数据库：oracle 19.3
系统：Windows 11
实验目标：测试更改数据库数据文件位置.
1、更改临时文件位置
SQL> set line 200
SQL> select file_name,autoextensible,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_temp_files order by 1;
FILE_NAME AUT TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES/1024/1024
------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------------------ ---------------
F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF YES TEMP 20
SQL> create temporary tablespace local_temp tempfile 'E:\dmp\temp02.dbf' size 50m autoextend on;
Tablespace created.
SQL> select file_name,autoextensible,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_temp_files order by 1;
FILE_NAME AUT TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES/1024/1024
------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------------------ ---------------
E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF YES LOCAL_TEMP 50
F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF YES TEMP 20
SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_temp_files t,v$tempfile v where t.file_id=v.file#;
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ -------
2 E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF ONLINE
1 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF ONLINE
SQL> alter database tempfile 'E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF' offline;
Database altered.
此时系统层面将E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF复制到F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\目录下，并命名为TEMP02.DBF
SQL> alter database rename file 'E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF' to 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP02.DBF';
Database altered.
SQL> alter database tempfile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP02.DBF' online;
Database altered.
SQL> select file_name,autoextensible,bytes/1024/1024,tablespace_name from dba_temp_files;
FILE_NAME AUT BYTES/1024/1024 TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------ --- --------------- ------------------------------
F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF YES 20 TEMP
F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP02.DBF YES 50 LOCAL_TEMP
如上，成功更改临时文件位置.
2、更改数据文件位置
2.1、运用更改临时文件的方法更改数据文件位置
SQL> alter tablespace test add datafile 'E:\DMP\test03.DBF' size 30m autoextend on;
表空间已更改.
SQL> select file_name,autoextensible,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE_NAME AUTOEX TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES/1024/1024
------------------------------------------------------------ ------ -------------------- ---------------
F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF NO TEST 100
F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF NO TEST 50
E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF YES TEST 30
SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------
5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE
2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE
16 E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF ONLINE
SQL> alter database datafile 'E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF' offline;
数据库已更改.
此时系统层面复制E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF到F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\目录下
SQL> alter database rename file 'E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF' to 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\Test03.DBF';
数据库已更改.
SQL> alter database datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\Test03.DBF' online;
alter database datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\Test03.DBF' online
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01113: 文件 16 需要介质恢复
ORA-01110: 数据文件 16: 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF'
如上，当修改新目录下的TEST03.DBF的数据文件为online时，报错ORA-01113.
SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------
5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE
2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE
16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF RECOVER
以下解决过程：
SQL> shutdown immediate
数据库已经关闭.
已经卸载数据库.
ORACLE 例程已经关闭.
SQL> recover datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF';
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
进程 ID: 0
会话 ID: 0 序列号: 0
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE 例程已经启动.
Total System Global Area 1.2583E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 12581272 bytes
Variable Size 4194304000 bytes
Database Buffers 8355053568 bytes
Redo Buffers 20971520 bytes
数据库装载完毕.
SQL> recover datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF';
完成介质恢复.
SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改.
SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------
5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE
2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE
16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF OFFLINE
SQL> alter database datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF' online;
数据库已更改.
SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------
5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE
2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE
16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF ONLINE
2.2、修改数据文件位置无报错的方法
SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------
5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE
2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE
16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF ONLINE
SQL> alter tablespace test add datafile 'E:\DMP\test04.DBF' size 20m autoextend on;
表空间已更改.
SQL> shutdown immediate
数据库已经关闭.
已经卸载数据库.
ORACLE 例程已经关闭.
SQL>
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE 例程已经启动.
Total System Global Area 1.2583E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 12581272 bytes
Variable Size 4194304000 bytes
Database Buffers 8355053568 bytes
Redo Buffers 20971520 bytes
数据库装载完毕.
此时系统层面复制E:\DMP\TEST04.DBF到F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\目录下
SQL> alter database rename file 'E:\DMP\test04.DBF' to 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST04.dbf';
数据库已更改.
SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改.
SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';
FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------
5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE
2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE
16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF ONLINE
17 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST04.DBF ONLINE
如上，数据文件位置成功修改.
