692                         "/docker-entrypoint.…"   12 minutes ago   Up 7 minutes    80/tcp    nginx03
85018f0878a8   b692                         "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Up 16 minutes   80/tcp    nginx02
f55c1a5e9969   b692                         "/docker-entrypoint.…"   28 minutes ago   Up 25 minutes   80/tcp    nginx01
4df23d8bbe6e   daocloud.io/library/centos   "/bin/bash"              3 hours ago      Up 3 hours                test

#查看所有容器
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a

#只查看容器id
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a -q
4c9ea1c7397b
ae1b5d52e919
5fad20bffc57
cdacff99decd
85018f0878a8
f55c1a5e9969
4df23d8bbe6e
57246e6387d4

#查看镜像id
[root@docker ~]# docker images -q
b692a91e4e15
5d0da3dc9764
300e315adb2f
1ae98b2c895d

#最近一次启动的容器
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
4cea1c7397b   b692      "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago   Up 7 minutes   80/tcp    nginx06

#查看容器信息
[root@docker ~]# docker inspect b692

#查看容器IP
[root@docker ~]# docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}'  nginx06
172.17.0.8

#启动容器
[root@docker ~]# docker start nginx01
nginx01

#正常关闭容器
[root@docker ~]# docker stop nginx01

#强制关闭容器
[root@docker ~]# docker kill nginx01

#关闭所有running状态的容器
[root@docker ~]# docker kill $(docker ps -q)

#删除容器
[root@docker ~]# docker rm nginx01
[root@docker ~]# docker rm f55c

根据状态删除所有容器
[root@qfedu.com ~]# docker rm $(docker ps -qf status=exited)

#重启容器
[root@docker ~]# docker restart nginx01

#暂停容器
[root@docker ~]# docker pause  nginx01  
#恢复容器

[root@docker ~]# docker unpause  nginx01  
#rename修改容器名称

[root@docker ~]# docker rename nginx01 nginx

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