常用命令
下载镜像
如果想要在本地运行容器，就必须保证本地存在对应的镜像。所以第一步，需要下载镜像。当尝试下载镜像时，Docker 会尝试先从默认的镜像仓库（hub.docker.com）搜索你要的镜像，然后根据页面提示下载，命令格式如下：
docker pull [镜像名]:[镜像标签TAG]
举例：
下载centos
当不指定TAG时，默认下载latest标签，也就是仓库中最新的版本
docker pull centos
# 下载指定版本
docker pull centos:centos8.4.2105
查看镜像列表
docker image ls
docker images
结果：
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 4 months ago 231MB
REPOSITORY: 仓库
TAG: 镜像的标签信息，比如 centos8.4.2105、latest 表示不同的版本信息
IMAGE ID: 镜像的 ID
CREATED: 镜像最后的更新时间
SIZE: 镜像的大小
查看镜像详细信息
docker inspect [镜像名]
docker inspect centos
结果：
[
{
"Id": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
"RepoTags": [
"centos:latest"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177"
],
"Parent": "",
"Comment": "",
"Created": "2021-09-15T18:20:05.184694267Z",
"Container": "9bf8a9e2ddff4c0d76a587c40239679f29c863a967f23abf7a5babb6c2121bf1",
"ContainerConfig": {
"Hostname": "9bf8a9e2ddff",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/sh",
"-c",
"#(nop) ",
"CMD [\"/bin/bash\"]"
],
"Image": "sha256:f5b050f177fd426be8fe998a8ecf3fb1858d7e26dff4080b29a327d1bd5ba422",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"DockerVersion": "20.10.7",
"Author": "",
"Config": {
"Hostname": "",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash"
],
"Image": "sha256:f5b050f177fd426be8fe998a8ecf3fb1858d7e26dff4080b29a327d1bd5ba422",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"Architecture": "amd64",
"Os": "linux",
"Size": 231268856,
"VirtualSize": 231268856,
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/edb70954e9bbaad188303504a5c16afda4c050ab8f381ae7a35d30cebd249599/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/edb70954e9bbaad188303504a5c16afda4c050ab8f381ae7a35d30cebd249599/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/edb70954e9bbaad188303504a5c16afda4c050ab8f381ae7a35d30cebd249599/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"RootFS": {
"Type": "layers",
"Layers": [
"sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59"
]
},
"Metadata": {
"LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
}
}
]
仓库中搜索镜像
docker search [镜像名]
docker search centos
结果：
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
centos The official build of CentOS. 6981 [OK]
ansible/centos7-ansible Ansible on Centos7 135 [OK]
consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with "headless" VNC session… 135 [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh OpenSSH / Supervisor / EPEL/IUS/SCL Repos - … 121 [OK]
centos/systemd systemd enabled base container. 105 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 92
imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56 centos6-lnmp-php56 58 [OK]
tutum/centos Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access 48
centos/postgresql-96-centos7 PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational … 45
kinogmt/centos-ssh CentOS with SSH 29 [OK]
guyton/centos6 From official centos6 container with full up… 10 [OK]
nathonfowlie/centos-jre Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-install… 8 [OK]
centos/tools Docker image that has systems administration… 7 [OK]
centos/redis Redis built for CentOS 6 [OK]
drecom/centos-ruby centos ruby 6 [OK]
roboxes/centos8 A generic CentOS 8 base image. 4
mamohr/centos-java Oracle Java 8 Docker image based on Centos 7 4 [OK]
darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 3 [OK]
miko2u/centos6 CentOS6 日本語環境 2 [OK]
amd64/centos The official build of CentOS. 2
dokken/centos-7 CentOS 7 image for kitchen-dokken 2
mcnaughton/centos-base centos base image 1 [OK]
blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK]
starlabio/centos-native-build Our CentOS image for native builds 0 [OK]
smartentry/centos centos with smartentry 0 [OK]
删除镜像
docker image rm [镜像名]/[镜像id]
docker image rm centos
docker image rm 5d0da3dc9764
保存镜像
保存一个或多个镜像到一个tar归档文件
docker image save 镜像名 -o xxx.tar
加载镜像
从tar归档或者标准输入来加载镜像
docker image load 镜像名 -i xxx.tar
推送
以打包自己的镜像，然后推送到仓库，需要注册一个docker hub的账号，可
docker push 镜像名
构造镜像
从Dockerfile构造一个镜像
docker build -t name:tag path
