上篇讲了常用的python爬虫工具，可以快速支撑我们数据的爬取--解析--分析，这里将拆解几个爬虫程序实例进行学习，实例来自于https://cuijiahua.com/blog/2020/04/spider-6.html的系列教程或者其他小爬虫；
一、文本
图表数据抓取(编程语言排名)
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
import requests
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
from lxml import etree
from lxml.etree import ParseError
import json
def one_to_page(html):
headers={
'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.62 Safari/537.36'
}
try:
response=requests.get(html,headers=headers)
body=response.text #获取网页内容
except RequestException as e:
print('request is error!',e)
try:
html=etree.HTML(body,etree.HTMLParser()) #解析HTML文本内容
result=html.xpath('//table[contains(@class,"table-top20")]/tbody/tr//text()') #获取列表数据
pos = 0
for i in range(20):
if i == 0:
yield result[i:5]
else:
yield result[pos:pos+5] #返回排名生成器数据
pos+=5
except ParseError as e:
print(e.position)
def write_file(data): #将数据重新组合成字典写入文件并输出
for i in data:
sul={
'2018年6月排行':i[0],
'2017年6排行':i[1],
'开发语言':i[2],
'评级':i[3],
'变化率':i[4]
}
with open('test.txt','a',encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(json.dumps(sul,ensure_ascii=False) + '\n') #必须格式化数据
f.close()
print(sul)
return None
def main():
url='https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/'
data=one_to_page(url)
revaule=write_file(data)
if revaule == None:
print('ok')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()纯文本数据（小说）：
import requests
import time
from tqdm import tqdm
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
def get_content(target):
req = requests.get(url = target)
req.encoding = 'utf-8'
html = req.text
bf = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
texts = bf.find('div', id='content')
content = texts.text.strip().split('\xa0'*4)
return content
if __name__ == '__main__':
server = 'https://www.xsbiquge.com'
book_name = '诡秘之主.txt'
target = 'https://www.xsbiquge.com/15_15338/'
req = requests.get(url = target)
req.encoding = 'utf-8'
html = req.text
chapter_bs = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
chapters = chapter_bs.find('div', id='list')
chapters = chapters.find_all('a')
for chapter in tqdm(chapters):
chapter_name = chapter.string
url = server + chapter.get('href')
content = get_content(url)
with open(book_name, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(chapter_name)
f.write('\n')
f.write('\n'.join(content))
f.write('\n')二、图片
import requests
import os
import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from contextlib import closing
from tqdm import tqdm
import time
"""
Author:
Jack Cui
Wechat:
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/OCWwRVDFNslIuKyiCVUoTA
"""
# 创建保存目录
save_dir = '妖神记'
if save_dir not in os.listdir('./'):
os.mkdir(save_dir)
target_url = "https://www.dmzj.com/info/yaoshenji.html"
# 获取动漫章节链接和章节名
r = requests.get(url = target_url)
bs = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'lxml')
list_con_li = bs.find('ul', class_="list_con_li")
cartoon_list = list_con_li.find_all('a')
chapter_names = []
chapter_urls = []
for cartoon in cartoon_list:
href = cartoon.get('href')
name = cartoon.text
chapter_names.insert(0, name)
chapter_urls.insert(0, href)
# 下载漫画
for i, url in enumerate(tqdm(chapter_urls)):
download_header = {
'Referer': url
}
name = chapter_names[i]
# 去掉.
while '.' in name:
name = name.replace('.', '')
chapter_save_dir = os.path.join(save_dir, name)
if name not in os.listdir(save_dir):
os.mkdir(chapter_save_dir)
r = requests.get(url = url)
html = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'lxml')
script_info = html.script
pics = re.findall('\d{13,14}', str(script_info))
for j, pic in enumerate(pics):
if len(pic) == 13:
pics[j] = pic + '0'
pics = sorted(pics, key=lambda x:int(x))
chapterpic_hou = re.findall('\|(\d{5})\|', str(script_info))[0]
chapterpic_qian = re.findall('\|(\d{4})\|', str(script_info))[0]
for idx, pic in enumerate(pics):
if pic[-1] == '0':
url = 'https://images.dmzj.com/img/chapterpic/' + chapterpic_qian + '/' + chapterpic_hou + '/' + pic[:-1] + '.jpg'
else:
url = 'https://images.dmzj.com/img/chapterpic/' + chapterpic_qian + '/' + chapterpic_hou + '/' + pic + '.jpg'
pic_name = '%03d.jpg' % (idx + 1)
pic_save_path = os.path.join(chapter_save_dir, pic_name)
with closing(requests.get(url, headers = download_header, stream = True)) as response:
chunk_size = 1024
content_size = int(response.headers['content-length'])
if response.status_code == 200:
with open(pic_save_path, "wb") as file:
for data in response.iter_content(chunk_size=chunk_size):
file.write(data)
else:
print('链接异常')
time.sleep(10)三、视频
import os
import ffmpy3
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool as ThreadPool
search_keyword = '越狱第一季'
search_url = 'http://www.jisudhw.com/index.php'
serach_params = {
'm': 'vod-search'
}
serach_headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.122 Safari/537.36',
'Referer': 'http://www.jisudhw.com/',
'Origin': 'http://www.jisudhw.com',
'Host': 'www.jisudhw.com'
}
serach_datas = {
'wd': search_keyword,
'submit': 'search'
}
video_dir = ''
r = requests.post(url=search_url, params=serach_params, headers=serach_headers, data=serach_datas)
r.encoding = 'utf-8'
server = 'http://www.jisudhw.com'
search_html = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'lxml')
search_spans = search_html.find_all('span', class_='xing_vb4')
for span in search_spans:
url = server + span.a.get('href')
name = span.a.string
print(name)
print(url)
video_dir = name
if name not in os.listdir('./'):
os.mkdir(name)
detail_url = url
r = requests.get(url = detail_url)
r.encoding = 'utf-8'
detail_bf = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'lxml')
num = 1
serach_res = {}
for each_url in detail_bf.find_all('input'):
if 'm3u8' in each_url.get('value'):
url = each_url.get('value')
if url not in serach_res.keys():
serach_res[url] = num
print('第%03d集:' % num)
print(url)
num += 1
def downVideo(url):
num = serach_res[url]
name = os.path.join(video_dir, '第%03d集.mp4' % num)
ffmpy3.FFmpeg(inputs={url: None}, outputs={name:None}).run()
# 开8个线程池
pool = ThreadPool(8)
results = pool.map(downVideo, serach_res.keys())
pool.close()
pool.join()
