JUC（4）Callable和常用的辅助类

1、Callable

• 1、可以有返回值
• 2、可以抛出异常
• 3、方法不同、run()/call()
• 
  

future Task

细节：

• 1、有缓存
• 2、结果可能需要等待，会阻塞

2、常用的辅助类

2.1 CountDownLatch

package com.add;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

//计数器
public class CountDownLatchDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //总数是6
        CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(6);
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->GO OUT");
                countDownLatch.countDown();//减法操作
            },String.valueOf(i)).start();

        }
        countDownLatch.await();//判断是否到零，到零执行下一步
        System.out.println("Close");
    }

}

2.2 CyclicBarrier

package com.add;

import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;

public class CyclicBarrierDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //召唤龙珠
        CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(7,()->{
            System.out.println("召唤神龙成功");
        });

        for (int i = 0; i <7 ; i++) {
            final int temp = i;
          new Thread(()->{
              System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"收集了"+temp+"个龙珠");
              try {
                  cyclicBarrier.await();
              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
          }).start();

        }
    }
}

2.3 Semaphore

package com.add;

import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class SemaphoreDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);

        for (int i = 0; i <6 ; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                //acquire()得到
                try {
                    semaphore.acquire();
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->抢到停车位");
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--->离开停车位");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    semaphore.release();
                }

                //release()释放
            },String.valueOf(i)).start();

        }
    }
}

原理

• semaphore.acquire(); 获得，假设如果已经满了，等待，等待被释放为止
• semaphore.release(); 释放，会将当前的信号量释放+1，然后唤醒等待的线程

作用：多个共享资源互斥的使用，并发限流，控制最大的线程数。