Lora服务器：Chirpstack连接Lora网关实战

Chirpstack：一个开源的Lora服务项目，该项目包含Gateway Bridge，Network Server，Application Server，Gateway os等子项目，官网地址：https://www.chirpstack.io/

服务器环境：CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)。

一，安装mosquitto。mosauitto是一个开源的MQTT消息代理软件。这个项目中，MQTT承担了各个组件之间互相通信的重任，贯穿了从网桥到AS的整个流程。

1，添加EPEL软件包安装源：yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

2，安装mosquitto：yum install mosquitto

3, 配置mosquitto

　vi /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

#持久化配置
persistence true
persistence_location /var/lib/mosquitto/
#日志文件配置
log_dest file /var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log
#用户名密码认证配置
allow_anonymous false
password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile
acl_file /etc/mosquitto/aclfile

   配置用户策略：vi /etc/mosquitto/aclfile

   测试： mosquitto_sub -t chirpstack/# -u chirp -P 123456

   日志查看：tail -f /var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log

二，安装gateway-bridge

1，新建一个目录，下载redhat安装包到该目录  wget https://artifacts.chirpstack.io/downloads/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge_3.9.2_linux_386.rpm 

 2，安装rpm：rpm -ivh chirpstack-gateway-bridge_3.9.2_linux_386.rpm

3，为getway-bridge创建一个mqtt用户及密码：mosquitto_passwd chirp_gateway，并为该用户配置主题为“gateway/#”的读写策略.配置后重启Mosquitto

4，配置MQTT认证信息: vi /etc/chirpstack-gateway-bridge/chirpstack-gateway-bridge.toml

#配置MQTT payloads采用的协议，默认为protobuf
marshaler="json" 
#配置MQTT 用户名
username="chirp_gateway"
password="123456"
#如果需要更改udp的监听端口可以改写udp_bind值，默认1700

--我的环境实际内容如下

# Integration configuration.
[integration]
# Payload marshaler.
#
# This defines how the MQTT payloads are encoded. Valid options are:
# * protobuf:  Protobuf encoding
# * json:      JSON encoding (easier for debugging, but less compact than 'protobuf')
marshaler="protobuf"

  # MQTT integration configuration.
  [integration.mqtt]
  # Event topic template.
  event_topic_template="gateway/{{ .GatewayID }}/event/{{ .EventType }}"

  # State topic template.
  #
  # States are sent by the gateway as retained MQTT messages (by default)
  # so that the last message will be stored by the MQTT broker. When set to
  # a blank string, this feature will be disabled. This feature is only
  # supported when using the generic authentication type.
  state_topic_template="gateway/{{ .GatewayID }}/state/{{ .StateType }}"

  # Command topic template.
  command_topic_template="gateway/{{ .GatewayID }}/command/#"

。。。。

    # Generic MQTT authentication.
    [integration.mqtt.auth.generic]
    # MQTT servers.
    #
    # Configure one or multiple MQTT server to connect to. Each item must be in
    # the following format: scheme://host:port where scheme is tcp, ssl or ws.
    servers=[
      "tcp://127.0.0.1:1883",
    ]

    # Connect with the given username (optional)
    username=""

    # Connect with the given password (optional)
    password=""

 5， 启动网桥: sudo systemctl start chirpstack-gateway-bridge。查看日志：journalctl -f -n 100 -u chirpstack-gateway-bridge

三，安装配置redis

1，yum install redis

2, vi /etc/redis.conf。找到requirepass，去掉注释并设置新的密码：requirepass redis123456

3，启动redis：systemctl start redis

4，验证密码：redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a redis123456

四，安装配置postgresql

1，rpm源： yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm。安装源见：https://yum.postgresql.org/repopackages/

2，安装：yum install postgresql95-server postgresql95-contrib

3，初始化数据库：/usr/pgsql-9.5/bin/postgresql95-setup initdb  

4，修改postgres用户密码： passwd postgres

5，修改postgresql监听地址：vi /var/lib/pgsql/9.5/data/postgresql.conf。修改listen_addresses值为“*”

6，修改postgresql认证方式：vi /var/lib/pgsql/9.5/data/pg_hba.conf。

# TYPE  DATABASE        USER            ADDRESS                 METHOD

# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local   all             all                                     peer
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            ident
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 md5
# Allow replication connections from localhost, by a user with the
# replication privilege.
local   replication     postgres                                peer
host    replication     postgres        127.0.0.1/32            ident
host    replication     postgres        ::1/128                 ident

5，启动：systemctl enable postgresql-9.5.service     systemctl start postgresql-9.5.service

五，安装network-server

1，添加mqtt账户：mosquitto_passwd /etc/mosquitto/pwfile chirp_network。并配置主题：“gateway/#” 的读写权限。配置后重启Mosquitto

2，添加postgresql账户及数据库

     1），进入postgres用户：su postgres，输入psql指令

     2），创建角色及密码：create role chirpstack_ns with login password 'dbpassword';

     3），创建数据库：create database chirpstack_ns with owner chirpstack_ns;

     4），测试：psql -h localhost -U chirpstack_ns -W chirpstack_ns。输入密码。

3，下载chirpstack-network-server：wget https://artifacts.chirpstack.io/downloads/chirpstack-network-server/chirpstack-network-server_3.10.0_linux_386.rpm

4，安装rpm：rpm -ivh chirpstack-network-server_3.10.0_linux_386.rpm

5，配置：vi /etc/chirpstack-network-server/chirpstack-network-server.toml

6，启动network-server：systemctl start chirpstack-network-server。查看日志：journalctl -u chirpstack-network-server -f -n 50

--我的环境实际如下：

  [network_server.gateway.backend]
    # Backend
    #
    # This defines the backend to use for the communication with the gateways.
    # Use the section name of one of the following gateway backends.
    # Valid options are:
    #  * mqtt
    #  * amqp
    #  * gcp_pub_sub
    #  * azure_iot_hub
    type="mqtt"

    # MQTT gateway backend settings.
    # Event topic template.
    event_topic="gateway/+/event/+"

    # Command topic template.---这些topic要跟上面的bridge对应上
    #
    # Use:
    #   * "{{ .GatewayID }}" as an substitution for the LoRa gateway ID
    #   * "{{ .CommandType }}" as an substitution for the command type
    command_topic_template="gateway/{{ .GatewayID }}/command/{{ .CommandType }}"

    # MQTT server (e.g. scheme://host:port where scheme is tcp, ssl or ws)
    server="tcp://localhost:1883"

    # Connect with the given username (optional)
    username=""

    # Connect with the given password (optional)
    password=""

六，安装Chirpstack-Application-server

1,新建Mosquitto用户和策略：mosquitto_passwd /etc/mosquitto/pwfile chrip_application。并配置主题"gateway/#"的读写权限。配置后重启Mosquitto

2，添加postgresql账户及数据库

     1），进入postgres用户：su postgres，输入psql指令

     2），创建角色及密码：create role chirpstack_as with login password 'dbpassword';

     3），创建数据库：create database chirpstack_as with owner chirpstack_as;

     4）开启  trigram 和 hstore

           \c chirpstack_as

           create extension pg_trgm;

           create extension hstore;

     4），测试：psql -h localhost -U chirpstack_as -W chirpstack_as。输入密码。

3，下载application-server：wget https://artifacts.chirpstack.io/downloads/chirpstack-application-server/chirpstack-application-server_3.12.2_linux_386.rpm

4，安装：rpm -ivh chirpstack-application-server_3.12.2_linux_386.rpm

5，利用openssl生成一个密钥：openssl rand -base64 32

6，配置：

#postgresql连接字符串
[postgresql]
dsn="postgres:/chirpstack_as:dbpassword@localhost/chirpstack_as?sslmode=disable"
#redis连接字符串
[redis]
url="redis://requirepass:redis123456@localhost:6379"

 7，启动：systemctl start chirpstack-application-server。 查看日志：journalctl -f -n 100 -u chirpstack-application-server

七，开放端口

开放 UDP 1700 ,TCP 8080,1883

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1700/udp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1883/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

 打开applicationServer管理页面，默认用户和密码为admin

八 配置application server

打开管理界面，登录

1，添加services:

2，添加网关配置

 3，配置网关，我手里有一个躬远的Lorawan网关。配置Lora服务器

 在application server添加该网关。

 查看gateway-bridge日志。可以看到已经可以收到网关的udp包，并发布到Mqtt:journalctl -u chirpstack-gateway-bridge -f -n 50

 application server上该网关已经是active了。

 九：添加设备。我手中有安志博的lora倾斜传感器终端,采用abp入网方式。按说明书激活后在application平台添加该设备

1，添加设备配置文件

 2，添加应用域

 3，在该应用域下添加设备

 4，配置设备的入网参数。该入网参数可以由设备终端提供，也可以自己定好后发给厂家由厂家出厂时设置好。

ABP入网主要有三个参数：1，Device address 2,Network session key,3,Application session key

 5,触发该lora终端，applcation平台设备上线

 十，从mqtt获取设备的上行数据

利用Mosquitto_sub工具订阅application/#主题：mosquitto_sub -t application/# -u chirp_application -P 123456 。可以新建一个Mosquitto用户和策略，也可以直接用之前部署Application-server时的用户

 红框中的数据即为设备所上传的数据，需要用base64解密后转为16进制。

十一，下发数据到设备

可以通过http接口或者mqtt发布二种方式，由于篇幅关系就不一一介绍。参考管网教程：

mqtt方式：https://www.chirpstack.io/application-server/integrations/mqtt/

http方式：https://www.chirpstack.io/application-server/api/http-examples/