Web自动化测试[playwright概述]-CFANZ编程社区

微软开源了一款Python自动化依赖库：playwright-python，它支持主流的浏览器，同时支持以无头模式、有头模式运行；playwright-python还提供了同步、异步的 API，可以结合 Pytest 测试框架使用；支持python、C#、JS等;详情可以通过Github:playwright-python和API:playwright-python和Docs:playwright-python查看

playwright 特色

Ever-green browser engines
Headless execution
Scenarios that span multiple pages, domains and iframes
Auto-wait for elements to be ready before executing actions (like click, fill)
Reliable signals instead of timeouts (like network response, popup, navigation)
Intercept network activity for stubbing and mocking network requests
Emulate mobile devices, geolocation, permissions
Support for web components via shadow-piercing selectors
Native input events for mouse and keyboard
Upload and download files
Language to use, one of javascript, python, python-async, csharp (default: “python”)

安装playwright

C:\Users\Administrator>pip3 install playwright
Collecting playwright
  Downloading playwright-0.162.2-py3-none-win32.whl (45.8 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 45.8 MB 33 kB/s
Collecting greenlet==1.0a1
  Downloading greenlet-1.0a1-cp37-cp37m-win32.whl (91 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 91 kB 13 kB/s
Collecting pyee>=8.0.1
  Downloading pyee-8.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (12 kB)
Collecting typing-extensions
  Downloading typing_extensions-3.7.4.3-py3-none-any.whl (22 kB)
Installing collected packages: typing-extensions, pyee, greenlet, playwright
  Attempting uninstall: greenlet
    Found existing installation: greenlet 0.4.17
    Uninstalling greenlet-0.4.17:
      Successfully uninstalled greenlet-0.4.17
Successfully installed greenlet-1.0a1 playwright-0.162.2 pyee-8.1.0 typing-extensions-3.7.4.3

安装浏览器驱动

C:\Users\Administrator>python -m playwright install
Downloading chromium v827102 - 86.1 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s
chromium v827102 downloaded to C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\chromium-827102
Downloading firefox v1205 - 74.8 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s
firefox v1205 downloaded to C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\firefox-1205
Downloading webkit v1383 - 51.4 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0s
webkit v1383 downloaded to C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\ms-playwright\webkit-1383

实例使用

脚本录制

C:\Users\Administrator>python -m playwright codegen --help
Usage: index codegen [options] [url]

open page and generate code for user actions

Options:
  -o, --output <file name>  saves the generated script to a file
  --target <language>       language to use, one of javascript, python, python-async, csharp (default: "python")
  -h, --help                display help for command

Examples:

  $ codegen
  $ codegen --target=python
  $ -b webkit codegen https://example.com

实际执行一条命令

python -m playwright codegen --target python -o davieyang.py -b chromium https://www.baidu.com

Google浏览器会自动弹出并打开百度页面

Web自动化测试[playwright概述]_playwright

在页面上做一些操作，都会被记录在命令行窗口中，然后在C:\Users\Administrator下便可以找到自动生成的脚本文件

from playwright import sync_playwright

def run(playwright):
    browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    context = browser.newContext()

    # Open new page
    page = context.newPage()

    # Go to https://www.baidu.com/
    page.goto("https://www.baidu.com/")

    # Click input[name="wd"]
    page.click("input[name=\"wd\"]")

    # Fill input[name="wd"]
    page.fill("input[name=\"wd\"]", "davieyang")

    # Go to https://www.baidu.com/s?ie=utf-8&f=8&rsv_bp=1&rsv_idx=1&tn=baidu&wd=davieyang&fenlei=256&rsv_pq=bd7fdf76000822b7&rsv_t=01963XhEzymZUudteU%2BMRAbE5nBWJjrYhyMTVUz3hq7j0bU5Z2gZAQ5uRnQ&rqlang=cn&rsv_enter=0&rsv_dl=tb&rsv_sug3=11&rsv_sug1=6&rsv_sug7=100&rsv_btype=i&inputT=3810&rsv_sug4=5977
    page.goto("https://www.baidu.com/s?ie=utf-8&f=8&rsv_bp=1&rsv_idx=1&tn=baidu&wd=davieyang&fenlei=256&rsv_pq=bd7fdf76000822b7&rsv_t=01963XhEzymZUudteU%2BMRAbE5nBWJjrYhyMTVUz3hq7j0bU5Z2gZAQ5uRnQ&rqlang=cn&rsv_enter=0&rsv_dl=tb&rsv_sug3=11&rsv_sug1=6&rsv_sug7=100&rsv_btype=i&inputT=3810&rsv_sug4=5977")

    # Go to https://github.com/davieyang/
    page1.goto("https://github.com/davieyang/")

    # Close page
    page1.close()

    # Close page
    page.close()

    # ---------------------
    context.close()
    browser.close()

with sync_playwright() as playwright:
    run(playwright)

同步sync_playwright

from time import sleep

from playwright import sync_playwright

# 注意：默认是无头模式

with sync_playwright() as p:
    # 分别对应三个浏览器驱动
    for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]:

        # 指定为有头模式，方便查看
        browser = browser_type.launch(headless=False)
        page = browser.newPage()
        page.goto('http://baidu.com')

        # 执行一次搜索操作
        page.fill("input[name=\"wd\"]", "AirPython")
        with page.expect_navigation():
            page.press("input[name=\"wd\"]", "Enter")

        # 等待页面加载完全
        page.waitForSelector("text=百度热榜")

        # 截图
        page.screenshot(path=f'example-{browser_type.name}.png')

        # 休眠5s
        sleep(5)

        # 关闭浏览器
        browser.close()

异步async_playwright

import asyncio

from playwright import async_playwright

# 异步执行
async def main():
    async with async_playwright() as p:
        for browser_type in [p.chromium, p.firefox, p.webkit]:
            # 指定为有头模式，方便查看
            browser = await browser_type.launch(headless=False)
            page = await browser.newPage()

            await page.goto('http://baidu.com')

            # 执行一次搜索操作
            await page.fill("input[name=\"wd\"]", "AirPython")
            await page.press("input[name=\"wd\"]", "Enter")

            # 等待页面加载完全
            await page.waitForSelector("text=百度热榜")

            # 截图
            await page.screenshot(path=f'example-{browser_type.name}.png')

            await browser.close()


asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())