centos8安装mysql5.7
前言
由于MySQL版本不兼容原因,当你需要安装MySQL5.7,而不是安装MySQL8,那么就比较麻烦了,Centos8默认是安装MySQL8的,因为Centos8的AppStream仓库只包含MySQL8的包,可以尝试一下在centos8中安装mysql5.7服务器。演示步骤如下:
步骤1:添加MySQL5.7仓库
关闭Centos8中MySQL默认的AppStream仓库:
sudo dnf remove @mysql
sudo dnf module reset mysql && sudo dnf module disable mysql
目前还没有EL8版本的MySQL仓库,所以我们这里用EL7的代替,创建一个新的仓库文件:
sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
然后将以下内容粘贴到新建的仓库文件中:
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
步骤2:开始安装MySQL5.7
当步骤1的仓库文件创建完成后,就可以通过以下的命令在centos8中安装MySQL5.7了:
sudo dnf --enablerepo=mysql57-community install mysql-community-server
输入Y开始安装
步骤3:自动启动和安全配置
在第一次安装好MySQL5.7后,需要开启服务,实现重启自动启动:
sudo systemctl enable --now mysqld.service
然后获取mysql初始密码,用于后续安装配置操作
grep 'A temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log |tail -1
接着开始对mysql进行安全配置,通过MySQL Secure Installation去修改密码、关闭root远程登陆权限,、删除匿名用户、删除测试数据库等:
sudo mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
输入刚才获取的初始密码,开始配置:
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Yes
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Estimated strength of the password: 100
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?: Yes
Remove anonymous users?: Yes
Success.
Disallow root login remotely? : Yes
Success.
Remove test database and access to it? : Yes
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes) : Yes
Success.
All done!
测试数据库连接
mysql -uroot -p
输入密码
select version();
输入 quit
退出
防火墙配置
允许远程3306端口连接
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=mysql --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
添加可信网络
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule 'rule family="ipv4" \
service name="mysql" source address="10.10.10.0/24" accept'
给root用户配置所有权限
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '你的密码';
flush privileges;