11g 迁移到19c

源端数据库：oracle 11.2.0.4

目标端数据库：oracle 19.3.0.0

1、源库导出

1.1、系统建导出目录

$ mkdir –p /u01/dumpbak/

$ chmod –R 775 /u01/dumpbak/

1.2、数据库建导出目录

SQL> create directory DUMP as ‘/u01/dumpbak/’;

1.3、查看directory

SQL> select owner,directory_name,directory_path from dba_directories;

1.4、源库导出

[oracle@dbserver ~]$ expdp \'/ as sysdba\' directory=DUMP dumpfile=exp%U.dmp logfile=exp.log full=y FILESIZE=20G

1.5、导出结果

Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01 is:

 /u01/dumpbak/exp01.dmp

 /u01/dumpbak/exp02.dmp

 /u01/dumpbak/exp03.dmp

 /u01/dumpbak/exp04.dmp

 /u01/dumpbak/exp05.dmp

 /u01/dumpbak/exp06.dmp

2、测试库导入

2.1、系统建导入目录

$ mkdir –p /data/orcldmp

$ chmod -R 775 /data/orcldmp

2.2、数据库建导入目录

SQL> create directory DUMP as ‘/data/orcldmp’;

2.3、源库传送dmp文件到测试库导入目录

$ scp exp01.dmp root@192.168.133.120:/data/orcldmp

注：6个dmp文件都要传送到测试库，exp01.dmp仅作参考

2.4、开始导入

2.4.1、试错1

第一次导入：

$ impdp system/his@192.168.133.120:1521/orcl directory=imp_dir dumpfile=exp01.dmp,exp02.dmp,exp03.dmp,exp04.dmp,exp05.dmp,exp06.dmp full=y logfile=imp.log

主要报错如下：

ORA-31684: Object type USER:"ORTLN" already exists

ORA-39111: Dependent object type OBJECT_GRANT:"APAX_030200" skipped, base object type SEQUENCE:"APAX_030200"."WVV_SEQ" already exists

ORA-39151: Table "AREX_030400"."WVV_FLTW_JOB_BIND_VALUES" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

异常原因：

a、目标端表空间未处理

b、目标端即有用户未处理

2.4.2、试错2

删除用户：

生成drop user命令，将测试库所有非系统用户删除:

select 'drop user'||' '||username||' cascade;' from dba_users where user_id<>5 and user_id<>0 and user_id<>31 and user_id<>2147483638 and user_id<>3191 and user_id<>30 and user_id<>64 and user_id<>2147483617 and user_id<>3177 and user_id<>3176 and user_id<>46 and user_id<>74 and user_id<>3192 and user_id<>75 and user_id<>3170 and user_id<>2147483620 and user_id<>43 and user_id<>77 and user_id<>3194 and user_id<>56 and user_id<>78 and user_id<>3202 and user_id<>79 and user_id<>3163 and user_id<>55 and user_id<>3164 and user_id<>14 and user_id<>3200 and user_id<>2147483619 and user_id<>54 and user_id<>9 and user_id<>3187 and user_id<>21 and user_id<>3201 and user_id<>45 and user_id<>2147483618 and user_id<>32 and user_id<>53 and user_id<>69

注意：以上排除的是19c数据库的系统用户，user_id为19c新库所查，切记勿删系统用户.

备注：此处其实可以通过以下sql语句批量生成drop命令，oracle_maintained显示Y的为系统用户.

select 'drop user'||' '||username||' cascade;' from dba_users where user_id not in (select user_id from dba_users where oracle_maintained='Y');

结果示例：

drop user N0278 cascade;

drop user N0523 cascade;

drop user N0567 cascade;

drop user D0056 cascade;

drop user N0479 cascade;

drop user D0727 cascade;

drop user N0914 cascade;

drop user N0268 cascade;

drop user N0501 cascade;

……

然后将目标库所有非系统用户全部删除.

处理表空间：

增加目标端数据库表空间容量，大小参照源端表空间已使用大小.

说明：

目标端表空间大小需大于源端对应表空间已使用空间大小；

目标端没有的表空间需要重建.

第二次导入：

[oracle@his orcldmp]$ impdp system/his@192.168.133.120:1521/orcl directory=imp_dir dumpfile=exp01.dmp,exp02.dmp,exp03.dmp,exp04.dmp,exp05.dmp,exp06.dmp full=y logfile=imp1.log

导入过程中出现如下异常：

原因：此异常为字符集引起，中文在UTF-8中占3个字节，ZHS16GBK中占2个字节，要避免此异常发生，需保证导出导入端字符集相同.

停止导入：

a、查看视图dba_datapump_jobs

select * from dba_datapump_jobs;

b、停止impdp导入任务

impdp system/his@orcl attach=job_name

c、关闭job

stop_job=immediate

d、确认job状态

select * from dba_datapump_jobs;

2.4.3、重新建库导入

注意：

a、 export DISPLAY时IP需为本地Windows IP

b、 建库前用dbca将原库orcl删除

c、 字符集需选择与源库相同

源库字符集为ZHS16GBK，所以建立新库到此处时也选择ZHS16GBK。

新库建好后，创建对应表空间及数据文件:

alter tablespace TEMP add tempfile '/data/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' size 31g;

alter tablespace TEMP add tempfile '/data/oradata/orcl/temp02.dbf' size 31g;

alter tablespace TEMP add tempfile '/data/oradata/orcl/temp03.dbf' size 5g autoextend on;

create temporary tablespace TOOLA tempfile '/data/oradata/orcl/TOOLA.dbf' size 31g;

alter tablespace TOOLA add tempfile '/data/oradata/orcl/TOOLA01.dbf' size 5g autoextend on;

create tablespace PATIENT1 datafile '/data/oradata/orcl/PATIENT1.dbf' size 16g autoextend on;

create tablespace EXPENSE datafile '/data/oradata/orcl/EXPENSE.dbf' size 31g;

alter tablespace EXPENSE add datafile '/data/oradata/orcl/EXPENSE01.dbf' size 31g;

alter tablespace USERS add datafile '/data/oradata/orcl/users.dbf' size 31g;

alter tablespace USERS add datafile '/data/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf' size 16g autoextend on;

......

2.5、第三次导入

[oracle@his orcldmp]$ impdp system/his@192.168.133.120:1521/orcl directory=imp_dir dumpfile=exp01.dmp,exp02.dmp,exp03.dmp,exp04.dmp,exp05.dmp,exp06.dmp full=y logfile=imp.log

最后提示：

Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" completed with 852 error(s) at Mon Feb 21 06:09:29 2022 elapsed 0 04:27:37

备注：

a、 导出导入过程中需随时关注报错信息，过程中特别要注意字符集问题.

b、 数据量大时，可以采用并行方式缩短时间.

c、 导出导入后要查看相关日志记录.