Springmvc构造RESTful详细讲解
Rest介绍
/blog/1 HTTP GET => 得到id = 1的blog
/blog/1 HTTP DELETE => 删除 id = 1的blog
/blog/1 HTTP PUT => 更新id = 1的blog
/blog HTTP POST => 新增BLOG以下详细解一下spring rest使用.
首先，我们带着如下两个问题查看本文。
1.如何在java构造没有扩展名的RESTful url,如 /forms/1,而不是 /forms/1.do
2.浏览器的form标签不支持提交delete,put请求，如何曲线解决
springmvc rest 实现
springmvc的resturl是通过@RequestMapping 及@PathVariable annotation提供的,
通过如@RequestMapping(value="/blog /{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)即可处理/blog/1 的delete请求.
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@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
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public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
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blogManager.removeById(id);
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return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
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}
@RequestMapping @PathVariable如果URL中带参数，则配合使用，如
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@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{blogId}/message/{msgId}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
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public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable("blogId") Long blogId,@PathVariable("msgId") Long msgId,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
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}
1.springmvc web.xml配置
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<!-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录，如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
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<servlet-mapping>
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<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
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<url-pattern>/static/*</url-pattern>
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</servlet-mapping>
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<servlet>
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<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
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<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
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<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
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</servlet>
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<!-- URL重写filter,用于将访问静态资源http://localhost/foo.css 转为http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
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<filter>
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<filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
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<filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>confReloadCheckInterval</param-name>
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<param-value>60</param-value>
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</init-param>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>logLevel</param-name>
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<param-value>DEBUG</param-value>
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</init-param>
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</filter>
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<filter-mapping>
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<filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
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<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
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</filter-mapping>
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<!-- 覆盖default servlet的/, springmvc servlet将处理原来处理静态资源的映射 -->
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<servlet-mapping>
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<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
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<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
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</servlet-mapping>
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<!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/blog?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 -->
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<filter>
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<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
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<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
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</filter>
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<filter-mapping>
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<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
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<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
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</filter-mapping>2.webapp/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml配置,使用如下两个class激活@RequestMapping annotation
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<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>
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<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>
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3.Controller编写
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/**
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* @RequestMapping("/userinfo") 具有层次关系，方法级的将在类一级@RequestMapping之一,
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* 如下面示例, 访问方法级别的@RequestMapping("/new"),则URL为 /userinfo/new
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*/
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@Controller
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@RequestMapping("/userinfo")
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public class UserInfoController extends BaseSpringController{
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//默认多列排序,example: username desc,createTime asc
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protected static final String DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS = null;
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private UserInfoManager userInfoManager;
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private final String LIST_ACTION = "redirect:/userinfo";
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/**
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* 通过spring自动注入
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**/
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public void setUserInfoManager(UserInfoManager manager) {
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this.userInfoManager = manager;
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}
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/** 列表 */
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@RequestMapping
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public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) {
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PageRequest<Map> pageRequest = newPageRequest(request,DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS);
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//pageRequest.getFilters(); //add custom filters
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Page page = this.userInfoManager.findByPageRequest(pageRequest);
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savePage(page,pageRequest,request);
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return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/list","userInfo",userInfo);
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}
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/** 进入新增 */
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@RequestMapping(value="/new")
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public ModelAndView _new(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
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return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/new","userInfo",userInfo);
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}
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/** 显示 */
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@RequestMapping(value="/{id}")
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public ModelAndView show(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
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UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
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return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/show","userInfo",userInfo);
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}
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/** 编辑 */
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@RequestMapping(value="/{id}/edit")
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public ModelAndView edit(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
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UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
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return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/edit","userInfo",userInfo);
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}
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/** 保存新增 */
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@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)
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public ModelAndView create(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
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userInfoManager.save(userInfo);
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return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
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}
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/** 保存更新 */
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@RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
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public ModelAndView update(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
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UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
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bind(request,userInfo);
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userInfoManager.update(userInfo);
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return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
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}
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/** 删除 */
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@RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
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public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
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userInfoManager.removeById(id);
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return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
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}
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/** 批量删除 */
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@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
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public ModelAndView batchDelete(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
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String[] items = request.getParameterValues("items");
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for(int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
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java.lang.Long id = new java.lang.Long(items[i]);
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userInfoManager.removeById(id);
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}
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return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
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}
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}
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/userinfo => index()
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/userinfo/new => _new()
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/userinfo/{id} => show()
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/userinfo/{id}/edit => edit()
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/userinfo POST => create()
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/userinfo/{id} PUT => update()
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/userinfo/{id} DELETE => delete()
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/userinfo DELETE => batchDelete()
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注(不使用 /userinfo/add => add() 方法是由于add这个方法会被maxthon浏览器当做广告链接过滤掉,因为包含ad字符)
4.jsp 编写
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<form:form actinotallow="${ctx}/userinfo${userInfo.userId}" method="put">
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</form:form>
生成的html内容如下, 生成一个hidden的_method=put,并于web.xml中的HiddenHttpMethodFilter配合使用，在服务端将post请求改为put请求
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<form id="userInfo" actinotallow="/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo/2" method="post">
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<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put"/>
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</form>
另外一种方法是你可以使用ajax发送put,delete请求.
5.静态资源的URL重写
如上我们描述，现因为将default servlet映射至/static/的子目录，现我们访问静态资源将会带一个/static/前缀.
如 /foo.gif, 现在访问该文件将是 /static/foo.gif.
那如何避免这个前缀呢，那就是应用URL rewrite,现我们使用 http://tuckey.org/urlrewrite/, 重写规则如下
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<urlrewrite>
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<!-- 访问jsp及jspx将不rewrite url,其它.js,.css,.gif等将重写,如 /foo.gif => /static/foo.gif -->
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<rule>
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<condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jsp</condition>
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<condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jspx</condition>
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<from>^(/.*\..*)$</from>
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<to>/static$1</to>
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</rule>
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</urlrewrite>
