1.入门
1.坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>2.Servelet容器加载（普通与简化）
public class ServletContainersInitConfig extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer {
//加载springmvc配置类，产生springmvc容器（本质还是spring容器）
protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() {
//初始化WebApplicationContext对象
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
//加载指定配置类
ctx.register(SpringMvcConfig.class);
return ctx;
}
//设置由springmvc控制器处理的请求映射路径
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
//加载spring配置类
protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() {
return null;
}
}public class ServletContainersInitConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
}
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};
}
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
//乱码处理
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
filter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
return new Filter[]{filter};
}
}
3.初始化SpringMVC环境
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.itheima.controller")
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}
4.初始化Spring环境
@Configuration
//@ComponentScan({"com.itheima.service","com.itheima.dao"})
//设置spring配置类加载bean时的过滤规则，当前要求排除掉表现层对应的bean
//excludeFilters属性：设置扫描加载bean时，排除的过滤规则
//type属性：设置排除规则，当前使用按照bean定义时的注解类型进行排除
//classes属性：设置排除的具体注解类，当前设置排除@Controller定义的bean
@ComponentScan(value="com.itheima",
excludeFilters = @ComponentScan.Filter(
type = FilterType.ANNOTATION,
classes = Controller.class
)
)
public class SpringConfig {
}2.掌握基于SpringMVC获取请求参数与响应json数据操作
1.坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>2.核心配置
作用：开启SpringMVC多项辅助功能
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.itheima.controller")
//开启json数据类型自动转换
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}
3.保证是json
4.在形参前加@RequestBody,一般是@RequestParam
将请求中请求体所包含的数据传递给请求参数，此注解一个处理器方法只能使用一次
@EnableWebMvc注解功能强大，该注解整合了多个功能，此处仅使用其中一部分功能，即json数据进行自动类型转换
5.Date类型默认是‘/’分割 ，用@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
6.@responsebody使用json坐标，可以将对象转为json，使用的是HttpMessageConverter
3.熟练应用基于REST风格的请求路径设置与参数传递
REST简介:
例子：
@RequestMapping(value = "/users/{id}" ,method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
@ResponseBodypublic String delete(@PathVariable Integer id){
System.out.println("user delete..." + id);
return "{'module':'user delete'}";
}
4.能够根据实际业务建立前后端开发通信协议并进行实现
1.制作SpringMVC控制器，并通过PostMan测试接口功能
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
@PostMapping
public String save(@RequestBody Book book){
System.out.println("book save ==> "+ book);
return "{'module':'book save success'}";
}
@GetMapping
public List<Book> getAll(){
System.out.println("book getAll is running ...");
List<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<Book>();
Book book1 = new Book();
book1.setType("计算机");
book1.setName("SpringMVC入门教程");
book1.setDescription("小试牛刀");
bookList.add(book1);
//模拟数据...
return bookList;
}
}
2.设置对静态资源的访问放行
@Configuration
public class SpringMvcSupport extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
//设置静态资源访问过滤，当前类需要设置为配置类，并被扫描加载
@Override
protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
//当访问/pages/????时候，从/pages目录下查找内容
registry.addResourceHandler("/pages/**").addResourceLocations("/pages/");
registry.addResourceHandler("/js/**").addResourceLocations("/js/");
registry.addResourceHandler("/css/**").addResourceLocations("/css/");
registry.addResourceHandler("/plugins/**").addResourceLocations("/plugins/");
}
}
